Journal Reading

Cataract and quality of life in patients with glaucoma

Simon E Skalicky FRANZCO,1,2,4,7 Keith R Martin FRCOphth,2,3 Eva Fenwick PhD,4 Jonathan G
Crowston FRANZCO,4 Ivan Goldberg FRANZCO AM1,5,6 and Peter McCluskey FRANZCO1,6
1Discipline of Ophthalmology, University of Sydney, 5Eye Associates, 6Sydney Eye Hospital,
Sydney, New South Wales, and 4Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne,
Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; 2Department of Ophthalmology, Addenbrookes Hospital and
3Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK;
7Departments of Ophthalmology and Surgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne

Pembimbing:
Dr. Retno Wahyuningsih

Eka Henny Suryani

ABSTRACT
Background

ABSTRACT
Methods

ABSTRACT
Results

INTRODUCTION

In 2010, 60.5 million people had glaucoma; by

INTRODUCTION
can be used to help

METHODS

Assessment of QoL
QoL was assessed by the GAL-9.
The Glaucoma Quality of Life-15 was
further rened by Rasch analysis
The GAL-9 comprises nine items that
correlate with severity of visual eld loss.
Each item-level response on a scale of 1-5
1 : no difculty,
5 : signies severe difculty.

Assessment of other risk

factors
Sociodemographic details

age (years)
gender
education level
employment status
marital status
ethnicity

Rasch analysis of the GAL-9

Rasch analysis was used to assess the
psychometric properties of the GAL-9 using the
Andrich rating scale model with Winsteps
software (version 3.81)
During Rasch analysis, ordinal questionnaire
summary scores are transformed into interval
measures (expressed in log of the odds units, or
logits)

Statistical analysis
Statistical analyses were conducted using
Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS)
Demographic variables, better eye visual
parameters (VA, VFI, MD, PSD), mean binocular
LOCS scores and GAL-9 (logit) score were
compared among the four glaucoma severity
groups

assessed using the nonparametric

Variables with strong (>0.8) correlations with each

Factors

RESULTS
Two hundred forty-two participants were
enrolled in the study: 50 (20.7%) control
subjects, 67 (27.7%) mild, 80 (33.1 %)
moderate and 45 (16.6%) severe glaucoma
patients.
Better eye visual eld parameters (MD, PSD
and VFI) deteriorated as glaucoma severity
increased

 Fifty-six (23.2%) patients had at least one

visually signicant cataract.
Multivariate analysis revealed that the
presence of at least one visually signicant
cataract (regression coefcient []: 1.19, 95%
condence interval: 1.04 1.34, P = 0.011) and
better eye VFI (: 1.47, 95% condence
interval: 1.361.88, P < 0.001

DISCUSSION
found that presence of cataract is signicantly
associated GAL-9 (logit) score in patients with glaucoma

Despite
LOCS IIIthese
criteria
potential
can be limitations,
considered as
cataract
a guide
should
for timing
be viewed
of cataract
as an surgery
important,
for