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MATERIALS OF PLANT
CONSTRUCTION
CHEMICAL FACTORS
1. Contamination of the product by material of plant lead
to instability, decomposition and physiological effect.
E.g. presence of traces of heavy metal decompose
penicillin.
Stability of vitamins decrease in presence of metallic
ions (Cu++, Co++, Ni++).
The color of esters will change to pale yellow in the
presence of iron impurities.
Esters should be processed in S.S.
CHEMICAL FACTORS
2.The effect on the material of plant by drugs and
chemicals.
Acids, Alkalis and Oxidizing agent and tannins may
affect the material of construction.
Allows and Plastic have a corrosion resistant properties.
PHYSICAL FACTORS
1. Adequate Mechanical Strength.
2. Erosion
3. Weight
4. Ease of fabrication
5. Thermal Expansion
6. Thermal Conductivity
7. Cleansing
8. Sterilization
9. Transparency
Metals
Ferrous
Non-Ferrous
Aluminum
Non-Metals
Lead
Inorgani
c
Glass
Cast
Iron
Steel
Carbon
Stainless
Steel
Rubber
Organic
Plastic
FERROUS METALS
Widely used bcz of its mechanical strength,
abundant availability and lower cost.
Varieties of iron are
1. Cast Iron
2. Carbon Steel
3. Stainless steel
CAST IRON
Cast iron consist of iron with a proportion of carbon
(beyond 1.5 %).
The properties of iron depends on the amt of carbon
present.
Cast iron is abundantly available, inexpensive.
MALLEABLE IRON
Advantages
STAINLESS STEEL
It is an allow of iron.
It contains chromium and nickel, which makes the steel
corrosion resistant.
S.S. is stabilized by the addition of titanium, or tantalum.
Minor amt of other elements such as copper, molybdenum,
& selenium are added.
S.S has the advantages of ease of fabrication.
Properties
of S.S.
1. Heat resistant
2. Corrosion Resistant
3. Ease of fabrication.
4. Tensile strength
5. Cleaning and Sterilization.
MARTENSITIC
AUSTENITIC
FERRITIC
1.ALUMINIUM
It
2.LEAD
It
1.GLASS
1. GLASS
The
1. GLASS
The
Types
General
Description
Properties
Uses
2.GLASS STEEL
RUBBER
Used
1. NEOPRENE
(POLYCHLOROPRENE)
2. BUTYL RUBBER.
2. PLASTICS
Light
TYPE OF PLASTICS
BASED ON UTILITY OF
PLASTICS
Rigid materials
Flexible materials
Metallic surfaces
Plastic cements
Special case plastics