Drill Pipe Coating and

Evaluation
Denver PKS
July 16th, 2012
Ryan Christopher

Drill Pipe Coating Product Line

TK-34

Commercial in 1960
Liquid applied
Epoxy Phenolic
5-9 mils

Temperature Resistance

Withstands all
temperatures commonly
encountered during
drilling, provided that
circulation is maintained.

TK-34XT

Commercial in 1999
Liquid applied
Epoxy Phenolic
5-9 mils
4 x more abrasion resistant

Temperature Resistance

Withstands all
temperatures commonly
encountered during
drilling, provided that
circulation is maintained.

TK-34P

Commercial in 1992*
Powder applied
Epoxy Novolac
6-12 mils
Sour Service
High Acid Resistance

Temperature Resistance

Withstands all
temperatures commonly
encountered during
drilling, provided that
circulation is maintained.

Additional Drill Pipe Coatings

TK-34AL
Aluminum Drill Pipe Coating

DPC
Drill Pipe Coating

TK-100
Old ICO product (Discontinued)

TK-200
Choke and Kill Lines

SPE Paper # 77687

Chevron Genesis
5 19.50# S-135 Drill Pipe
8 Total Completions
17 Frac Pack completions
More than 2,000,000 lbs. 20/40 Mesh Propant
136,000 ft of wireline
8 TCP bar drops
24 ball drop packer setting jobs
Average Pump Rate 23 BPM
Tube Velocity 22 ft./sec.
Acid Exposure 62,000 gallons
- 10% Acetic
-10%Formic

SPE Paper # 77687

Coating Benefits
Corrosion Protection
Extended Life

Hydraulic Improvement
Increase Flow

Mitigate Deposits
Diameter Restriction

Drill Pipe Coating

Cracking in Non Coated Drill Pipe

Corrosion cracks

Corrosion, Fatigue, Wash Out

Slip Cuts

Washouts

Wireline Damage

Drill Pipe
Hydraulics

Factors that affect Flow

Fluid properties
Weight
Viscosity
Velocity

Geometry and
roughness of pipe
Diameter and length
Internal Upsets
Bit nozzles

Hole conditions

Laminar vs Turbulent Flow

Laminar Flow
Parallel velocity
gradients; layers
No interaction
between layers

Turbulent Flow
Irregular flow
patterns
Reflect common
conditions

How coatings contribute

Surface Roughness
Values
Coating
Carbon Steel

4 microns
35 microns

Coating roughness does not degrade

Mud Motor

Rate of Penetration
Increased flow keeps bit
cool and lubricated
Reduces wear and tear
Maintains bit efficiency

Reduces trips to replace bits

Minimizes risk of stuck pipe

Keeps the hole clean
Reduces excessive grinding
of cuttings

SPE Paper # 77687

Hydraulic Benefits of Coatings

Completion Strings

Hydraulic Improvement

During mud displacements to completion fluid,

maximum circulating rate is desired to achieve
turbulent flow effects, which help remove mud film
and water wet the pipe surfaces of the workstring
and casing.
Key Frac Pack design issues are the size of the
workstring and subsequent friction pressure caused
from high rate pumping of cross-linked gel and
proppant.
*SPE 77687

Hydraulic Benefits of Coatings

Completion Strings

Hydraulic Improvement cont.

During perforating work, lower pipe friction is

desired to reduce circulating bottom hole pressure,
and thus reduce fluid losses when reversing out
formation fluids or sand fill. The added friction
pressure from uncoated pipe creates more
backpressure on the formation and thus more
completion fluid losses. This can be expensive and
detrimental to the pay intervals productivity.
*SPE 77687

Coated DP???

Deposit Mitigation

Why coatings work?

Reduced surface profile allows for a
reduction in mechanical binding
capabilities
Smoother Surface

Reduced surface chemical activity

provides for a reduction in chemical
binding capabilities
Inert Surface

Effect of Deposits on Flow

No Deposit

Smooth Deposit (5%)

Rough Deposit (5%)

Scale Deposition

Issues with deposits

Can cause damage to the formation

Wellbore Porosity

Coating Evaluation

Preparation for Evaluation

Make sure that the pipe ID and OD is free from

deposits prior to storage
Wash pipe with fresh water to help remove deposits
that might have adhered to the coating surface

Recommend < 15,000 psi

360o nozzle (no pencil tip)

Never rattle coated pipe

Always use a Teflon drift/rabbit

February 1st, 2011

ExxonMobil

Tools

February 1st, 2011

ExxonMobil

Grading System

1, 2, 3 and 4

Grade to determine the current condition of the

coating

Environment of intended service will

determine which grade is a reject
3 Areas of Inspection

Tool Joint
Internal upset run-out
Tube Body

February 1st, 2011

ExxonMobil

Grade Evaluation

The need for recoating should be made depending

on the severity of future conditions it will be placed

Rule of Thumb: Reject for a grade of 3 or higher in

the up-set run-out, and a grade of between 3 and 4
in the tool joint and tube body

Depending on future running conditions

February 1st, 2011

ExxonMobil

Grading Scale

Light erosion and wear, no chipping, no coating

loss, or new coating

February 1st, 2011

ExxonMobil

Grading Scale 1
In the tool joint

February 1st, 2011

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Grading Scale 1
In the Upset Runout

February 1st, 2011

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Grading Scale 1
In the Upset Runout

February 1st, 2011

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Grading Scale 1
In the Tube Body

February 1st, 2011

ExxonMobil

Grading Scale

Minor wireline wear and erosion with a few chips,

unbroken blisters, and exposed primer

February 1st, 2011

ExxonMobil

Grading Scale 2
In the Tool Joint

February 1st, 2011

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Grading Scale 2
In the Upset Runout

February 1st, 2011

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Grading Scale 2
In the Tube Body

February 1st, 2011

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Grading Scale 2
In the Tube Body

February 1st, 2011

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Grading Scale 2
In the Tube Body

February 1st, 2011

ExxonMobil

Grading Scale

Small hard flakes and ruptured blisters,

heavy wireline wear, and erosion

February 1st, 2011

ExxonMobil

Grading Scale 3
In the Tool Joint

February 1st, 2011

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Grading Scale 3
In the Upset Runout

February 1st, 2011

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Grading Scale 3
In the Upset Runout

February 1st, 2011

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Grading Scale 3
In the Tube Body

February 1st, 2011

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Grading Scale

Severe flaking, blisters, loose or no coating

February 1st, 2011

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Grading Scale 4
In the Tool Joint

February 1st, 2011

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Grading Scale 4
In the Tool Joint

February 1st, 2011

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Grading Scale 4
In the Upset Runout

February 1st, 2011

ExxonMobil

Grading Scale 4
In the Upset Runout

February 1st, 2011

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Grading Scale 4
In the Tube Body

February 1st, 2011

ExxonMobil

Recoating - Case History

February 1st, 2011

ExxonMobil

Thank You

Questions?