KERANGKA TEORI

KERANGKA KONSEP
KERANGKA KAJIAN
Raja Nadia binti Raja Ismail (P82668)
Nor Farahin binti Taib (P82658)

KERANGKA TEORI
(theoretical framework)

KERANGKA TEORI
Memberikan gambaran tentang teori-teori yang digunapakai
dalam kajian yang akan dilakukan

It consist of concepts, together with their definition and

reference to relevant scholarly literature, existing theory that
is used for your particular study

It provides a rationale for predictions about the relationships

among the variables of a research studies.

Teori
Konsep atau definisi yang menggambarkan fenomena secara
sistematik melalui hubungan antara variable (pembolehubah)
dengan tujuan menjelaskan fenomena alam

Satu generalisasi di mana kita cuba untuk menjelaskan

fenomena dalam cara yang sistematik.

Theories are constructed in order to explain, predict and

master phenomena (relationship, events, behavior)

Peranan kerangka teori dalam

penyelidikan
Menjadi kerangka pemikiran dalam penyelidikan

Membantu penyelidik dalam menyusun hipotesis kajian

Membangunkan idea-idea yang diperoleh daripada dapatan

kajian

 helps the researcher to see clearly the variables of the study

Provide the researcher with the general framework for data

analysis

Explanation of the theoretical framework helps the reader

understand your perspective and context

Developing the frameworks

1. Examine the thesis title and research problem
Anchors the entire study
Forms the basis to construct your theoretical framework

2. Brainstorm about what you consider to be the key variables

in your research
What factors contribute to the presumed effect?

3. Review related literature

Find how scholars have addressed your research question

4. List the variables

Lists all variable that relevant to the study
Group these variable into independent and dependent categories

5. Review key social science theories

Theories that are introduced in the course reading
Choose the best theory that explain the relationship between the
variables

6. Discuss the assumption or proposition of theories

Point out the relevance to your research

KERANGKA KONSEP
(conceptual framework)

Kerangka Konsep
Hubungan antara konsep atau variable yang akan diteliti dan diukur
melalui penyelidikan.

Penyelidik menghubungkan secara logic beberapa factor atau variable

penting dalam kajiannya

Sistem yang terdiri daripada konsep asas yang saling berhubungan antara
satu sama lain.

 Menjelaskan bagaimana teori berhubung dengan variable yang dikaji;

sama ada variable bebas (independent) atau variable terikat (dependent)

It is used in research to outline possible courses or action or to present a

preferred approach to an idea or thought

Through the conceptual framework, researcher can be able to show the

relationship of the different constructs that he wants to investigate

Purpose of Conceptual Framework

To clarify concepts and propose relationship among the concepts in a
study

Provide a context for interpreting the findings

Explain observations

Encourage theory development that is useful to practice.

Kerangka Konsep yang baik

Variable yang dikaji perlu jelas

Menjelaskan hubungan antara variable yang dikaji, dan mempunyai toeri

yang menyokongnya

KERANGKA KAJIAN
(research framework)

Kerangka Kajian
A collection of things to ask and observe in particular context, along with
the contextual appropriate techniques for doing so

Includes process for integrating research/data

Includes a specific methodogies for making of the raw research

 A collection of things to ask and observe in particular context, along with

the contextual appropriate techniques for doing so

Includes process for integrating research/data

Includes a specific methodogies for making of the raw research

Description of background information and research question

A general research framework

there are some common elements to research projects which can be used
to shape the whole activity.
Problem
Question
Hypothesis
Design
Data
Analysis
conclusion

 Problem
o Starts with a problem that had been determined within their
broad area of interest
o Indication of something hidden that might be revealed by study
o An apparent relationship between items which is not explained
by current theories

 Question
o Creates focus and may require a significant thinning down the
original problem
Hypothesis
o Converting the question into a predictive form

 Design
o Critical stages as an incorrect design will produce invalid and
useless data which false conclusion can be drawn
o It is to determine a method which creates accurate and unbiased
data which valid conclusion can be drawn

 Data
o Shows what data is needed and how the data will be collected
o Choosing the right data has a very significant effect on the
analysis and conclusion

 Analysis
o Turning the data into useful information
o It can be quite sophisticated as there are many tripwires where
information derived is not as significant as might be supposed

 Conclusion
o The analysis is reviewed and specific conclusions drawn that
relate to the original question and hypothesis
o This can include conclusion about:
The existent or not of something
Correlation between two variables

Click icon to add picture

http://
www.slideshare.net/adityasetyawan/tinjauan-pustaka-kerangka-teorikerangka-konsep-penelitian
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www.slideshare.net/rsmehta/conceptual-and-theoretical-framework
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-konseptual-dan-hipotesis
/
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www.slideshare.net/ludymae/chapter-6theoretical-conceptual-frame
work?next_slideshow=1

http://
www.slideshare.net/HeyImAra/theoretical-framework-26643717?next_slid
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d=1
http://coe.alasu.edu/ncate/ConceptualFramework/default.htm
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changingminds.org/explanations/research/design/general_framework.htm
http://www.ixda.org/node/18705