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W ATE R B O D I E S
T R E ATM E N T
A I N S O F E A S YA H I R A H B T M A H A D I ( D 2 0 1 4 1 0 6 6 8 9 1 )
N U R FA R R A H N A J I H A H B T A M I R ( D 2 0 1 4 1 0 6 6 8 7 3 )
N A D Z A T U L E LY A B T M D F U A D ( D 2 0 1 4 1 0 6 6 8 8 1 )
WONG PUI YEE (D20141066893)
INTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVES
To determine if aquatic plant, could improve water quality in water
bodies.
To study the role of macrophytes in improving the quality of water.
Lemnoideae
Ipomea
aquatica
Elodea
METHODS
Plant materials
Plant samples which are Ipomoea Aquatica (Water Spinach),
Elodea sp. and Lemnoideae (Duckweed), are collected.
The plant samples are cleaned under running tap water and
distilled water to remove debris from the roots and leaves.
Preparation of water samples
The water samples from the lake are collected and placed it
inside the pot or beaker.
Water quality test method
The pH, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical
Oxygen Demand (COD) and content of waste substance inside
the water sample are measured and recorded.
METHODS
The plant is placed into the pot which containing water
samples.
The plant and water samples are left for a week with regular
observations.
The level of BOD, COD and content of waste substances are
measured and recorded again after 1 week.
The wet mass of water treatment plants are also been
measured and recorded after experiment ended.
Reading
5.60
1.19
3.15
Light tea-colored
Foul odor
Ipomea Aquatica
Elodea
60g
Lemnoideae
40s
Day/Wate
r quality
test
pH
Turbidity
(FTU)
Biological
Oxygen
Demand
(BOD)
Color of
water
Odor
Day 1
A
B
C
RESULTS AND
OBSERVATION
Day 2
Day 3
Day 4
A
B
C
Day 5
A
B
C
2.5
9
3.2
7
Clear water
Odorless
Ipomea Aquatica
300 g
Elodea
60g
Lemnoideae
40s
Water treatment
plants
Ipomea Aquatica
Elodea
Lemnoideae
310 g
80g
78s
BEFORE
AFTER
SUMMAR
Y
Ipomea
Aquatica
Elodea
Count
Sum
Average
14.72
17.52
4.9066666
67
5.84
Varianc
e
4.1900
33
5.7411
Lemnoide
ae
16.34
5.4466666
67
2.2340
33
pH
22.32
7.44
0.1884
Turbidity
(FTU)
BOD
(mg/l)
14.45
11.81
4.8166666
67
3.9366666
67
2.2817
33
0.3889
33
SS
df
MS
P-value
F crit
1.3174
22
19.929
62
4.4007
11
0.6587111
11
9.9648111
11
1.1001777
78
0.5987
32
9.0574
55
0.59229
4
0.0327
15
6.9442
72
6.9442
72
ANOVA
Source of
Variation
Rows
Columns
Error
2
4
Summary and
Analysis of
Variance
(ANOVA)
between
potential
semiaquatic
and aquatic
plants with
water quality
test
Graph of water quality test against potential aquatic and semiaquatic plant (mean+s.e)
9
8
7
6
pH
5
Turbidity (FTU)
BOD (mg/l)
3
2
1
0
Ipomea aquatica
Elodea
Lemnoidaea
Angle Length
-39.094 0.346
Area
0.014
0.021
0.012
Mean
61.667
108.513
74.025
Min
28.828
25.825
39.593
Max
186.984
211.982
183.651
Angle
4.054
-4.308
2.621
Length
3.21
5.086
2.936
Area
2.47E-04
2.64E-04
3.35E-04
3.00E-04
2.64E-04
2.64E-04
3.70E-04
4.41E-04
2.82E-04
1.41E-04
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Mean
88.142
102.947
94.656
93.32
111.422
91.896
107.572
104.494
97.88
78.746
Min
71.849
74.436
67.551
81.334
84.32
71.187
76.629
72.651
79.572
61.37
Max
Angle
109.101 75.964
137.524 72.897
149.902 47.291
124.477 -50.194
148.77 36.027
108.396 98.13
135.583 20.225
160.869 34.38
129.27 101.31
114.574
90
Average
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Average
Area
0.003
0.003
0.002
0.003
0.002
0.002
0.001
0.002
0.002
0.003
Mean
117.514
122.575
135.592
127.008
130.457
135.882
120.168
131.201
134.784
128.946
Min
95.095
109.586
104.797
98.753
117.068
121.562
108.296
113.602
121.215
111.667
Max
139.435
132.674
154.611
149.628
147.667
142.574
132.11
152.109
139.889
142.333
Length
0.053
0.058
0.077
0.066
0.057
0.057
0.083
0.099
0.064
0.031
0.0645
Angle
Length
-120.964 0.685
-71.692 0.602
-92.675 0.448
-79.035 0.684
-90
0.414
-76.115 0.386
-66.176 0.354
-95.711 0.461
-80.256 0.421
-90
0.638
0.5093
Protist
Bacteria
ELODEA
CANADENSI
S
b)
enhance the removal of pollutants by consuming part of them in the form of plant
nutrients.
c)
provide a substrate for bacterial attachment, and their vascular lacunae act as a
conduit for
a. due to the absorption of organic compound in waste water by the roots of Elodea.
b. Elodea activities involving microorganisms that can break down the organic
compounds in the process Phytoremediation
c.
oxidation of organic matter in wetlands system that provides energy for microbial
metabolism.
Turbidity
Jiang and Xinyaun, 1998 Absorption and filtration of suspended solid by submerged plant in Elodea unit
could increase suspended removal efficiency to be higher than in the
control unit without plant.
pH
Sawyer, Mccarty and Parkin, 1994 The alkalinity forms change as the following equations:
2HCO3- CO32- + H2O + CO2
CO32- + H2O 2OH- + CO2
So, removal of carbon dioxide cause a shift in the form of alkalinity present from
bicarbonate to carbonate, and from carbonate to hydroxide.
LEMNOIDEAE
(DUCKWEEDS
)
LEMNOIDEAE
IPOMOEA
A Q UAT I C A
( WAT E R
SPINACH OR
K A N G KO N G )
HYDROPONIC CONCEPT
RESULT
Weight
Before exp=300g
After exp 310g
pH= 8.23
Turbidity=3.78mg/L
BOD=4.83
DISCUSSION
This technique known as phytoremediation (using plant-based
system and microbiological process to treat contaminants in a
water treatment)
Ipomoea Aquatica is a aquatic and semiaquatic plant
Floating leaves that can carry out photosynthesis
CONCLUSION
Elodea is the effective plant that can treat water bodies based
on this experiment.
Because it reduce BOD in the water, reduce the pH to neutral
and reduce the turbidity of the water.
However, other plants like Kangkung and duckweed is also
good aquatic plant for water treatment but the most effective
is Elodea.
THANK YOU!