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Earthquakes
Landslides
Volcanic eruptions
Glacier Calving
Meteorite
Tsunami generated by
landslides
These phenomena rapidly displace
large water volumes, as energy from
falling debris or expansion transfers
to the water at a rate faster than the
water can absorb.
This
sudden
change
and
displacement of the water column
transfers to kinetic energy and
results in waves. More debris can
create a bigger increase in wave
amplitude and number.
Local Tsunami
A tsunami from a nearby source for
which its destructive effects are
confined to coasts within 100 km or
less than 1 hour tsunami travel time
from its source
Regional Tsunami
A tsunami capable of destruction in a
particular geographic region,
generally within 1,000 km or 1-3
hours tsunami travel time from its
source.
Regional tsunamis also occasionally
have very limited and localized
effects outside the region.
Ocean-wide tsunami
A tsunami capable of widespread destruction,
not only in the immediate region of its
generation, but across an entire ocean
It is generally more than 1,000 km or more than
3 hours tsunami travel time from its source.
In the last 200 years, there have been at least
26 destructive ocean-wide tsunamis and 9 have
caused fatalities more than 1,000 kilometres
from the source.
MEGATSUNAMI
Megatsunami also known as iminami which means
purification wave is an informal term to describe
atsunamithat has initialwave heights measured in
several tens, hundreds, or possibly thousands of meters
Theasteroidwhich created theChicxulub
craterinYucatanapproximately 65 million years ago
would have generated megatsunamis as high as 3
kilometers (1.9mi); enough to completely inundate even
large islands such asMadagascar.
The impactor had an estimated diameter of 10km
(6.2mi) and the crater is more than 180km in diameter