SUBMITTED TO :

SHIKHA JHANWAR MAM

SUBMITTED BY :
Akshta Kaushal
Anchal Srivastav

Communication Process

What is communication process?

Transmission of a message from a sender to a

receiver in an understandable manner.
The communication process is a guide toward realizing effective
communication.
Effective communication leads to understanding.

Components of Communication
The communication process is made up of four key components.
Those components include encoding, medium of transmission,
decoding, and feedback. Sender and Receiver are also a part of it.

Sender

Message
Feedback

Receiver

Features of Communication
Two-way Process
Information Sharing and Understanding
Verbal and Non-Verbal.
Circular Flow.
Goal Oriented.
Continuous Process
Pervasive Activity.

Principles of Effective
Communication

Principle of clarity.
Principle of Objective
Principle of understanding the
receiver
Principle of consistency
Principle of completeness
Principle of Feedback
Principle of time

 Message: Message is a key idea that the sender wants

to communicate. It is a sign that elicits the response
of recipient. Communication process begins with
deciding about the message to be conveyed. It must
be ensured that the main objective of the message is
clear.

 Sender / Encoder
COMPONENTS
OF COMMUNICATION
Sender / Encoder is a person who sends the message. A
PROCESS
sender makes use of symbols (words or graphic or

visual aids) to convey the message and produce the

required response.
For instance - a training manager conducting training
for new batch of employees. Sender may be an
individual or a group or an organization. The views,
background, approach, skills, competencies, and
knowledge of the sender have a great impact on the
message.

Encoding Encoding is the process where the

information you would like to communicate gets

transferred into a form to be sent and decoded by
the receiver.

 Channel Channels are the way you

convey your message. These channels

include verbal such as telephone, and faceto-face conversations as well as non-verbal
such as e-mail and text messaging. Each
individual channel has its strengths and
weaknesses in terms of communicating.
For instance - Written medium is chosen when a
message has to be conveyed to a small group of
people, while an oral medium is chosen when
spontaneous feedback is required from the
recipient as misunderstandings are cleared then
and there.

Decoding Decoding is on the receiving

end of communication. This stage is just as

important as encoding. Communication can
go downhill at this stage if the receiver is not
practicing active listening skills or if they do
not possess enough information to accurately
decode the message

 Receiver - Receiver is a person for whom the message is

intended or aimed. The degree to which the decoder

understands the message is dependent upon various
factors such as knowledge of recipient, their responsiveness
to the message, and the reliance of encoder on decoder.

Feedback - Feedback is the main component of

communication process as it permits the sender

to analyze the efficacy of the message. It helps the
sender in confirming the correct interpretation of
message by the decoder. Feedback may be verbal
(through words) or non-verbal (in form of smiles,
sighs, etc.). It may take written form also in form
of memos, reports, etc.

Importance of understanding
communication process
Communication is only successful when both the sender and the receiver
understand the same information as a result of the communication.
"If I went back to college again, I'd concentrate on two
areas: learning to write and to speak before an audience.
Nothing in life is more important than the ability to
communicate effectively."
-- Gerald R. Ford

Importance of Communication in Business:

No business can flourish in the absence of internal and external
communication.
Large business houses function through various divisions and
departments like planning, production, sells, stores, finance, accounts,
public relatoin and welfare etc.
Thus effective communication is essential in business organisations.

Importance of understanding communication

process -cont
Importance of Communication in the Workplace
Communication is important in a workplace setting because people must
interact with one another in ways that will get the job done quickly and
effectively.
"Communication is really all anyone ever gets paid for ultimately...and if
you cannot effectively communicate...you will PAY...not get paid..."

-- Doug Firebaugh
Importance of Communication in Leadership

It is simply impossible to become a great leader without being a great

communicator.
"The art of communication is the language of leadership.

-- James Humes

Good Leaders, Good Communicators.

Importance of understanding communication process -cont

Significance of Communication in Relationships

Definitely, communication plays the main role in establishing
relationships.
Communication is important in relationships as it allows us to share
interests, aspirations and concerns, to support each other, to organize
our lives and make decisions, and to work together.

Types of Communication
People communicate with each other in a number of ways that
depend upon the message and its context in which it is being sent.
Choice of communication channel and your style of communicating
also affect communication. So, there are a variety of types of
communication.
Types of communication based on the communication channels
used are:
1.Verbal Communication
2.Nonverbal Communication

Verbal Communication

Verbal communication refers to the form of communication in which message is transmitted

verbally; communication is done by word of mouth and a piece of writing. Objective of every
communication is to have people understand what we are trying to convey.

Verbal Communication is further divided into:

1. Oral Communication
2. Written Communication
1. Oral Communication
In oral communication, Spoken words are used. It
includes face-to-face conversations, speech, radio etc.

2. Written Communication
In written communication, written signs or symbols are
used to communicate. A written message may be printed
or hand written.

Non Verbal Communication

Nonverbal communication is the sending or receiving of wordless messages.
We can say that communication other than oral and written, such
as gesture, body language, posture, tone of voice or facial
expressions, is called nonverbal communication. Nonverbal
communication is all about the body language of speaker.

Nonverbal communication has the following three

elements:

1. Appearance
Speaker: clothing, hairstyle, neatness, use of
cosmetics.
Surrounding: room size, lighting, decorations,
furnishings
2. Body Language
facial expressions, gestures, postures
3. Sounds
Voice Tone, Volume, Speech rate

Barriers in Communication
Communicating is straightforward. What
makes it complex, difficult, and frustrating are
the barriers we put in the way.
Top Barriers :

EXPECTATIONS
AVOIDANCE
FIXING
SCAPEGOATING
PROBING
SPEAKING IN CODE
CONTROL
BLAMING

CONFLICT AVOIDANCE
(CHAOS)
EXCLUSION
BOUNDARY OR BARRIER
Information overload
Trust and credibility
Time
Emotions
Message congruency

Objective : thoughts and goals

Subjective : feelings

7 Cs of Communication