YEAR 8 HPE

RESEARCH AND
REFERENCING
MS MCCALLAN
TEACHER LIBRARIAN

LEARNING INTENTIONS AND SUCCESS

CRITERIA
Learning Intention To become aware of and understand the Year 8 HPE
Library Research Pathway
- To learn how to access and use the subscription databases via the
SJFC Library
- To understand the importance of in-text citation and to
learn how to do this in your own assignments
Success Criteria
Be able to access the Library Catalogue, online databases and
Library Research Pathway
Be able to locate 3 useful resources you could use for your
assignment
Be able to correctly formulate a short paragraph from the resources
provided, and correctly use in-text citation in that paragraph

LIBRARY RESEARCH PATHWAY

Who knows how to get onto the Library Catalogue?
Who uses the catalogue to find information?
Library Research Pathway

REFERENCING
Why is referencing important?
What do we need to reference?
What DONT we have to reference?
(Image sourced from Creative Commons)

REFERENCING
Reference when you are using words or ideas from:
books and journal articles;
newspapers and magazines;
pamphlets or brochures;
films, documentaries, television programs or advertisements;
websites or electronic resources;
letters, emails, online discussion forums;
personal interviews;
lecturers or tutors (not always necessary, but check with your lecturer or
tutor about their preferences before you draw on their ideas).
when you reprint any diagrams, illustrations, charts or pictures.

No need to reference:
when you are writing your own observations or experiment results (for example, a
report on a field trip);
when you are writing about your own experiences (for example, a reflective journal);
when you are writing your own thoughts, comments or conclusions in an assignment;
when you are evaluating or offering your own analysis;
when you are using 'common knowledge' (facts that can be found in numerous places
and are likely to be known by a lot of people) or folklore;
when you are using generally accepted facts or information
(University of NSW, 2013).

HARVARD REFERENCING
SJFC Quick Referencing Guide

IN-TEXT REFERENCING
What are in-text citations?
When you include sources in your writing, you need to cite (or give credit
to) the original author. In-text citations allow authors to credit their sources
immediately after they quote them in the text. This method allows the
reader to immediately see the authors source.
When should in-text citations be used?
An author should include in-text citations whenever he or she directly
quotes, paraphrases or summarizes a source.

How are in-text citations generally formatted?

In-text citations appear directly after the quoted, paraphrased or summarized
material in parenthesis. The information within the parenthesis will vary
depending upon which referencing system the author is using. At SJFC we use
the Harvard system. Generally, in-text citations usually include the authors
name and page number of the source material.
What else should I know about in-text citations?
When citing research sources in the text, you will need to include a reference
list which will list all of your sources ALPHABETICALLY. The purpose of a
reference list is so the reader can look up your sources for further information.

 Citations or references are important because they are like the addresses
where the information resides. If we have the right address we can get
somewhere cool and useful. Otherwise we get LOST!

HERE ARE SOME EXAMPLES FROM QUT

LIBRARYS CITE-WRITE WEBSITE
When you add a citation into your text, you need to
include the following information:
author's family name or name of the corporate source
(organisation, government department, etc.)
year of publication - this is usually in the front pages of
a book or at the bottom of a web page (look for the
copyright symbol in the source)
page number to indicate where you found the
information. If there is no page number (e.g. on an
internet source) provide the paragraph number or the
title of the section heading. Please see the examples.
Summaries of information coming from many pages do
not require page numbers (e.g. a summary of an
argument put forward by an entire chapter, book, or
website).

Use quotation marks when copying the words exactly.

When you have multiple citations to support one
sentence:
separate authors with a semi-colon
there is no set rule regarding the order of the authors

provide the sources alphabetically

by author in the reference list.

In-text examples:

In an investigation with older drivers (Perryman and

Fitten 1996, 23)

Perryman and Fitten (1996, 23) conducted an

investigation with older drivers

Recent studies show that (Shaw 2008, 156-157;

Epstein and Hanson 2006, 34).

According to Ernst and Hua (2011, under "Health and

Wellbeing").

Ng and Shurtleff stated that "" (2015, para. 3).

HERES AN EXAMPLE
Heres some notes I might have taken from a couple of different sources:
McQuire, Amy. 2015. Gallipoli Could Never Define Australia Like This War Did. New Matilda,
April 22. Accessed April 28, 2016.
https://newmatilda.com/2015/04/22/gallipoli-could-never-define-australia-war-did /
Continuation of belief that Aboriginal tribes didnt declare war is being contested
Thousands of Aboriginal men, women, children died in Frontier Wars.
No mention in Australian War Memorial of these sacrifices.

Smith, Keith Vincent. 2003. Australias oldest murder mystery. Sydney Morning Herald,
November 1. Accessed April 28, 2016. http://
www.smh.com.au/articles/2003/11/01/1067597158244.html
Aboriginal resistance leader Pemulwuy shot 1802
From 1790 until death was scourge of the colony of NSW
Member of Bidjigal tribe

HERES A PARAGRAPH I MIGHT WRITE

FROM THESE NOTES
It has long been part of accepted Australian history that Aboriginal
Australians did not engage in active resistance when Europeans first
invaded their lands. Some writers and historians, however, are starting to
contest this concept, arguing that what occurred at the time of invasion
were a form of Frontier Wars (McQuire, 2015). Bidjigal tribal man
Pemulwuy is a recorded example of one of the resistance fighters who
attempted to defend Aboriginal lands against apparent invasion (Smith
2013). Keith Vincent Smith (2013) describes Pemulwuy as the scourge of
the colony, who, from around 1790 until his shooting death in 1802, led
attacks on NSW colonists.

NOW YOU TRY!

Locate two resources that would be useful for your assignment
Record the bibliographic information in the right way from the resources
provided
Take some notes from your two resources
Write a paragraph, or at least a few sentences, from the notes
Remember to IN-TEXT REFERENCE! Its easy! Its fun! Its what all the cool
kids are doing!