Vocabulario espaol: Ao

9
norte

norest
noroest
e
e
centro este
oeste
suroeste

sur

surest
e

ez
v
a
n
u
rase

Mi nombre:
Mi clase:

Contents

Pag
e

Core language

1-3

Tick grid and course overview

Country profiles

Information about countries - questions

Numbers

Regular present tense verbs

SER / ESTAR / Irregular present tense verbs

Comparatives / Superlatives

10

Describing a flag shapes and colours

11

Prepositions describing positions

12

Water

1316

Verbs + infinitives: useful structures

1719

Water cycle

20

Your vocabulary

21

Problems and solutions

2223

Bread (and food)

24

Your vocabulary

25

GUSTAR expressing likes and dislikes

26

Describing different dishes

27

Da de los Muertos: Describing a festival

2830

Preterite tense: irregular verbs

37

Television

38

Expressions of frequency

39

Types of film and adjectives

40

A visit to the cinema

41

Imperfect tense

42

El misterio del pez: vocabulario

4344

Reviewing a film

4546

Biography of a famous person

47

Story writing and narrative

48

Describing the weather: present, past and

future

49

Future tense: regular verbs

50

Future tense: irregular verbs

51

Conducting an interview

52

Identity and stereotypes

5355

Parts of the body

56

Rights of the child

57

Describing how you feel

58

War and Peace

5960

Voces Inocentes: vocabulario

6162

KS3 Spanish Core Language 1

tener to have

Pronouns
yo I
t you
l/ella he/she
Usted you
(polite, sing.)
nosotros we
vosotros you
(fam.pl.)
ellos/ellas they
Ustedes you
(polite, pl.)

estar to be

tengo

I have

soy

I am

estoy

I am

tienes

you have

eres

you are

ests

you are

tiene

he/she/
you have

es

he/she
is/you are

est

he/she
is/you are

(pol.sing)

(pol.sing)

tenemos

we have

somos

we are

tenis

you have

sois

you are

tienen

they/you
have

son

Time words
ahora now
antes before
despus after
hoy today
ayer yesterday
maana tomorrow
otra vez - again
siempre always
a menudo often
a veces sometimes
nunca never
la semana pasada
last week
la semana que viene
next week

puedo/puede

ser to be

(fam.pl.)

(pol.pl.)

Referring to things
una cosa a thing
esto this
eso that
algo (ms)
something (else)
otro (an)other
mucho a lot
(un) poco (a) little
muy very
todo
all/everything

(pol.sing)

estamos

we are

(fam.pl.)

estis

you are

they/you
are (pol.pl.)

estn

they/you
are (pol.pl.)

Referring to places
aqu here
all - there
Making links

(fam.pl.)

Asking questions
Por qu? why?
Qu? what?
Cundo?
when?
Dnde? where?
Quin? who?
Cunto(s)? how
much/many?
Cmo? how?
Opinions

y and
o or
tambin also
pero but
porque because
con with
Pienso que I think that
sin - without
Creo que I believe that
Me parece que it seems
Sentence building
that..
I can/he,she can

Saying what you did

quiero/quiere

I want to/he,she wants to

tengo que/tiene que

voy a/va a

I have to/he has to

+ verb

Im going to/he is going to

(no) me (le) gusta

I (dont) like to/he doesnt like to

me (le) encanta

I love to/he loves to

fui I went
hice I did
v I saw
jugu I played
com I ate
beb I drank

KS3 Spanish Core Language 2

Presente

Time words
ahora now
antes before
despus after
hoy today
hoy en da nowadays
hace aos - years ago
ayer yesterday
maana tomorrow
el ao pasado last week
el ao que viene next
week
Referring to places

Pasado (Imperfecto)

soy/
es

I am/
s/he/it is

era

I was/
s/he/it was

estoy/
est

I am/
s/he/it is

estaba

I was/
s/he/it was

hay

there is/
there are

haba

there was/
there were

tengo/
tiene

I have/
s/he/it has

tena

I had/
s/he/it had

Comparing

Asking questions

ms...que more than

menos..que less than
tan + adj + como as.as
tanto(a,os,as) + noun +
como as many..as

Por qu? why?

Qu? what?
Cundo?
Making links
when?
tambin also
Dnde? where?
no..tampoco
Quin? who?
neither
Cunto(s)? how
sin - without
much/many?
Sentence building
Cmo? how?
(no) puedo / puede
I can(not) / s/he can (not)...

aqu here
all - there

(no) quiero / quiere

I (dont) want to / s/he (doesnt)

want(s)to

(no) quera

I (didnt) want to / s/he (didnt)

want to...

(no)tengo que/
(no)tiene que
(no) tena)
voy a/va a

+ verb

Saying what you did

habl

I spoke

hablaste

you spoke

habl

he/she
is/you spoke
(pol.sing)

hablamos

we spoke

hablasteis

you spoke

hablaraon

they/you
spoke (pol.pl.)

(fam.pl.)

visit

I visited

compr

I bought

I (dont)have to / s/he has to/

(s/he doesnt have to..)

me aloj

I stayed

nad

I swam

I (didnt) have to/ s/he (didnt)

have to..

pas

I spent

lo pas
bien

I had a good
time

viaj

I travelled

jugu

I played

Im going to / s/he is going to

iba a

I was going to / s/he was going

to ..

(no) me (le) gusta

I (dont) like to / s/he doesnt

like to

me (le) encanta

I love to / s/he loves to

me (le) gustara

I/he/she would like to

fui I went
hice I did
v I saw
com I ate
beb I drank

KS3 Spanish Core Language 3

Sentence building

Referring to belonging(s)

mi

your

tu

his/her

su

your

su

our

nuestro

your

vuestro

their

su

your

su

(no) puedo / puede

I can(not) / s/he can (not)...

(no) quiero / quiere

I (dont) want to / s/he (doesnt)

want(s)to

(no) quera

I (didnt) want to / s/he (didnt)

want to...

(no)tengo que/
(no)tiene que
(no) tena)
voy a/va a
iba a

Referring to things & people

(no) me (le) gusta
me

me

te

you (singular familiar)

me (le) encanta

lo (le)*

he

me (le) gustara

la

she

tena pensado

lo/la(le)
*

you (singular
formal)

estaba a punto de

us

acabo/acaba de

os

you (plural familiar)

acab/acab de

los

them (masculine)

las

them (feminine)

nos

los/las

antes de/despus de

+ verb in the INFINITIVE form

my

I (dont)have to / s/he has to/

(s/he doesnt have to..)
I (didnt) have to/ s/he (didnt)
have to..
Im going to / s/he is going to
I was going to / s/he was going
to ..
I (dont) like to / s/he doesnt
like to
I love to / s/he loves to
I/he/she would like to
I/s/he was planning to..
I/s/he was about to....
I have just / s/he has just....
I had just / s/he had just...
before (doing).../after (doing)

you (plural formal)

Expressing negatives

How to
refer
to the
future
Infinitive
+

yo (I)

t (you 1 person, fam)

l/ ella he/she

usted you 1 person polite

nosotros - we

emos

no.nada
no s nada de eso

nonunca
no voy nunca al cine

notat all, nothing, not

anything
I dont know anything about
that
never (not..ever)
I never to go the cinema

vosotros you pl., fam

is

ellos/ellas - they

nonadie

No-one (not anyone)

ustedes you pl., polite

no conozco a nadie

I dont know anyone

Autumn Term: Agua y Pan

science of water (its composition, states, the water cycle) /
issues of water use and shortage in different countries / the
need to save water wherever we live / food preferences /
different cultures / the importance of bread for particular
festivals (el Da de los Muertos) / traditional stories and fairy
tales / video voice over for the water cycle / a Save Water
publicity campaign / original fairy story involving food (either
a short drama or a written story)
Spring Term: los medios de comunicacin
types of TV programme / film and watching habits and
preferences / narration skills / film review / radio programme
including a news report, interview, weather forecast and
some adverts
Summer Term: Guerra y Paz
identity / stereotypes and prejudice / children in war / film
Spanish
tick
'Voces Inocentes' / Spanish Civil WarY9
/ world
/ peace
andgrid
understanding through international sport and the Olympics

presente

Autumn Term: 1st half

presente (otras personas)

comparativos
verbo + infinitivo
opiniones
razones
enlaces
que (relative pronoun)
pasado (imperfecto)

Autumn Term: 2nd

half
Spring Term
Summer Term:
putting it all
together

Los pases

Countries

el mundo

the world

el pas

the country

el continente

the continent

el mundo
hispanohablante

the spanish-speaking
world

el mundo latino

the Latin world

Amrica del Norte

North America

Amrica del Sur

South America

los Estados Unidos

the United States

hispanoamericano

Spanish-american

hispnico

Spanish

la comunidad autnoma independent region

la Pennsula

mainland Spain

el idioma oficial

the official language

la bandera

flag

la moneda

currency (coin)

la poblacin

population

la capital

capital

Informacin sobre pases

Country profiles

Qu colores tiene la bandera?

En qu continente est?
Dnde est?
Con qu pases limita?
Cuntos habitantes
hay/tiene?
Cul es la capital?
Qu idiomas hablan?
Cul es la expectativa de vida
para los hombres/ para las
mujeres?
Cmo se llama la moneda de
este pas?

Preguntas

Questions

Dnde?

Where?

Quin?

Who?

Cundo?

When?

Qu?

What?

Cmo?

How?

Por qu?

Why?

Cunto?

How much?

Cuntos?

How many?

Cul(es)?

Which?

Nmeros cardinales y ordinales

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31

un(o) / una
dos
tres
cuatro
cinco
seis
siete
ocho
nueve
diez
once
doce
trece
catorce
quince
diecisis
diecisiete
dieciocho
diecinueve
veinte
veintiuno
veintids
veintitrs
veinticuatro
veinticinco
veintisis
veintisiete
veintiocho
veintinueve
treinta
treinta y uno

10

diez

100 cien

20

veinte

200 doscientos

30

treinta

300 trescientos

40

cuarant
a

400 cuatrocient
os

50

cincuen
ta

500 quinientos

60

sesenta

600 seiscientos

70

setenta

700 seteciento
s

80

ochenta

800 ochociento
s

1458
mil cuatrocientos
y ocho
90
noventa
900cincuenta
noveciento
2000
1,000,000
2,000,000

dos mil
un milln
dos millones

1000 - mil

primero

first

segundo

second

tercero

third

cuarto

fourth

quinto

fifth

sexto

sixth

sptimo

seventh

octavo

eigth

noveno

nineth

dcimo

tenth

Regular present tense verbs

To talk about actions in the present, you need to
change the infinitive verb by taking off the last 2
letters (either AR, -ER, or IR) and adding different
endings.
The endings tell you who is doing the action of the
verb. E.g. hablo = I speak, bailan = they dance.
In Spanish you usually leave out the subject
pronoun (I, you, he, she) because the endings
show which person is referred to.
Look at the table below to see which endings you
need
to the
addt
toand
thevosotros
regular AR,
-ER
and IR
verbs
NB: Use
forms
of you
when
to
make
present
tense.
talking
to the
friends,
relations
or children. Use the Usted
and Ustedes forms when talking to an adult who you
would not call by their first name.
Regular present tense verbs
(AR) hablar (ER)
to speak
aprender
to learn
yo (I)

(IR) vivir to
live

hablo

aprendo

vivo

hablas

aprendes

vives

l/ella (he,
she)

habla

aprende

vive

Usted

habla

aprende

vive

hablamos

aprendem
os

vivimos

t (you, 1 pers
fam)

(you, 1 pers,

formal)

nosotros (we)

Irregular present tense verbs

Some verbs do not follow the regular pattern and you
need to learn these by heart. These 5 verbs are the
most often used so its worth learning them now!

The 2 verbs to be
SER to
be

ESTAR to
be

hago

voy

tengo

haces

vas

tienes

l/ella (he,
she)

hace

va

tiene

Usted

hace

va

tiene

hacemos

vamos

tenemos

hacis

vais

tenis

SER is for
describing
permanent or
yo (I)
soy
estoy
unchanging
characteristics
t (you, 1 pers
eres
ests
e.g. nationality,
fam)
professions,
l/ella (he,
physical
es
est
appearances,
she)
time
Usted (you, 1 pers,
ESTAR is for
es
est
formal)
locations and
nosotros (we)
somos
estamos
temporary
conditions e.g.
vosotros (you, pl,
sois
estis
mood, state of
fam)
weather,
3
more Irregular present tensehealth,
verbs
ellos/ellas
location and
son
estn
(they)
states
HACER to
IR to go position,
TENER
to
that
might
make/do
have
Ustedes (you, pl,
son
estn
change
formal)

yo (I)

t (you, 1 pers
fam)

(you, 1 pers,

formal)

nosotros (we)
vosotros
fam)

(you, pl,

NB:
Hay = there is / there are
ellos/ellas
hacen

van

tienen

Comparatives
ms + adjective + .que

more..than

menos + adjective + que less..than

tan + adjective + .como

as.as

Ejemplos:
Mi hermana es ms alta
que yo

My sister is taller than

me

Mi madre es ms
sociable que mi padre

My mum is more
sociable than my dad

Cameron Diaz es menos

famosa que Kylie
Minoque

Cameron Diaz is less

famous than Kylie
Minoguel

Soy tan impaciente como I am as impatient as

mi madre
my mum
Superlatives
el/la ms + adjective

the most

el/la menos + adjective

the least.

Ejemplos:
Mi padre es el ms alto
de la familia.

My dad is the tallest in

the family.

Soy el ms deportista de
la familia.

I am the most sporty

in the family.

Mi hermana es la menos
egoista de la familia

My sister is the least

selfish in the family

Excepciones
mejor

better

10

la bandera

the flag

una franja

a band / stripe

una estrella

a star

un sol

a sun

un escudo,

a coat of arms

un cuadrado

a square

un tringulo

a triangle

un rectgulo

a rectangle

un crculo

a circle

blanco/a/os/as

white

negro/a/os/as

black

amarillo/a/os/as

yellow

rojo/a/os/as

red

pequeo/a/os/as

small

azul/es

blue

gris/es

grey

marrn/es

brown

verde/s

green

grande/s

big

de color naranja

orange

de color rosa

pink

de color violeta

purple

11

a the top / at the

bottom

a la izquierda / a la
derecha

on the left / on the

right

en el centro

in the middle

to, at

con

with

de

from, of

desde

from, since

en

in, on

entre

between

hacia

towards

para

for

por

for, because of

sin

without

sobre

on, about

al final de

at the end of

alrededor de

around

cerca de

near to

delante de

in front of

dentro de

inside

detrs de

behind

encima de

on top of

enfrente de

facing, opposite

fuera de

outside

Prepositions

arriba / abajo

12

El agua

water

la lluvia

rain

la nieve

snow

las montaas

mountains

las olas

waves

el granizo

hail

los mares

seas

los glaciares

glaciers

los ros

rivers

los lagos

lakes

las nubes

clouds

los tmpanos

ice floes

el compuesto

compound

el tomo

atom

el hidrgeno

hydrogen

el oxgeno

oxygen

el estado

state

el hielo

ice

el vapor

vapour

la superficie

surface

la tierra

earth

el cielo

sky

el suelo

ground / floor

el lugar

place

el cuerpo

body

13

natural

natural

limpio

clean

sucio

dirty

contaminado

polluted

potable

drinkable

impotable

not drinkable

esencial

essential

inspido

tasteless

dulce

sweet

salado

salty

puro

pure

impuro

impure

importante

important

fro

cold

incoloro

clear

transparente

transparent

caliente

hot

14

El agua
Agua (Haiku 5 7- 5
slabas)

Agua es dulce
pero es tambin sucia
Dnde vives t?
Quiero.
Puedo
Tengo que.
Voy a

Escribe lo que piensas cuando dices

agua

Digo agua y pienso

en...
Digo agua y pienso
en
Digo agua y pienso
en
Digo
agua y pienso
Es posible
en
Es indispensable
Digo agua y pienso
en
Es importante

Puedes usar una

forma para tu poesa

Es aconsejable
Puedes
usar
www.wordle.net

15

Para qu sirve el
agua?
Sirve para
limpiar

to clean

limpiarse los dientes

to clean your teeth

ducharse

to shower

lavar la ropa

to wash clothing

lavarse

to wash oneself

lavar los platos

to wash the dishes

baarse

to bathe

usar el servicio

to use the toilet

beber

to drink

nadar

to swim

hacer deportes
acuticos

to do water sports

cocinar

to cook

regar las plantas

to water the plants

cultivar legumbres

to grow vegetables

dar de beber a los

animales

to water the animals

16

Verbs plus infinitives: useful

1. Use sirve para followed by an infinitive to
structures

express the meaning its used for / you use it

for doing something
ejemplo: El agua sirve para lavar la ropa.
You use water for washing clothes.
2. Use gustar (or other similar verbs) followed by
an infinitive to express the meaning to like doing
something
ejemplo: Me gusta mucho montar a caballo
I like horse-riding a lot.
3. Use se puede followed by an infinitive to
express the meaning you/one can do something
ejemplo: En Cambridge se puede hacer punting
You(one) can do punting in Cambridge
4. Use soler followed by an infinitive to express
the meaning to usually do something
SOLER
(radical-changing verb)
yo (I)

suelo

t (you, 1 pers fam)

sueles

l/ella (he, she)

suele

Usted (you, 1 pers, formal)

suele

nosotros (we)

solemos

vosotros (you, pl, fam)

solis

ellos/ellas (they)

suelen

Ustedes (you, pl, formal)

beber agua mineral

tomar el desayuno a las
siete
comer muchas
legumbres
cenar a las ocho
comer muchos pasteles

5. Use any of the verbs below followed by an

infinitive to give advice to someone.
hay que..

you (one) must

se tiene que

you (one) must.

se debe

you (one) should..

se recomienda

it is recommended..

6. Use querer followed by an infinitive to express

the meaning to want to do something
QUERER
(radical-changing
verb)
yo (I)

quiero

t (you, 1 pers fam)

quieres

l/ella (he, she)

quiere

Usted (you, 1 pers, formal)

quiere

nosotros (we)

queremos

vosotros (you, pl, fam)

queris

ellos/ellas (they)

quieren

ir a Espaa
tomar el desayuno a las
siete
visitar Barcelona
cenar a las ocho
ver una pelcula

Ustedes (you, pl,

formal)

quieren

7. Use tener que followed by an infinitive to

express the meaning to have to do something
ejemplo: Tengo que lavar los platos todos los das
I have to wash the dishes every day

8. Use hay que followed by an infinitive to

express the meaning to have to do something in
a more impersonal way, about people in general
ejemplo: para sacar buenas notas, hay que estudiar
mucho
To get good marks, you have to study a lot

9. Use necesitar followed by an infinitive to

express the meaning to need to do
something
ejemplo: Necesito llamar a mi madre
I need to phone my mum
10. Use hace falta followed by an infinitive
to express the meaning to need to do
something and gustara followed by an
infinitive to express the meaning would like
to do something
Me
Te
Le
Nos
Os
Les

hace falta

comprar un
boli nuevo

gustara

descansar
estudiar
ms

19

El ciclo del agua

infinitivo

ingls

3rd pers
(it/he/she)

caer

to fall

cae

calentar

to heat

caliente

evaporarse

to evaporate

se evapora

subir

to rise/go up

sube

enfriarse

to cool down

se enfra

condensarse

to condense

se condensa

formar

to form/shape

forma

llenar

to fill

llena

empezar

to start

empieza

volver

to return

vuelve

agotarse

to run out

se agota

encontrarse

to be
found/situated

se encuentra

contribuir

to contribute

contribuye

la
evaporacin

evaporation

la
condensatio
condensacin n

la
transpiraci
n

transpiration

la
escorrenta

run off / rain

water

20

Tu vocabulario para
agua

21

Problemas
la escasez

shortage/scarcity

el consumo

consumption

la demanda

demand

el suministro

supply

el recurso

resource

el agua potable

drinking water

la causa

cause

el crecimiento de la
poblacin

population growth

la contaminacin con
agroqumicos

pollution through
pesticides

la agricultura intensiva

intensive farming

el derretimiento de los
glaciares

glacial melting

la falta de saneamiento

lack of sanitation

el calentamiento global

global warming

abastecerse con

to be supplied by

hoy en da

nowadays

haceaos

...years ago

fue/era, es, ser

was, is, will be

hubo/haba, hay, habr

there was, there is,

there will be

la guerra

war

la muerte

death

22

Soluciones
Se debe / no se
debe

You should / shouldnt

lavar el coche con balde

/ con manguera
reciclar pilas
echar pilas
dejar correr el agua
limpiarse los dientes
descongelar los
alimentos
baarse
ducharse
dejar la llave abierta
lavar los platos a mano
enjabonarse las manos

23

El pan

bread

dulce

sweet

salado

salty

duro

hard (or chewy)

blando

soft

sabroso

tasty

delicioso

delicious

rico

delicious

sano

healthy

malsano

unhealthy

bueno para la salud

good for your health

malo para la salud

bad for your health

Los bocadillos

sandwiches

el tomate

tomato

el pepino

cucumber

la lechuga

lettuce

la cebolla

onion

el pollo

chicken

el jamn

ham

el bacon

bacon

el queso

cheese

la salchica

sausage

la mantequilla

butter

24

Tu vocabulario para
comida

25

GUSTAR and espressing likes and

dislikes
Gustar really means to be pleasing to. Use gusta
with singular nouns and gustan with plural nouns.
You need to use the correct indirect pronoun too
to show who likes what.
Expressing likes and dislikes GUSTAR & verbs like
gustar

GUSTAR
to like

ENCANTAR
to love

INTERESAR
to interest

gusta(n)

encanta(n
)

interesa(n)

me (to me)
te (to you)
le (to him/her)
le

(to you formal,1

pers)

nos (to us)

os

(to you
fam.pl)

les (to them)

There
are
other verbs that work in this way too. The
les (to you
formal,
pl)
most
important ones are:

encantar

to love

interesar

to interest

chiflar

to adore/love

hacer falta

to need

doler (o ue)

to hurt

Describir los platos

un plato

a dish

un postre

a dessert

algo

something

comida rpida

fast food

Es tpico/a de..

Its typical of..

Lleva..

It contains

Se prepara en.

You make it in a

una sartn

a frying pan

el horno

the oven

una olla

a saucepan

Se come con

You eat it with..

Es un plato

Its a .dish

rico

delicious

tradicional

traditional

interesante

interesting

que me gusta mucho

which I like a lot

27

El Da de los Muertos

Day of the Dead

Cundo se celebra?

When does it take

place?

En qu pas se origin
esta fiesta?

In which country did this

festival originate?

Para qu sirve esta

fiesta?

What is the festival for?

Es una fiesta triste o

alegre?

Is it a sad or happy
festival?

Qu hace la gente para What do people do to

celebrar?
celebrate?
un vaso de agua

a glass of water

el pan de muerto

bread (of the dead)

el papel picado

paper cut-out

el copal

incense

una cruz

cross

la fruta

fruit

los dulces

sweets

la vela

candle

las flores

flowers

las fotos

photos

las calaveras

skulls

28

Describir una fiesta

describing a festival

sirve(n) para..

its used for

es/son para

it is / they are for

simboliza(n)

it symbolises

representa(n)

it represents

significa(n)

it means

el alma de los difuntos

the soul of the dead

la muerte

death

la reincarnacin

reincarnation

pintarse la cara

to paint ones face

vestirse muy elegante

to dress up

bailar

to dance

tocar msica

to play music

atraer a los muertos

the attract the dead

iluminar el camino de
vuelta a casa

to light the way home

celebrar

to celebrate

recordar a los difuntos

the remember the

dead

refrescar el alma
cansada

the refresh the tired

soul

burlarse de la muerte

to mock/make fun of
death

29

Costumbres y fiestas

Customs and festivals

una fiesta

a party/celebration

una tradicin

a tradition

una costumbre

a custom

de tradicin
cristiana/pagana

of Christian/pagan origin

un desfile

a parade/procession

un disfraz

a disguise

un baile

a dance

un plato tpico

a typical dish

un traje tpico

a typical dress/costume

unas luces

some lights

unos fuegos artificiales

some fireworks

una cancin

a song

el canto

singing

unas flores

some flowers

bailar

to dance

adornar

to decorate

consistir en

to consist of

participar en

to take part in

llevar

to wear

disfrazarse

to disguise onself

tener lugar

to take place

celebrarse

to celebrate

conmemorar

to commemorate

30

Narrar cuentos

Telling stories

rase una vez / Haba

una vez
que se llamaba(n)
viva(n) /
era(n)
llevaba(n

un dragn

una torre

un anillo

una bruja

un enano

una casa

un buho

una carroza

un castillo

una bici

un tesoro

una isla

un bosque

una alfombra

un cofre
un guila (f)
un puente
un orgro
un prncipe
un lobo
un sapo
una espada

31

Narrar cuentos: The gingerbread man

acercarse a

to go towards

se acerc a

ponerse a

to start to

se puso a

correr

to run

corri

lanzar

to throw

lanz

caer

to fall

cay

atraversar

to cross

atravers

llegar

to arrive

lleg

salir

to go ;out/leave sali

encontrarse
con

to meet (up)
with

se encontr con

hacer

to make/do

hiz;o

seguir

to follow

sigui

echar

to throw

ech

cocinar

to cook

cocin

ayudar

to help

ayud

alcanzar

to reach

alcanz

escuchar

to listen

escuch

NB: Dont forget to extend and link your

phrases by using structures like these:
Antes de + infinitive,. (Before
ing.., )
Despus de + infinitive, .
(Aftering, )
Al + infinitive (Upon ing., )

32

NB: use www.verbix.com to check how to

conjugate
acabar de (+
to
have just (done

infinitive)
acabar por (+
infinitive)
acercarse
asesinar
atravesar
caer(se)
comenzar a (+
infinitive)
correr
dar
dejar de (+
infinitive)
echar
encontrarse con
escapar
estar
intentar
(+infinitive)
ir
irse
llegar
llegar a ser
morirse
nacer

something)
to end up by (doing)
to
to
to
to

approach / go over to
kill
cross
fall (down)

to start to
to run
to give
to stop (doing)
to
to
to
to

throw
meet
escape
be

to try (to do something)

to
to
to
to
to
to

go
go away/leave
arrive
become
die
be born

33

NB: use www.verbix.com to check how to

conjugate

parar
ponerse a
(+infinitive)
salir
seguir

ser
soler
saltar
tener
tener que (+
infinitive)
volver a (+
infinitive)
volver
Verbos de pensar
y decir
contar
deber
decir
decidir (+
infinitive)
esperar
pensar
poder
querer

to stop
to start to (do something)

to leave
to follow (used with gerund
= to carry on doing
something)
to be
to usually (do something)
to jump
to have
to have to
to do something again
to return

to
to
to
to

tell
have to
say
decide (to do)

to
to
to
to

hope/wait
think
be able to
want

34

Tu vocabulario para tu cuento

35

The preterite regular verbs

We use the preterite to describe events and actions
in the past that are finished.
The preterite is formed by adding the following
endings to the stem of the verb. (NB: stem =
ER & IR have the same endings!
infinitive minus AR, -ER or IR ending)

Regular preterite tense verbs

(AR) comprar
to buy
yo (I)

(ER) comer
to eat

(IR) vivir to live

compr

com

viv

compraste

comiste

viviste

l/ella (he, she)

compr

comi

vivi

Usted (you, 1 pers, formal)

compr

comi

vivi

nosotros (we)

compramos

comimos

vivimos

vosotros (you, pl, fam)

comprasteis

comisteis

vivisteis

ellos/ellas (they)

compraron

comieron

vivieron

Ustedes (you, pl, formal)

compraron

comieron

vivieron

NB: empezar changes spelling in yo

form empec
jugar too becomes jugu in yo form

t (you, 1 pers fam)

also: alojarse (to

also:
also:
beber (to drink) salir (to go
volver (to return)out)
deber (to have to)

stay)
ayudar (to help)
bailar (to dance)
baarse (to bathe)
cantar (to sing)
cenar (to have dinner)
empezar* (to begin)
jugar* (to play)
pasar (to spend time)
pensar (to think)
tomar (to take)
visitar (to visit)

36

The preterite irregular

Some verbs are not regular in the preterite and need to

be learnt! Here are the 4 most important:
IR to go
SER to be

HACER to
do, to make

TENER to
have

ESTAR to
be

fui

hice

tuve

estuve

fuiste

hiciste

tuviste

estuviste

fue

hizo

tuvo

estuvo

fue

hizo

tuvo

estuvo

fuimos

hicimos

tuvimos

estuvimos

fuisteis

hicisteis

tuvisteis

estuvisteis

fueron

hicieron

tuvieron

estuvieron

fueron

hicieron

tuvieron

estuvieron

Here are some other important irregular verbs the yo

form is given and the endings are usually predictable.
E.g. decir dije, dijiste, dijo, dijimos, dijisteis, dijeron.
dar

(to
give)

di

decir

(to say,
tell)

dije

poder

(to be
able,
can)

pude

poner

(to put)

puse

quere
r

(to
want,
wish)

quise

ver

(to see,
watch)

vi

traer

(to
bring)

traje

saber

(to
know)

supe

(to

37

Televisin

Television

una televisin/ un televisor

a television (set)

el mando a distancia

the remote control

la pantalla

the screen

un programa

a programme

Qu ponen en la tele?

Whats on TV?

la canal

channel

en directo

live

Los programas de
televisin
un concurso

a game show

las noticias

the news

el telediario / informativo

the news bulletin

el pronstico

the weather
forecast

los anuncios

adverts

una telenovela / un
culebrn

a soap opera

una serie

a series

un dibujo animado

a cartoon

un programa infantil

a childrens
programme

un programa musical / de
msica

a music
programme

un programa de deportes

a sports
programme

38

Frequency expressions
siempre

always

a menudo

often

a veces

sometimes

todos los das

every day

normalmente/
generalmente

usually

una vez al mes

once a month

dos veces a la semana

twice a week

tres veces al da

three times a day

de vez en cuando

from time to time

nunca

never

39

Types of film & adjectives

una pelcula

a film

una pelcula romntica

a romantic film

una pelcula cmica

a comedy

una pelcula histrica

an historical film

una pelcula policaca

a thriller

una pelcula de cienciaficcin

a science fiction film

una pelcula de accin

an action film

una pelcula de aventura

an adventure film

una pelcula de terror/ de

miedo

a horror film

una pelcula de dibujos

animados

a cartoon

una pelcula de guerra

a war film

una pelcula del oeste

a western

emocionante

exciting

aburrido

boring

divertido

fun

inteligente

intelligent

gracioso/cmico

funny

infantil

childish

interesante

interesting

tonto

stupid

informativo

informative

serio

serious

40

A visit to the cinema

la entrada

ticket

la pantalla

screen

el precio

price

la sesin

Session / showing

la categora

category

apta para todos los

pblicos

para mayores de 7 aos

PG (equivalent)

para mayores de 13
aos

13 (our 15 equivalent)

para mayores de 18
aos

18

Diga?/Dgame?

Hello (when answering

phone)

Quieres salir conmigo?

Do you want to go out

with me?

Adnde quieres ir?

Where do you want to go?

A qu hora?

What time?

Dnde quedamos?

Where shall we meet?

bueno/vale

Ok, fine

conmigo

with me

contigo

with you

dos entradas, por favor

two tickets please

Para qu pelcula?

for which film?

Para qu sesin?

for which session?

Aqu tiene

here you are

41

The imperfect tense

The imperfect is used to describe things we did regularly in the past

and where we do not know the beginning and end of the action. It
also sets the scene in a narrative, describing places, objects, people,
time and the weather in the past.
The imperfect is formed by removing
the infinitive endings (-AR, -ER, -IR)
and adding the following endings:

ER & IR have the same endings!

Regular imperfect tense endings

(AR) comprar
to buy

(ER) comer
to eat

(IR) vivir to live

yo (I)

compraba

coma

viva

t (you, 1 pers fam)

comprabas

comas

vivas

l/ella (he, she)

compraba

coma

viva

Usted (you, 1 pers, formal)

compraba

coma

viva

comprbamos

comamos

vivamos

vosotros (you, pl, fam)

comprbais

comais

vivais

ellos/ellas (they)

compraban

coman

vivan

Ustedes (you, pl, formal)

compraban

coman

vivan

nosotros (we)

Most verbs are regular (SER and IR are not).

Here are the most common verbs to use in the imperfect tense.
SER to be
(irregular)

IR to go
(Irregular)

HACER to
do/make (reg)

ESTAR to be
(reg)

yo (I)

era

iba

haca

estaba

t (you, 1 pers fam)

eras

ibas

hacas

estabas

l/ella (he, she)

era

iba

haca

estaba

Usted (you, 1 pers, formal)

era

iba

haca

estaba

eramos

bamos

hacamos

estbamos

eris

bais

hacais

estabais

nosotros (we)
vosotros (you, pl, fam)

HABER
there is/are

haba

42

Vocabulario: El misterio
del importantes
pez
Verbos
ir

to go

recoger

to collect

limpiarse los
dientes

to clean
ones teeth

volver

to return
to wait

charlar

esperar

to chat

leer

to read

ponerse (el
sol)

to set (sun)

comer

to eat

coger/atrapar

to catch

beber

to drink

jugar

to play

perder el
tiempo

to pass the
time

pescar

to fish

encontrar

to find

tocar

to play
(instrument)

tratar de

to try to

bailar

to dance

darse cuenta
de que

to realise

hacer

to do

sentirse

to feel

mirar

to look/watch

ver

to see/watch

cocinar

to cook

tener
hambre

to be hungry

tener miedo

to be scared

sorprenders
e

to be
surprised

colocar

to place/plut

43

Vocabulario (2)
Adjetivos de carcter

un pez

a fish

un viejo

an old man

un
protagonista

actor

los brtulos

things

temperamental

el estanque

pond

comprensivo

alejado

el ro

river

paciente

impaciente

la bsqueda

search

las gafas del

buceo

diving
goggles

un
cortometraje

a short
(film)

vaco

empty

mismo

same

la motita

mark

la aleta

fin

el flanco

flank/side

la escama

scale

el pelo

hair

las sienes

temples

joven

viejo

amable

severo

divertido

serio

atractivo

feo

cansado

vivo

tranquilo

Ms vocbulario
hoy en da

nowadays

en el
invierno

in the winter

en el
verano

in the
summer

dentro

inside

fuera

outside

la niez

childhood

la vejez

old age

la soledad

solitude

la amistad

friendship

la familia

family

la branquia

gill

el amor

love

una telaraa

a cobweb

la ambicin

ambition

una aruga

Reviewing a film
la historia

the story

la accin

the action

un desastre

a disaster

los efectos especiales

the special effects

un drama

a drama

inspirado en hechos
reales

based on fact

visto por los ojos de

seen through the eyes of

un viaje (en busca de)

a journey (in search of)

la msica

the music

transcurre (transcurrir)

it takes place/occurs (to

happen)

termina con (terminar)

it ends with (to finish/end)

interpreta a
(interpretar)

he/she plays the part of (to

play the role of)

se desarrolla
(desarollarse)

it develops (to develop)

cuenta/narra la historia
de (contar/narrar)

it tells the story of..(to tell)

tiene lugar en (tener

lugar)

it takes place in..(to take

place)

se muere (morirse)

he/she/it dies (to die)

sufre (sufrir)

he/she/it suffers (to suffer)

empieza con (empezar)

it starts with (to start/begin)

busca (buscar)

he/she/it is looking for (to

search/look for)

encuentra (encontrar)

he/she/it finds (to find)

45

Reviewing a film
contd
la paz

peace

la muerte

death

la verdad

truth

la amistad

friendship

la respuesta

answer

la vida

life

el sueo

dream

el significado

meaning

el futuro

future

el pasado

past

el enemigo

enemy

el villano

villain/bad guy

la vctima

victim

el amor

love

el secreto

secret

peligroso

dangerous

emocionante

existing

misterioso

mysterious

oscuro

dark

arriesgado

risky

celoso/envidioso

jealous/envious

hermoso

beautiful

una pelcula de risa,

esperanza, suerte

a film of laughter, hope,

luck

46

Biography of a famous
person
Verbs in the preterite
naci (nacer)

he/she was born (to be

born)

empez a + infinitive
(empezar)

he/she started to (to

start)

debut en (debutar)

he/she made his debut

performance in (to make
ones first appearance)

tuvo la oportunidad de +
infinitive (tener)

he/she had the

opportunity to (to have)

jug (jugar)

he/she played (to play)

marc (marcar)

he/she scored (to score)

derrot a (derrotar)

he/she beat (to beat)

gan (ganar)

he/she won (to win)

aprendi a + infinitive
(aprender a)

he/she learnt to (to learn

to)

fue (ir)

he/she went (to go)

tuvo el papel principal en

(tener)

he/she had the starring

role in..(to have)

fue la estrella en (ser)

he/she was the star in (to

be)

Verbs in the imperfect

tena poco dinero (tener)

he/she had little money

(to have)

cuando tena 18 aos

when he/she was 18

viva (vivir)

he/she used to live

47

Story writing &

narrative
Sentence beginnings
A los.aos

At the age of ..

Cuando tena .aos

When he/she was

years old

Al terminar el colegio..

On finishing school.

De nio/nia

As a boy/girl

Desde 1990 hasta 2000

From 1990 until 2000

Fue el ao en el que

It was the year in

which

Fue la poca en la que

It was the time in

which

To present 2 contrasting
ideas
pero

but

aunque

although

sin embargo

however

To express simultaneous
action
mientras

whilst

To express consequence
as que

so that/ in order that

por eso

for that reason

To express cause
como

as

porque

because

48

Describing the weather present, past and

future
present

past
description &
scene setting

future i.e.
forecasting

hace sol it is
sunny

haca sol it was

sunny

har sol it will

be sunny

hace calor it is
hot

haca calor it
was hot

har calor it will

be hot

hace fro it is
cold

haca fro

har fro

hace buen
tiempo

haca buen
tiempo

har buen
tiempo

hace mal tiempo

haca mal tiempo har mal tiempo

hace viento

haca viento

har viento

llueve

llova

llover

nieva

nevaba

nevar

est nuboso

estaba nuboso

estar nuboso

hay
niebla
Mi pronstico
myhaba niebla

habr niebla

forecast
hay
tormenta

habr tormenta

haba tormenta

norte

norest
noroest
e
e
centro este
oeste
suroeste

sur

surest
e

49

Future tense I will do.

The future is used to describe things we will do. This a quite a nice
tense as there is only one set of endings for all 3 types of verbs. You
need to remember, however, that endings are added on to the
infinitive, which is unusual when forming tenses in Spanish.

Regular Future Tense

Verbs

Infinitive +

Yo (I)

T (you 1 person, fam)

l/ ella he/she

Usted you 1 person ploite

Nosotros - we

emos

Vosotros you pl., fam

is

ellos/ellas - they

Ustedes you pl., polite

Examples
Despus de mis exmenes, ir a Espaa
After my exams, I will go to Spain
Cenaremos a las ocho
We will have dinner at 8 oclock
La fiesta ser estupenda!
The party will be great!
En el futuro comprarn una casa en Francia
In the future they will buy a house in France

50

Future tense Irregular verbs

There are a few common irregular verbs in the future tense, that is to
say that you do not add endings onto the infinitive, but onto a slightly
different stem. The chart below shows you the I form the other
forms will have the same change.
Verb

Meaning

I Form in future

salir

to go out

saldr

tener

to have

tendr

poder

to be able to

podr

decir

to say

dir

hacer

to do/ to make

har

haber

there is/ there are

habr (it form)

Examples
Lo har ms tarde
I will do it later
Tendremos un exmen la semana que viene
We will have a test next week
Habr un cine nuevo en nuestro pueblo el ao que viene
There will be a new cinema in our town next year

51

Hacer una entrevista Conducting an interview with a celebrity

Cmo te llamas?

What is your name?

Qu deportes te gustan?

What sports do you like?

Qu tipo de msica te gusta?

What type of music do you like?

Cul es tu grupo favorito?

What is your favourite band?

Te gusta ver la tele?

Do you like watching tv?

Cul es tu pelcula favorita?

What is your favourite film?

Qu te gustaba de tu colegio?

What did you like about your school?

Qu no te gustaba de tu colegio?

What didnt you like about your school?

Qu quieres hacer en el futuro?

What do you want to do in the future?

Tu entrevista

52

La identidad y los
estereotipos

Identity and stereotypes

el nombre

name

el sexo

gender

la edad

age

el lugar de nacimiento

place of birth

el lugar de nacimiento
de los padres

parents place of birth

la fecha de nacimiento

date of birth

el color de pelo

colour of skin

el color de ojos

colour of eyes

la familia

family

la enseanza

education

la religin

religion

el trabajo

work

la msica

music

los deportes

sports

la dieta

diet

la sexualidad

sexuality

las opiniones

opinions

53

La identidad y los
estereotipos

Identity and stereotypes

edades legales

legal ages

casarse

to get married

comprar (alcohol,
cigarillos)

to buy (alcohol,
cigarettes)

aprender a conducir

to learn to drive

tener un tatuaje

to have a tatoo

votar

to vote

trabajar

to work

donar

to donate

beber

to drink

abandonar

to give up

Por qu es Inglaterra
famosa?
Inglaterra es famosa
por
pescado y patatas
fritas
el t
la familia real
el desayuno ingls
el asado
la lluvia

54

La identidad y los
estereotipos
comer
beber
saber preparar
ser educado y muy
polticamente correcto
hablar siempre del
tiempo
ir (a una corrida)
repetir gracias
millones de veces
respetar las colas
ser perezoso
ser maleducado
tener horarios raros

Identity and
stereotypes
to eat
to drink
to know how to make
to be well educated
and politically correct
to talk always about
the weather
to go (to a bullfight)
to say thank you
millions of times
to be good at queuing
to be lazy
to be impolite
to have strange
routines
tener un sentido del
to have a sarcastic
humor muy sarcstico sense of humour
bailar
to dance

55

las partes del cuerpo

Parts of the body

la cabeza

head

los ojos

eyes

las orejas / Los odos

ears (outer) / ears

(inner)

la nariz

nose

la boca

mouth

las mejillas

cheeks

los dientes

teeth

las muelas

teeth

el cuello

neck

la garganta

throat

los hombros

shoulders

el pecho

chest

el estmago

stomach

las caderas

hips

la espalda

back

los brazos

arms

el codo

elbow

la mueca

wrist

el dedo

finger

el pulgar

thumb

las piernas

legs

la rodilla

knee

el tobillo

ankle

los pies

feet

56

Los Derechos del Nio

Rights of the Child

el derecho a

the right to

la vida

life

la supervivencia

survival

el desarollo

development

la salud

health

los servicios sanitarios

good sanitation (clean

water..)

la educacin

education

estudiar

to study

el ocio

leisure / free time

jugar

to play

estar con amigos

to be with friends

no ser separado de sus

padres

to not be separated from

their parents

el derecho a la proteccin
(contra)

the right to protection

(from)

la violencia

violence

el abuso

abuse

la esclavitud

slavery

la explotacin (sexual)

(sexual) exploitation

la tortura

torture

el secuestro

abduction

la venta

being sold

la trata

being traded

la privacin de libertad

being deprived of
freedom

La Convencin

International Convention on

57

Saying something hurts

me duele

my .. hurts (singular)

me duelen

my .. hurt (plural)

tengo dolor de ..

I have .ache

Describing how you feel: Expresiones con TENER

tengo miedo

I am scared

tengo hambre / sed

I am hungry / thirsty

tengo calor / frp

I feel hot / cold

tengo sueo

Im tired

tengo fiebre / gripe / tos /

nauseas / catarro

I have a temperature / flu

/ a cough / cold

tengo nauseas

I feel sick

tengo una insolacin / una

quemadura / una ampolla /
una picadura

I have sunstroke / a
burn / a blister / a bite

tengo ganas de

I want to.. / feel like

tengo que

I have to

huir

run away

ir a casa

go home

dormir

sleep

encontrar a mi familia

find my family

estoy resfriado

I have a cold

estoy constipado

I have a cold

estoy mareado

I feel dizzy

58

La guerra y la paz

War and peace

un conflicto (armado)

(armed) conflict

un riesgo

a risk

una lucha

a battle

luchar

to fight

una disputa

a dispute

un combate (en
combate)

combat (in combat)

la brutalidad

brutality

el ejrcito

army

la fuerza

strength/force

la fuerza armada

armed force

las tropas

troups

el poder (poltico)

(political)power

el gobierno

government

el Estado

state / nation

el espionaje

espionage

la pobreza

poverty

la crisis
(econmica/poltica)

(economic/political)
crisis

la poblacin

population

el nio/la nia / los nios boy / girl / children

los nios soldados

child soldiers

los jvenes

young people

el reclutamiento

recruitment

59

los recursos naturales

natural resources

la edad mnima

minimum age

la falta de democracia

absence of democracy

el crecimiento
demogrfico

demographic growth

el deterioro ambiental

environmental
destruction

las minas
antipersonales

anti-personnel mines

el hurfano

orphan

el refugiado

refugee

el desplazado

displaced person

el servicio miliar
(oblitatorio /
voluntario)

(compulsory /
voluntary)
military service

incorporarse a

to join

vengarse

to take revenge

el propaganda

propaganda

60

Vocabulario: Voces
Verbos reflexivos
Expresiones
con el verbo
Inocentes
tener
tener sed

to be thirsty

tener
hambre

to be
hungry

tener sueo

to be tired

tener miedo to be scared

esconders
e

to hide

hacerse
amigos

to become
friends

baarse
en el ro

to
bathe/swim
in the river

tener lugar

to take
place

tener.ao
s

to be
years old

tener calor

to be hot

rer

to laugh

tener fro

to be cold

ser feliz

to be happy

tener ganas
de
(+infinitive)

to feel like
(doing)

ser
hombre de
la casa

to be the
man of the
house

tener que

to have to

ser
reclutado

to be
recruited

tener prisa

to be in a
hurry

tener suerte

to be lucky

luchar

to fight

tener razn

to be right

buscar

to look for

tener xito

to be
successful

encontrar

to find

evitar

to avoid

Otras expresiones

enamorars
to fall
morir
to in
dielove
e
to flee/run
hur
away

defender la
to defend
Patria
your country

enviar

to send 61

Vocabulario (2): Voces

Inocentes
Adjetivos de carcter
joven

viejo

amable

severo

divertido

serio

atractivo

feo

cansado

vivo

tranquilo

temperamental

comprensivo

alejado

paciente

impaciente

Ms vocbulario
hoy en da

nowadays

haceaos

.years ago

la guerra

war

la paz

peace

la muerte

death

el riesgo

the risk

el peligro

the danger

el Ejrcito

the Army

el soldado

the soldier

las fuerzas
armadas

the armed
forces

el ro

the river

el suceso
real

real event

62

La Guerra Civil

The civil war

un arma

a weapon

un fusil / una escopeta

a rifle / gun

un casco

a helmet

una repblica

a republic

una dictadura

a dictatorship

a la izquierda

on the left

a la derecha

on the right

el Frente Popular

the Popular Front

el Frente Nacional

the National Front

los generales

the generals

los sacerdotes

the priests

los comunistas

the communists

los anarquistas

the anarchists

los intelectuales

the intellectuals

los soldados

the soldiers

los socialistas

the socialists

los voluntarios

the volunteers

los ricos / los pobres

the rich / poor

los nacionalistas / los franquistas

the nationalists / Franco-ites

los republicanos

the republicans

las Brigadas Internacionales

the international brigades

la Iglesia

the Church

un golpe de Estado

a coup (dEtat)

vencer

to win

perder

to lose

apoyar a

to support

63

los Juegos Olmpicos

The Olympic games

el atletismo

athletics

el bdminton

badminton

el baloncesto

basketball

el balonmano

handball

el boxeo

boxing

el ciclismo

cycling

el hockey

hockey

el judo

judo

el tenis de mesa

table tennis

el tiro

shooting

el tiro con arco

archery

el triatln

triathlon

el voleibol

volleyball

el pentatln moderno

pentathlon

el piragismo

canoeing

el remo

rowing

el taekwondo

taekwondo

el tenis

tennis

el ftbol

football

la esgrima

fencing

la gimnasia

gymnastics

la halterofilia

weightlifting

la hpica

equestrian events

la lucha

wrestling

la natacin

swimming

la vela

sailing

64

los Juegos Olmpicos

The Olympic games

los valores olmpicos

the Olympic values

el respeto

espect

la excelencia

excellence

la amistad

friendship

la inspiracin

inspiration

la determinacin

determination

la igualdad

equality

el coraje
el estadio
primero, segundo,
tercero
el oro
la plata
el bronce
el anillo
dedicado
trabajador
fuerte
en forma
rpido
competir
entrenar
ganar
perder
correr

courage
the stadium
first, second, third
the gold medal
the silver medal
the bronze medal
the ring
dedicated
hard-working
strong
fit
fast
to compete
to train
to win
to lose
to run

65

Tu vocabulario

66

Tu vocabulario

67