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Introduction
Secondary
Secondary Markets
Markets
markets
markets where
where financial
financial instruments
instruments are
are traded
traded
among
among investors
investors (e.g.
(e.g. NYSE,
NYSE, NASDAQ)
NASDAQ)
1-5
Capital
Capital Markets
Markets
markets
markets that
that trade
trade debt
debt (bonds)
(bonds) and
and equity
equity
(stock)
(stock) instruments
instruments with
with maturities
maturities of
of more
more
than
than one
one year
year
1-6
1-7
1-8
1-10
Suppliers of
Funds
(Households)
Cash
Example: A firm sells shares directly to investors without
going through a financial institution.
1-12
Users of Funds
Cash
Suppliers of Funds
FI
(Asset
transformers)
Financial Claims
(Equity and debt securities)
Cash
Financial Claims
(Deposits and insurance policies)
1-13
Types of FIs
Commercial
Commercial banks
banks
depository
depository institutions
institutions whose
whose major
major assets
assets are
are
loans
loans and
and major
major liabilities
liabilities are
are deposits
deposits
Thrifts
Thrifts
depository
depository institutions
institutions in
in the
the form
formof
ofsavings
savings
and
and loans,
loans, credit
credit unions
unions
Insurance
Insurance companies
companies
financial
financial institutions
institutions that
that protect
protect individuals
individuals
and
and corporations
corporations from
fromadverse
adverse events
events
(continued)
1-14
Securities
Securities firms
firms and
and investment
investment banks
banks
financial
financial institutions
institutions that
that underwrite
underwrite securities
securities
and
and engage
engage in
in securities
securities brokerage
brokerage and
and trading
trading
Finance
Finance companies
companies
financial
financial institutions
institutions that
that make
make loans
loans to
to
individuals
individuals and
and businesses
businesses
Mutual
Mutual Funds
Funds
financial
financial institutions
institutions that
that pool
pool financial
financial
resources
resources and
and invest
invest in
in diversified
diversified portfolios
portfolios
Pension
Pension Funds
Funds
financial
financial institutions
institutions that
that offer
offer savings
savings plans
plans for
for
retirement
retirement
1-15
1-17
Interest
Interest Rate
Rate Risk
Risk
Foreign
Foreign Exchange
Exchange Risk
Risk
Market
Market Risk
Risk
Credit
Credit Risk
Risk
Liquidity
Liquidity Risk
Risk
Off-Balance-Sheet
Off-Balance-Sheet Risk
Risk
Technology
TechnologyRisk
Risk
Operational
Operational Risk
Risk
Country
Country or
orSovereign
Sovereign Risk
Risk
Insolvency
Insolvency Risk
Risk
1-18