2010

18.8M diagnosed case

7M undiagnosed case

ADA National Diabetes Statistics Report. June 2014

2008: 20% Filipino have diabetes

1998: 4% of the population have
diabetes
Over 7M Filipinos by 2030

QCGH?

Philippine Diabetes Statistics 2012

Prevalence of Diabetes
and Prediabetes among
Quezon City General
Hospital and Medical
Center Employees
Eduard Cesar Marquez, M.D.
Department of Internal Medicine

2013
over 382 million people throughout the world had diabetes.

Filipino- Americans 11.3% rates of

diabetes
ADA- National Diabetes statistic report June 2014, edited september 2014

Prediabetes
FBS(100-125mg/dl)
RBS (140-199mg/dl)
2 hours post prandial
glucose test (140199mg/dl)
HbA1c (5.7-6.4%)

COMPLICATIONS OF DIABETES

Research Question
What is the prevalence of diabetes and pre
diabetes among QCGH employees?

What risk factors are the highest predictors for

the development of diabetes and prediabetes?

What is the best screening procedure that will

give the highest yield?

What is the importance of screening for diabetes

and pre diabetes?

Objective
General objectives:

To determine the prevalence of diabetes and

pre diabetes among QCGH employees

To determine the different risk factors which

highly correlates with the development of
diabetes and prediabetes.

Objective
Specific objectives:

To study the prevalence of diabetes and

prediabetes using the ADA questionnaire as
screening tool.

To verify those that tested positive in the ADA

screening questionnaire with standard
laboratory parameters.

To apply the same ADA screening

questionnaire among those diagnosed to
have diabetes mellitus.

Methodology
A.

Setting and time period:

Quezon City General Hospital and Medical
Center.
April 2014- June 2014

Methodology
Study population:
Inclusion criteria
Filipino
QCGH employee
35 years old and above
Signed informed consent
Diagnosed diabetic

Methodology
Exclusion criteria

Not a regular employee of QCGH

Age less than 35 years old
Currently taking medications that can affect
blood glucose level

Population Size
Total QCGH Employees =711
<35=361

35 =350

Sample size based on Slovins Formula

= 187 (95% confidence interval)

Female 85

Male 102

Age
> 5 points : At risk
Gender
Hx of GDM
Hx Hypertension
Physical Activity
Weight

74% sensitivity and 58%

specificity

QCGH EMPLOYEES

Research
Maneuver

Diagnosed DM

< 35 y/o

Answer ADA questionnaire: no further

test needed regardless of the result

>35 y/o
(-) risk
(<5 pts ADA
questionnaire)

(+) risk
(>5pts ADA questionnaire)

FBS (8-10 hrs)or RBS

FBS< 100mg/dl
RBS <140mg/dl

Not included

FBS100-125mg/dl
RBS140-200mg/dl

For rpt FBS or 2 hrs

post glucose

FBS>126mg/dl
RBS >200mg/dl

Repeat FBS
negative

positive

Recommend rpt FBS or 2

hrs post glucose

Refer to
employees
clinic for eval
and
treatment

RESULTS AND
DISCUSSION

711 Employees
>35
N=136

N=350

Undiagnosed DM

N=187

<35
N=51

Diagnosed DM

ADA screening tool

N=51

<5 pts

>5 pts

N=110

N=26

No further test

N=361

Distribution of Respondents Based on the Risk of having Diabetes

Item

Frequency

Risk of pre Diabetes or Diabetes (>5pts ADA)

26

13.90

No risk of Diabetes at all (<5 pts ADA)

110

58.82

Diagnosed to have diabetes

51

27.27

Results and Discussion

26 subject at risk for DM
8%

Prediabetes

15%
4

No Risk of Diabetes
46%

31%

12

Newly Diagnosed
DM
Not Consented
2.1% newly diagnosed diabetics
6.4% pre diabetics

15-30% with pre diabetes will

develop type 2 DM with 5 years.
Lose 5%-7% of BW

CDC. National Diabetes Prevention Program.

Summary of Values showing the result of Significant Correlation of each

variable using Multivariate Analysis of Variance
SUMMARY
Groups

Count

Sum

Average

Correlation

Age

187

187

54.988

2.00232

Gender

187

187

72.778

5.02332

Gestational Diabetes

187

187

45.667

6.02355

Medical History

187

187

33.0253

2.02231

Hypertension

187

187

20.252

3.35526

Marginal
Value:<4.9

Distribution of Respondents Based on Age

Scores >5pts

Age

Frequency

35 39

55

29.41

10

18.2

40 44

40

21.39

12

30.0

45 49

16

8.55

43.8

50 59

70

37.43

41

58.6

Summary
1. Out of 711 employees, 187 were included in the
study.
2. Out of this sample size, 26 subjects were found to
be at risk to develop diabetes based on the ADA.
3. 6.4% of the study population was found to be
prediabetic.
4. 2.1% were newly diagnosed diabetics.
5. QCGH have a 29% Prevalence rate of Diabetes

Summary
6.

Based on the study, age and weight strongly

correlates with increased risk of developing
diabetes.

7.

The ADA screening tool is a reproducible screening

test which can be adapted to the local setting .

8.

Screening for pre-diabetes and diabetes should be

mandatory for all employees aged 35 and above
especially if other risk factors were identified.

Recommendation
1. Based on the result of the study, we may adopt to use
the ADA questionnaire in assessing the risk of patient
to developed diabetes.
2. Early intervention with lifestyle modification among
those at risk is suggested.
3. A more extensive study, perhaps Barangay-wide, or
one which would include the entire employees of
Quezon City be undertaken to ascertain the population
at risk.