Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
Modern India now has over 2000 ethnic groups. Modern Indian languages
have evolved from all the worlds four language families. Indo-European,
Dravidian, Austro-Asiatic and Tibeto-Burman. India has 1652 individual
mother tongues. 30 languages are spoken by over a million each, and
122 by over 10,000 each.
India has almost 1.2 billion people, and the Union of India consists of 32 States
and Union Territories. The biggest of these is Uttar Pradesh with a population of
199.6 million or 16.49% of Indias. It is as big as Brazil. The smallest political unit
is Lakshadweep which has just 64,000 (0.01%)
In late 2012 India became the worlds third largest economy in PPP terms
and has grown at an average rate of over 7.4% during 2004-14 and GDP from
about $750 bn to $2 trl. Between 2008-11 it grew at more than 9%. In consonance
with global trends Indias growth also has tapered off these past two years.
Clearly its a country of great heterogeneity, complexity and promise. Its diversity
makes it unsuitable for any other form of government but a very raucous
DEMOCRACY.
Mohan Guruswamy
06/28/16
Mohan Guruswamy
06/28/16
Mohan Guruswamy
06/28/16
Mohan Guruswamy
06/28/16
Mohan Guruswamy
06/28/16
Mohan Guruswamy
06/28/16
Mohan Guruswamy
06/28/16
06/28/16
Mohan Guruswamy
06/28/16
Mohan Guruswamy
10
06/28/16
Mohan Guruswamy
11
06/28/16
Mohan Guruswamy
06/28/16
Mohan Guruswamy
06/28/16
Mohan Guruswamy
14
06/28/16
Mohan Guruswamy
06/28/16
Mohan Guruswamy
06/28/16
Mohan Guruswamy
17
06/28/16
Mohan Guruswamy
18
06/28/16
Mohan Guruswamy
19
06/28/16
Mohan Guruswamy
06/28/16
Mohan Guruswamy
21
06/28/16
Mohan Guruswamy
22
06/28/16
Mohan Guruswamy
23
06/28/16
Mohan Guruswamy
24
06/28/16
Mohan Guruswamy
25
06/28/16
Banking crisis.
Mohan Guruswamy
26
06/28/16
Mohan Guruswamy
27
06/28/16
Mohan Guruswamy
28
06/28/16
Mohan Guruswamy
29
06/28/16
Manufacturing has grown at 8.1 per cent at current prices. This is not
matched by the growth in the Index of Industrial Production (IIP), which
is only 2.4 per cent.
It is hard to explain how manufacturing growth has been so strong when
exports as a whole have contracted.
The Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy has pointed out, a big chunk
of the growth in 2015-16 has come from an item called discrepancies in
the CSOs statistics (in plain language, an item about which we know
little).
Of the growth of 7.6 per cent in 2015-16, 2.4 percentage points were
accounted for by discrepancies. In 2014-15, the same item accounted for
0.1 percentage points out of growth of 7.2 per cent.
Compare 2014-15 and 2015-16 after leaving out discrepancies and the
growth rate figures are: 7.1 per cent and 5.2 per cent. It is hard to be
jubilant about something you dont quite understand.
Mohan Guruswamy
30
06/28/16
31
06/28/16
FDI trends.
32
Mohan Guruswamy
06/28/16
Mohan Guruswamy
33
06/28/16
Amount in Rs.
Crores
Percentage
2449.32
20.21
Telecommunications
531.95
4.39
520.94
4.30
Transportation Industry
1417.13
11.70
Manufacturing
3213.02
26.52
Services
1823.86
15.05
Agriculture
107.86
1.00
2053.26
16.94
12117.36
100
Information Technology
Miscellaneous
Grand Total
06/28/16
Sector
Agriculture and Mining
Share %
2.73
Manufacturing
70.95
11.08
4.66
1.87
2.10
1.51
5.10
Mohan Guruswamy
06/28/16
Mohan Guruswamy
06/28/16
Mohan Guruswamy
37
06/28/16
Mohan Guruswamy
38
06/28/16
State Govt.
expenditur
e
Local
Authorities
1960
365
525
141
35.00
1965
990
881
339
44.80
1970
1514
1540
630
41.10
1975
3072
2935
993
43.89
1980
4589
6029
1702
37.25
1985
11112
13075
3047
40.80
1990
22815
28653
6410
39.42
1995
44850
55746
12746
39.57
2000
99965
27250
40.41
2004
101045
120190
39
141334
32535
38.10
Mohan Guruswamy
06/28/16
Decentralization in China
Year
Central Govt.
Expn.
Local Govt.
Expn.
Share of Cental
Govt. Expenditure
in total expenditure
(%)
1953
162.05
57.16
73.9
1958
177.22
223.14
44.3
1963
192.31
139.74
57.9
1968
219.49
138.35
61.3
1973
449.33
359.45
55.6
1978
532.10
589.90
47.4
1983
759.60
649.90
53.9
1989
888.77
1935.01
31.5
1993
1312.06
3330.24
28.3
1998
3125.60
7672.58
28.9
2003
7420.10
17229.85
30.1
2004
7894.08
20592.81
27.7
Mohan Guruswamy
40
06/28/16
Mohan Guruswamy
06/28/16
Mohan Guruswamy
42
06/28/16
Mohan Guruswamy
43
06/28/16
Mohan Guruswamy
44
06/28/16
Mohan Guruswamy
45
06/28/16
Mohan Guruswamy
46
06/28/16
47
Reform &
Perform
or Perish.
Mohan Guruswamy
Mohan Guruswamy
48
06/28/16
Mohan Guruswamy
49
06/28/16
Mohan Guruswamy
50
06/28/16