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1D-Bar Element
Eigen Value Analysis or Modal Analysis
U sin t
M U C U K U F
Mass
Matrix
Damping
Matrix
Stiffness
Matrix
For a 1D bar member in state of free vibration the damping and applied force
is considered to be zero, which would yield the Eigent Value Equation
M U K U 0
d2U
M 2 KU 0
dt
2
d
M 2 ( sin t ) K ( sin t ) 0
dt
2
M sin t K sin t 0
Where;
: Eigen Vector
: Circular Natural
Frequency
: Eigen Value
( K M ) 0
( K M ) 0
2
K M i 0
Where, i=1,2,3.
(mode shapes)
det K M 0
* Natural Frequency of bar member
f
* Siffness Matrix
1 1
K AE
L 1 1
1 K
2 2 2 M
* Mass Matrix
AL 1 0
M
2 0 1
Determine the Eigen Value and Eigen Vector for the step bar as shown in the fig.
A1=500mm2, A2=250mm2, E=200GPa,=7.8x10-6kg/mm3
A1
A2
1000mm
600mm
K1
K2
U1
U2
U3
*Element 1:
1 1
1 1
K1 A1E1
L1
1
1 1
1 1
K 2 A 2 E 2
L2
1 1
x105 N / mm
1 1
0.83 0.83
x105 N / mm
0.83 0.83
1
0
1
K 1 1.83 0.83 x105 N / mm
0 0.83 0.83
*Element 1:
M1 1A1L1
1 0
0 1
M 2 2 A 2 L 2
2
1.95 0
Kg
0 1.95
1 0
0 1
3
0
0.585
Kg
0.585
0
0
0
1.95
M 0 2.535 0 Kg
0
0
0.585
( K M ) i 0
A
1
1
0
0
0
1.95
x105 0
1
1
.
83
0
.
83
2
.
535
0
0 0.83 0.83
0
0
0.585
U1
x U 2 0
U 3
1.83 0.83
0
2.535
5
x10
0
.
83
0
.
83
0
0
.
585
To evaluate the Eigen Values () consider;
det K M 0
U2
0
x
U3
1 1.83x105 (rad / s) 2
2 0.307 x105 (rad / s) 2
10
Eigen Values
K 1 M 1 0
1.83 0.83
0
5
5 2.535
x10 1.83x10
0
.
83
0
.
83
0
0
.
585
U2
0
x
U3
2.81x105 U 2 0.83x105 U 3 0
U 3 3.45U 2
i.e
Therefore;
U2
3
.
45
U
2
And; U 2
T
3.45U 2
M 1
T
i.e; U 2
0
2.535
3.45U 2
0
0
.
585
3.45U 1
2
U2
U 2 0.325mm
U 3 1.123mm
1.83 0.83
0
5
5 2.535
x10 0.307 x10
0
.
83
0
.
83
0
0
.
585
1.05x105 U 2 0.83x105 U 3 0
U 3 1.26 U 2
i.e
U2
1
.
26
U
2
And; U 2
T
1.26 U 2
M 1
T
U2
0
x
U3
i.e; U 2
0
2.535
1.26 U 2
0
0
.
585
U2
1.26 U 1
2
U 2 0.538mm
U 3 0.678mm
1
1.83x105
f1
68.08Hz
2
2
2
0.307 x105
f2
27.88Hz
2
2
Mode Shape
U
At f1=68.08Hz
0.325
3
-1.123
At f2=27.88Hz
U
0.678
0.538
1