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ANITA DWI ISMAYATI

(151310003)

ANNISA SYAWALIYA

(151310004)

ASA QURROTUL AIN

(151310005)

CHITRA WAHYUNING K.W

(151310006)

DHONI ISKANDAR

(151310007)

DIAJENG PUSPITA P

(151310008)

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
Definition
The human respiratory system is a series
of organs responsible for taking in
oxygen and expelling carbon dioxide.
The primary organs of the respiratory
system are lungs, which carry out the
exchange of gases as we breathe.
The process of breathing in and out
through respiratory system is called
respiration

Primary Function of Respiratory

System
The respiratory system supplies the
blood with oxygen so that the blood
can deliver oxygen to all parts of the
body
Removes carbondioxide waste that
cells produced
provides oxygen from the air for cells
to change food into energy.

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM STRUCTURE

Nasal Cavity: passes air through nose

Pharynx: the throat, cone shaped passageaway

leading to trachea

Trachea: windpipe, main tube connecting nose/mouth

to lungs

Lungs: main organ of the respiratory system

Bronchi: two tubes inside of lungs that air passes

through to the bronchioles

Bronchioles: small branching out tubes divided into

alveoli

Alveoli: tiny air sacs that do the oxidation and the

exhale of carbondioxide

Cilia: hair like structures that remove dust and dirt

from the air

HOW THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

WORKS

Air that flows from the mouth or nasal

cavity travels through the pharynx and
moves down to the trachea. Then the
air moves to the bronchi tubes as they
enter the lungs. Once the air gets in the
lungs, the air enters separate branches
called the bronchiole. Carbon dioxide
passes from the blood into the alveoli
and then exhaled.

MECHANICS OF BREATHING EXPIRATION

Breathe out
The diaphragm expand and relax
Volume in the thoracic cavity decreases
The lungs compressed
Air pressure in the lungs increased
The air out of the lungs

MECHANICS OF BREATHING INSPIRATION

Breathe in, the diaphragm contracts and
flattens volume in the thoracic cavity
increased
The lungs expand
Air pressure in the lungs decreased
The difference in air pressure causes air to
rush into the lungs

DISEASES OF THE RESPIRATORY

SYSTEM

Asthma
Lung cancer
Bronchitis
Sinusitis
Pneumonia
Flu
Tuberculosis
etc

COUGH
Definition
Cough is an protective mechanism that
ensures the removal of mucus, noxious
substances, and infectious organisms
from the larynx, trachea, and large
bronchi .
Cough is an explosive expiration that
provides a normal protective mechanism
for clearing foreign material.

MECHANISM
Coughing may be initiated reflexively.
As a defensive reflex it has both afferent
and efferent pathways .
The cough starts with a deep inspiration
followed by glottic closure, relaxation of
the diaphragm, and muscle contraction
against a closed glottis.

CATEGORIES OF COUGH
Productive cough
outcomes within the discharge associated
with sputum as well as mucus, whereas the
particular latter is merely an irritation inside
the lungs caused by some additional reasons.
Dry hacking cough (unproductive)
can be most often seen in the actual
direction of the later phases of the common
cold, and may be also caused by a few
external irritants like smoke as well as dust.

THE CAUTION OF COUGH

Generally caused by an infection in the upper
respiratory tract which is a symptom of the flu.
Allergies
The foreign objects that enter into the airways
Breathing the smoke from people around us

SPUTUM
Definition
It is a secretion that is produced in the lungs
and the bronchi.
This mucus-like secretion may become
infected, blood stained, or contain abnormal
cells that may lead to a diagnosis

THE CAUTION OF SPUTUM

Sputum symptoms can be caused by a variety
of mild to serious conditions.
o Infections
o malignant (cancer)
o airway obstruction
o etc

HOW TO KEEP YOUR RESPIRATORY

SYSTEM HEALTHY
Try to Avoid:
-Smoking
-Being around a smoker(SecondHand)
-Inhaling other chemicals and drugs.
-Being around dusty or thick polluted air.
What to do:
- Exercise
- Eat healthy
- Go to annual doctor checking up

THANK YOU!