OXIDATION NUMBERS OF

NITROGEN

OBJECTIVES
Study

the redoks reaction of

nitric acid and nitrate salts, the
redoks rection of nitric acid and
redoks reactions of ammonia and
ammonia ions

introduction
Nitrogen

contained in the free atmosphere

( 78 % by volume ) . Besides the atmosphere
can also contain a small amount of ammonia
as a result of changes to the substance
containing nitrogen or nitric acid , especially
after halolontar . Nitrogen are also in salts
such as sodium and potassium nitrate .
Network organizations living nitrogen
-containing compounds in the form of protein
. Numbers oksidari nitrogen can be seen in
table

Bilangan Oksidasi

Senyawa

-3

NH3( ammonia)

-2

N2H4 (hidrazin)

-1

NH2OH (hidroksilamin)

N2 (dinitrogen)

+1

N2O (dinitrogen oksida)

+2

NOnitrogen oksida)

+3

N2O3 (dinitrogen trioksida)

+4

NO2 (nitrogen dioksida)

+5

HNO3 (asam nitrat)

Redox

(reduction / oxidation) is a term that

describes the change in oxidation number
(oxidation state) atoms in a chemical reaction.
This can be either a simple redox process such as
the oxidation of carbon to yield carbon dioxide, or
carbon reduction by hidrgen mngasilkan methane
(CH4), or it can be a complex process such as the
oxidation of sugar in the human body through a
series of complex electron transfer.
The term redox comes from the two konsep
reduction and oxidation. He can be easily explained
as follows:Oxidation describes the release of
electrons by a molecule, atom, or ion.Reduction
describes the addition of an electron by a molecule,
atom, or ion.

Nitrogen

(Latin nitrum, Yunan Nitrones language

means "soda asl", genes means "forming") was
officially discovered by Daniel Rutherford in 1772,
which called toxic air or air fixed.
Nitrogen elements can have several oxidation
numbers, +5, 0, -3 which is a oxidation number
three most common and stable among others.
There are two common nitrogen oxy acid, namely
nitric acid (HNO3) and nitrous acid (HNO2).
Nitric acid is a strong acid and a strong oxidizing.
Concentrated nitric acid can oxidize almost all
metals except Au, Pt, Rh and Ir. Nitric acid is less
stable than nitrate acid the and tend
disproporsionate be NO and HNO3. (Khirstian, 2001)

Equipment and materials

Equipment
1. Test tube
2. 250 mL beaker
3. 100mL erlenmeyer
4. Stirring bar

Material
1. Litmus indicator
2. 0,05 M sulfuric acid
3. Potassium nitrate
4. Copper nitrate
5. Ammonium dichromate
6. Aluminium metal
7. 0,05 M NaOH
8. 2M HNO3
Concentrated nitric acid
10.KI
11.KMNO4
12.Ice cube
9.

Work instruction
1.
a.

Redox reaction of nitric acid with nitrate

salt
The
nitric
Insertreaction
the copperof
metal
intoacid
a testwith copper
tube

Add a few drops of conxentrate

nitric acid. obverse
Dilute 2ml of nitric acid to obtain a
solution of nitric acid 7M
Add 3 pieces of copper. Note the
gas that is formed

b. Heating of nitrate salt

Heat a solid
KNO3 in test
tube
In a different test
tube,heat the Cu(NO3 )
2 solid. Cek the gas
and resudial solids
generated in a test
tube

Observe the
change that
occurate in both
tubes

c. Nitrate reduction in alkaline solution

Insert into a test

tube 2 ml of 2M
HNO3 and 5ml of
dilute NaOH
solution

Add 1 pieces of
metal Al, than
reheat. Check the
gas generated
using litmus
paper

2. Redox reaction of nitrous acid

a. Formation and redoks reactions of
nitric acid

Refrigerate 10ml of dilute sulfuric acid in a test

tube with ice for 4 minutes.
Enter the sulfuric acid into the tube containing
1g of NaNO3

Note the color of the solution

Divide the solution into three parts. Heat the tube

first and then observe the gas that is formed
Into the second tube, add a little KI. Observe the
change
Into the third tube, add KMO4 and observe the
changes