FARMING SYSTEM IN INDIA

OUTLINE
Indias agriculture
Indias contribution
Climate effect on farming system
Agricultural seasons
Types of farming system

INDIA AGRICULTURE
India agriculture has an extensive background which goes

back to at least 10 thousand years.

Currently our India holds the 2 nd position in the world.
In 2007, agriculture and other industries such as lumbering

and forestry made up more than 16% of Indias GDP.

Despite the steady decline in agricultures contribution to the

countrys GDP,India agriculture is the biggest industry in the

country.
It plays a key role in socioeconomic growth of the country.

Indias contribution
India is the 2nd biggest producer of wheat , rice, cotton ,

sugarcane , silk ,groundnuts etc.

Its also the 2nd biggest harvester of vegetables and fruit
representing 8.6% and 10.9% of overall production
respectively.
The major fruits produces by India are mangoes, papayas,
sapotas and bananas.
India also has the biggest number of livestock in the world.
In 2008, the country housed the 2nd largest number of cattle
in the world with 175 million.
Between 2003 and 2004, agriculture accounted for 22% of
Indias GDP and employed 58% of the countrys workforce
and continues to hold these statistics today.

CLICLIMATE EFFECT ON FARMING SYSTEM

Soil texture and climate is very important for farming

system for example-Gujrat , Rajasth,South Punjab and

northern Maharashtra all experience less than 50 c.m. of
rainfall annually. So they grow jowar , bajra and peas etc.

On the other hand west Bengal , parts of Bihar ,up and

Assam are experience an average of 100-200 c.m. of rainfall

so they grow rice , sugarcane and jute etc.

AGRICULTURAL SEASONS
There are two seasons in a year, the one is kharif or

summer season and the 2nd one is rabi season or the winter
season.
The kharif season starts in in june , seeds are sown in june
and july and crops are harvested in september and october.
The crops which require large quantity of water are
cultivated during the kharif season.
The main kharif crops are rice, sugarcane ,jute ,cotton ,
tobacco, maize etc.
These crops cover 65% of total area.

RABI SEASON
Rabi season starts in the middle of october,seeds are sown

in octoberand crops are harvested in march and april.

Crops which require less water are grown during the rabi

season.
The main rabi crops are wheat,barley ,gram,

mustard,linceed etc.
Rabi crops accounts for 33% of cropped area.

Types of farming system

DRY FARMING
Dry farming is a system under which farming is carried on in the

regions where the rainfall is scanty i.e. less than 50 c.m. annually.
Its followed in gujrat , rajasthan ,south punjab and nonorthern
maharashtra.
Ex. Jowar and bajra

HUMID FARMING
Humid farming is a system of farming practised in regions where

the rainfall is adequate i,.e. beetween 100 c.m. to 200 c.m.

without the help of irrigation.
Its followed in the west coast, west bengal ,parts of bihar , up
and assam.
Rice, sugarcane and jute etc are cultivated under this system.

Irrigation farming
Irrigation farming is a system of farming under which crops are

grown with the help of irrigation i.e. supply of water from

rivers, reservoirs, tanks etc.
Western UP, punjab, haryana,parts of bihar,
orissa,AP,tamilnadu etc.
Rice, sugarcane,cotton,wheat,tobacco etc.

Shifting cultivation
Shifting cultivation means the migratory subsistence farming.
Under this system a plot of land is cutivated for a few years

and then when the crop yields declines because of soil

exhaution ,is deserted for another area.
Assam, meghalaya,nagaland,manipur,tripura,mizoram.
Maize,buck wheat,small millets,root crops and vegetables.

Plantation farming
Plantation farming means the cultivation of a single cash crop in

plantations or estate on a large scale.

The tea plantation of a assam and west bengal, coffee plantation
of karnataka, kerala and tamilnadu and rubber plantation of kerala.

Single,double and multiple cropping

Single cropping- also known as mono cropping or mono culture.
tea, coffee etc.

double cropping- its a system under which two crops are raised
by the farmers from the same plot of land during the year.
Rice

Multiple cropping- its a system under which the farmer grown

more than two crops from the same plot of land during the year.
Cotton,tobacco,vegetables

Crop rotation
Its a system of farming under which different crops are

alternatively grown on the same land in a specific order.

For example leguminous crops like pulses are grown
alternatively with wheat, barley or mustard.

Arable farming
Its a system under which the farms are used only for for the

cultivation of crops i.e. food crops and cash crops.

For stock raising,poultry farming, sericulture,bee keeping
etc.

Mixed cropping

Mixed cropping means the cultivation of more

than one crop simultaneously on the same

piece of land.
The two crops are sown together but
harvested at different times because the
growth period of the plants of the different
crop vareites.

THANK YOU
BE PATIENCE IN LIFE ALWAYS