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Project Appraisal
Step
Classification
Generation of business
ideas
Identification of the
business opportunity
Project selection
Business opportunity
analysis through
feasibility studies
Implementation of the
business opportunity
Project design or
Project Implementation
Presentation of report
Project Report
Classification of Projects
1. Quantifiable and non-quantifiable projects
2. Sectoral Projects
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
3. Techno-Economic Projects
a.
b.
c.
Profit-Oriented Projects
a. New Projects
b. Expansion Projects
c. Modernization Projects
d. Diversification Projects
ii. Service-Oriented Projects
a. Welfare Projects
b. Service Projects
c. Research and Development Projects
d. Educational Projects
Project Appraisal
Assessing the viability or feasibility of a
proposed project by the lending institution
is called Project Appraisal.
Project Appraisal is ex-ante analysis.
Project Evaluation is ex-post analysis.
Different Methods are used to evaluate a
project proposal. They are:
Payback Period
Return on Investment
Discounted Cash Flow
Internal Rate of Return
Net Present Value
Profitability Index
Network Analysis
Focuses on implementation
Network techniques are useful for
planning, scheduling and control of the
activities of a project
Taking into account interrelationship
among activities and resources constraint
There are two techniques
PERT-Program Evaluation Research technique
CPM-Critical path method
Network Analysis
(continued)
Activity
- It is a definite task, job or function to be
performed on a project
- Activity consumes resources
- Eg: Order material is an activity
Event
Is a specific point in time indicating
beginning or end of one or more activities
It marks milestones
Does not consume resources
Network Techniques
PERT
CPM
It is an event-oriented approach
It is an activity-oriented
approach
It allows uncertainty
It is time based
It is cost based
It is probabilistic model
It is deterministic model
It averages time