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Slide 2
Value
20 psf
20 psf
60 psf
80 psf
10 psf
40 psf
5 psf
150 mph, Risk
Category II
C
D
0.47
1.50
4
East Wall Elevation
Ex1 Loads
Roof Load: DL = 11,900 lb
LL = 11,500 lb
uplift = 31,700 lb
Ex1 Loads
Using loads
determine Critical P,
M and V at support
and at mid-height of
walls for all load
cases
D +F
D + H+ F+L
D + H +F+(Lr or S or R)
D +H+F+0.75(L) + 0.75(Lr or S or R)
D +H+F+(0.6W or 0.7E)
D +H+F+0.75(0.6W) + 0.75L+0.75(Lr or S or R)
D +H+F+0.75(0.7E) + 0.75L+0.75(S)
0.6D +0.6W + H
0.6(D+F) +H + 0.7E
No increase for E or W any more with Stress
Recalibration Even with alternative load cases
Slide 10
Tension
Grade 40 or 50
20,000 psi
Grade 60
32,000 psi
Wire joint reinforcement
30,000 psi
Compression
Slide 11
Slide 12
h
Pa (0.25 f An 0.65 Ast Fs ) 1
140r
'
m
70r
Pa (0.25 f An 0.65 Ast Fs )
h
'
m
h
99
for
r
h
for 99
r
Slide 13
In design we generally:
Check if shear can be resisted entirely by
masonry. If not, increase cross section or,
Add shear reinforcement. Check shear stress.
If still no good, increase cross section.
Slide 14
V
fv
Anv
(8 - 24)
Fv Fvm Fvs g
(8 - 25)
10.75 for partially grouted shear walls, 1.0
otherwise.
g
Slide 15
M / Vd 1
v
Fv 2 f m' g
(8 - 26)
(8 - 27)
Vd
v
Slide 16
Fv 1
M
4 1.75
4
Vd
v
P
f 0.25 , (8 - 29)
An
'
m
Fv 1
M
4 1.75
2
Vd v
P
f 0.25 , (8 - 28)
An
'
m
Av Fs d v
Fvs 0.5
Anv s
(8 - 30)
kd
jd
fv bdx
T
n = Es/Em and from equil.
Ms= Asfsjd (at the limit) = AsFsjd
Mm = bjkd2fm (at limit)= bjkd2Fb
fs/n Fs/n
k ( n ) 2 2( n ) n
j 1 k / 3
A
s
bd
19
20
CL
21
S = bd2/6
'
m
70r
for
h
99
r
23
Load
Load
h/2
Effective Length
Effective Effective
Length Length
Slide 24
Load
1
Effective
Length
Effective
Length
Slide 25
beff
& T= As x fs
beff
fs/n
27
Slide 28
Range A
Range B
Can get a three point interaction
diagram easily
Most walls have low axial loads
Capacity
envelop letting
fs = Fs
Ms Mm
Range C
Capacity envelop letting fm1 = Fb
Moment M
29
30
Range C
Range B
Slide 32
70r
Fs = 32,000
70(2.2)
21x12
for
h
99
r
Pa (0.25) 2000)
Slide 33
fb=Fb = 900
Cmas=0.5x0.4(3.81)(12)(900)
Slide 35
Capacity
D + Lr
D + .6W:
D-.7E
D + 0.75 (.6)W + 0.75 Lr
D - 0.75 (0.7E)
0.6 D + .6W:
0.6 D +0.7 E:
Slide 36
8
North Wall 2
North Wall 1
East Wall
West wall
22
VD1N2
East Wall 2
Diaphragm 1
North Wall 1
VD1N1
VD1E2
VD1E1
East
Wall 1
East Wall 1
West
Wall
West Wall
Diaphragm2
Diaphragm 2
VD2S
South Wall
37
VD2W
VD2E1
VD2N1
160.8 kips
Diaphragm
Shear
due to
seismic
10
10
39
h'
h'
k c Em t 4 3
l w
l w
3
h'
h'
kc Emt 3
lw
lw
3
40
41
22
22
Ri 10 4
3
12
12
3
1.715
Vi 160.8
10.687
42
Segment 2 Designed in later Example
43
44
V= base shear
L
P
M = overturning moment
46
V= base shear
P- self weight only ignore
47
fsn/N<= Fs/N
Compression
f*si/N
k*d*
fsi/N
fsi/N
fsi/N
fsi/N
fsi/N
fsi/N
fsi/N
fsi/N
Fs1/N
Fsc/N
Tsn= Fs As
Ti
Ti
Ti
Ti
Ti
Ti
Ti
Ti
T1
fm
Cm
V= base shear
48
49
50
VD
25-4
VP
22-0
12-8
fm = 1500 psi
24-0
51
24
24
d 12 in (24 ft 12 in / ft ) 12 in 276 in
s
Assume that j = 0.9 The required area of reinforcing steel can be calculated
as:
5,630,000 lb in
M
M
5
,
630
,
000
lb 2 in
M As Fs jd
As req 'd
0.944 in 2 2
Asreq
Es
29000000
n
21.48 21.5
Em 900(1500)
54
As
0.93 in 2
0.000442
bd 7.63 in 276 in
Calculate j and k:
k
0.129
j 1 1
0.957
3
3
You need to get the stress at the centroid based on the extreme bar fs=Fs
276-kd
x 32,000 31,476 psi Should get third bar stress then Moments but M
280 kd
M 0.93 in 2 31,476 lb in 2 0.957 276 in 7,732,000 lb in 5,630,000 lb in ok
Check Masonry Compression Stresses
fb
M
5,630,000
55
M
1
Fvm
4 1.75
2
Vd
P
f 0.25
An
'
m
5,630,000
0
1
1500 0.25
4 1.75
2
An
23,700 ( 276 )
V
23,700lb
fv
57
24
24
roof
diaphragm
#4 bars around
openings
#4 bar (min)
within 8 in. of
corners &
ends of walls
24 in. or 40 db
past opening
#4 bar (min) @
diaphragms
continuous
through control
joint
#4 bar (min)
within 8 in. of
all control joints
control joint
#4 bars @ 10 ft oc
Seismic Design:
TMS 402 Chapter 7
Slide 60
roof
diaphragm
#4 bar (min) @
diaphragms
continuous
through control
joint
#4 bar (min)
within 8 in. of
all control joints
control joint
#4 bars @ 4 ft oc
#4 bars @ 4 ft oc
Slide 61
Slide 62