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INTRODUCTI

ON
TO
INTERNET

INTERNET
TheInternetis
a
global
system
of
interconnectedcomputer networksthat use
the standardInternet protocol suiteto link
several billion devices worldwide. It is an
internationalnetwork
of
networksthat
consists of millions of private, public,
academic, business, and governmentpacket
switchednetworks, linked by a broad array
of
electronic,
wireless,
and
optical
networking technologies.

WEB
- Is a series of interconnected documents
called Web Pages.
- www.facebook.com
- It is commonly known as The Web.
- Using the web is like browsing an
expansive electronic library where you can
surf from one website to another, from
document to document, and open
multimedia files using simple mouse
clicks, thus accessing a wealth of

Web browser
- Is a computer software that enables you
to browse and navigate World Wide Web
documents or Web pages.
- Is a software application for retrieving
information, presenting, and traversing
information resources on the www.
- Commonly referred to as browser

Elements of computer
- Hardware tangible parts of
computer, can be touched and seen.

the

- Software intangible parts of


computer; the programs inside
computer

the
the

- Peopleware- the people/person using the


computer

An Information Resource is identified by a


Uniform Resource Identifier (URI/URL) and
may be a web pages, image, video and
other piece of content.

Types of Web
browser

Examples of Web browser

Mozilla firefox
Google chrome
Internet explorer
Netscape
Opera
safari

Parts of Web a
browser

Parts of url

Web server)
- Is a computer on the World Wide Web that
hosts HTML-tagged documents, graphics
and multimedia files that may be
accessed or downloaded by client browser.
- Example of web server(s) are:

Apache HTTP Server


Microsoft Internet
Services (IIS)

Information

Sun Java System Web Server

websites)
- Are interlinked web pages
with a common theme or
focus.
- A location connected to
the Internet that maintains
one or more pages in the

Types of websites)
Facebook, Twitter, Tumbler,
Youtube, Personal Blogs or
Websites, Business Sites,
Company Sites

Home page
- Is the main Web page that
users see when they visit a
particular site.

websites)
- Are interlinked web pages
with a common theme or
focus.
- A location connected to
the Internet that maintains
one or more pages in the

Internet service
provider)
- Is a firm that provides
access to the Internet for
users,
usually
via
telephone lines or wireless
communication.

Evolution
of the
Internet

1957
USSR launches Sputnik, first
artificial earth satellite.
In
response,
US
forms
the
Advanced
Research
Projects
Agency
(ARPA)
within
the
Department of Defense (DoD) to
establish US lead in science and
technology
applicable
to
the
military.

1962 - 1968
Packet-switching (PS) networks
developed
What is Packet Switching?
It is the transmitting
routing of data

and

1969
Birth of Internet
ARPANET commissioned by DoD for
research into networking
First node at UCLA (Los Angeles)
closely followed by nodes at
Stanford Research Institute, UCSB
(Santa Barbara) and U of Utah (4
Nodes).
Node(s) - terminal or point in

1971
-People communicate over a
network
- E-mail invented -- a program to
send messages across a distributed
network.

1972
Computers can connect
more freely and easily
First public demonstration of
ARPANET between 40
machines

1973
First international
connections to the ARPANET
File Transfer protocol
specified -- how computers
send and receive data.

Who invented the Internet?


Leonard Kleinrock who did early work in

packet switching
Vint Cerf and Robert Kahn who defined the

"Internet Protocol" (IP) and participated in


the development of TCP
Tim Berners-Lee who developed HTTP to

support a global hyper-text system he called


the World Wide Web (Internet vs the World
Wide Web)
-26

Fathers of internet

Vinton Cerf and Robert Kahn

Packet-switching

Leonard Kleinrock

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