Minitab PowerPoint

INTRODUCTION TO
MINITAB
The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 1
Minitab Training Agenda

Worksheet Conventions and Menu Structures
Minitab Interoperability
Graphic Capabilities
Pareto
Histogram
Box Plot
Scatter Plot
Statistical Capabilities
Capability Analysis
Hypothesis Test
Contingency Tables
ANOVA
Design of Experiments (DOE)
Worksheet Format and Structure
Session Window
Menu Bar
Tool Bar
Worksheet Data Window
Data Window Column Conventions
Text Column C1-T
Date Column C2-D
(Designated by -T)
(Designated by -D)
Numeric Column C3
(No Additional Designation)
Other Data Window Conventions
Data Entry Arrow

Column Names
(Type, Date, Count & Amount
Data Rows
Entered Data for Data

Rows 1 through 4
Menu Bar - Menu Conventions
Hot Key Available

(Ctrl-S)
Submenu Available (
at the end of selection)
Menu Bar - File Menu

Key Functions
Worksheet File Management
Save
Print
Data Import
Menu Bar - Edit Menu

Key Functions
Worksheet File Edits
Select
Delete
Copy
Paste
Dynamic Links
Menu Bar - Manip Menu

Key Functions
Data Manipulation
Subset/Split
Sort
Rank
Row Data Manipulation
Column Data Manipulation
Menu Bar - Calc Menu

Key Functions
Calculation Capabilities
Column Calculations
Column/Row Statistics
Data Standardization
Data Extraction
Data Generation
Menu Bar - Stat Menu

Key Functions
Advanced Statistical Tools and Graphs
Hypothesis Tests
Regression
Design of Experiments
Control Charts
Reliability Testing
Menu Bar - Graph Menu

Key Functions
Data Plotting Capabilities
Scatter Plot
Trend Plot
Box Plot
Contour/3 D plotting
Dot Plots
Probability Plots
Stem & Leaf Plots
Menu Bar - Data Window Editor Menu

Key Functions
Advanced Edit and Display Options
Data Brushing
Column Settings
Column Insertion/Moves
Cell Insertion
Worksheet Settings
Note: The Editor Selection is Context
Sensitive. Menu selections will vary for:
Data Window
Graph
Session Window
Depending on which is selected.
Menu Bar - Session Window Editor Menu

Key Functions
Font
Connectivity Settings
Menu Bar - Graph Window Editor Menu
Key Functions
Brushing
Graph Manipulation
Colors
Orientation
Font
Menu Bar - Window Menu
Key Functions
Advanced Window Display Options
Window Management/Display
Toolbar Manipulation/Display
Menu Bar - Help Menu

Key Functions
Help and Tutorials
Subject Searches
Statguide
Multiple Tutorials
Minitab on the Web
MINITAB
INTEROPERABILITY
Minitab Interoperability
Minitab
Excel
PowerPoint
Starting with Excel...
Load file Sample 1

in Excel.
The data is now

loaded into Excel.
Highlight and
Copy the Data.
Move to Minitab...
Open Minitab and

select the column
you want to paste
the data into.
Move to Minitab...
Select Paste from the menu and

the data will be inserted into
the Minitab Worksheet.
Use Minitab to do the Analysis...
Lets say that we would like to

test correlation between the
Predicted Workload and the
actual workload.
Select Stat Regression.
Fitted Line Plot..
This will enter the Actual

Workload data in the
Response (Y) data field...
Minitab is now asking for us to

identify the columns with the
appropriate date.
Click in the box for
Response (Y): Note that our
options now appear in this box.
Select Actual Workload and
hit the select button..

Now click in the Predictor
(X): box. Then click on
Predicted Workload and
hit the select button This
will fill in the Predictor
(X): data field...
Both data fields should now
be filled.
Select OK...

Minitab now does the
analysis and presents the
results...
Note that in this case there
is a graph and an analysis
summary in the Session
Window
Lets say we want to use
both in our PowerPoint
presentation.
Transferring the Analysis...

Lets take care of the graph
first.
Go to Edit. Copy
Graph...

Open PowerPoint and select
a blank slide.
Go to Edit. Paste
Special...

Select Picture (Enhanced
Metafile) This will give
you the best graphics with
the least amount of trouble.

Our Minitab graph is now
pasted into the powerpoint
presentation. We can now
size and position it
accordingly.

Now we can copy the
analysis from the Session
window..
Highlight the text you want
to copy.
Select Edit.. Copy..

Now go back to your
powerpoint presentation..
Select Edit.. Paste..

Well we got our data, but it
is a bit large..
Reduce the font to 12 and
we should be ok..
Presenting the results....

Now all we need to
do is tune the
presentation..
Here we position the
graph and summary
and put in the
appropriate
takeaway...
Then we are ready
to present.
Graphic Capabilities
Pareto Chart....
Lets generate a Pareto Chart
from a set of data.
Go to File Open
Project. Load the file
Pareto.mpj.
Now lets generate the Pareto
Chart...
Pareto Chart....
Go to:
Stat
Quality Tools
Pareto Chart.
Pareto Chart....
Fill out the screen as
follows:
Our data is already
summarized so we will
use the Chart Defects
table...
Labels in Category
Frequencies in
Quantity.
Add title and hit OK..
Pareto Chart....
Minitab now completes

our pareto for us ready to
be copied and pasted into
your PowerPoint
presentation.
Histogram....
Lets generate a Histogram
from a set of data.
Go to File Open
Project. Load the file
2_Correlation.mpj.
Now lets generate the
Histogram of the GPA
results...
Histogram....
Go to:
Graph
Histogram
Histogram....
follows:
Select GPA for our X
value Graph Variable
Hit OK..
Histogram....
Minitab now completes our

histogram for us ready to be
copied and pasted into your
PowerPoint presentation.
This data does not look like it
is very normal.
Lets use Minitab to test this
distribution for normality...
Histogram....
Go to:
Stat
Basic Statistics
Display Descriptive
Statistics.
Histogram....
follows:
Select GPA for our
Variable.
Select Graphs..
Histogram....
Select Graphical
Summary.
Select OK..
Select OK again on
the next screen...
Histogram....
Note that now we not only
have our Histogram but a
number of other descriptive
statistics as well.
This is a great summary
slide...
As for the normality
question, note that our P
value of .038 rejects the null
hypothesis (P<.05). So, we
conclude with 95%
confidence that the data is
not normal..
Histogram....
Lets look at another
Histogram tool we
can use to evaluate and
present data.
Go to File Open
Project. Load the
file overfill.mpj.
Histogram....
Go to:
Graph
Marginal Plot
Histogram....
follows:
Select filler 1 for the
Y Variable.
Select head for the X
Variable
Select OK..
Histogram....
Note that now we not only
have our Histogram but a
dot plot of each head data as
well...
Note that head number 6
seems to be the source of
the high readings..
This type of Histogram is
called a Marginal Plot..
Boxplot....
Lets look at the same data

using a Boxplot.
Boxplot....
Go to:
Stat
Basic Statistics
Display Descriptive
Statistics...
Boxplot....
follows:
Select filler 1 for
our Variable.
Select Graphs..
Boxplot....
Select Boxplot of
data.
Select OK..
Select OK again
on the next
screen...
Boxplot....
We now have our
Boxplot of the data...
Boxplot....
There is another way we
can use Boxplots to view
the data...
Go to:
Graph
Boxplot...
Boxplot....
follows:
Select filler 1 for
our Y Variable.
Select head for our
X Variable.
Select OK..
Boxplot....
Note that now we
now have a box plot
broken out by each of
the various heads..
Note that head
number 6 again
seems to be the
source of the high
readings..
Scatter plot....
Lets look at data using a
Scatterplot.
Go to File Open Project.
Load the file 2_Correlation.mpj.
Now lets generate the Scatterplot
of the GPA results against our Math
and Verbal scores...
Scatter plot....
Go to:
Graph
Plot...
Scatter Plot....
follows:
Select GPA for our Y
Variable.
Select Math and
Verbal for our X
Variables..
Select OK when
done...
Scatter plot....
We now have two
Scatter plots of the
data stacked on top of
each other
We can display this
better by tiling the
graphs.
Scatter plot....
To do this:
Go to Window
Tile...
Scatter plot....
Now we can see

both Scatter plots
of the data
Scatter plot....
There is another way we

can generate these scatter
plots.
Go to:
Graph
Matrix Plot...
Scatter Plot....
follows:
Click in the Graph
variables block
Highlight all three
available data sets
Click on the Select
button...
Select OK when
done...
Scatter plot....
We now have a series
of Scatter plots, each
one corresponding to a
combination of the
data sets available
Note that there appears
to be a strong
correlation between
Verbal and both Math
and GPA data.
Minitab Statistical Tools
PROCESS CAPABILITY
ANALYSIS
Lets do a process capability study.
Open
Open Minitab
Minitab and
and load
load the
the file
file
Capability.mpj.
Capability.mpj.
SETTING UP THE TEST.

Go
Go to
to Stat
Stat Quality
Quality
Tools.
Tools. Capability
Capability
Analysis
Analysis (Weibull).
(Weibull).
SETTING UP THE TEST.

Select
Select Torque
Torque for
for our
our
single
single data
data column...
column...
Enter
Enter aa lower
lower spec
spec of
of 10
10
and
and an
an upper
upper spec
spec of
of 30.
30.
Then
Then select
select OK.
OK.
INTERPRETING THE DATA.
Note
Note that
that the
the data
data does
does not
not
fit
fit the
the normal
normal curve
curve very
very
well...
well...
Note
Note that
that the
the Long
Long Term
Term
capability
capability (Ppk)
(Ppk) is
is 0.43.
0.43.
This
This equates
equates to
to aa ZZ value
value of
of
3*0.43=1.29
3*0.43=1.29 standard
standard
deviations
deviations or
or sigma
sigma values.
values.
This
This equates
equates to
to an
an expected
expected
defect
defect rate
rate PPM
PPM of
of 147,055.
147,055.
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
Setting up the test in Minitab
Load the file

normality.mpj..
Checking the Data for Normality.
Its important that we

check for normality of
data samples.
Lets see how this
works.
Go to STAT. Basic
Statistics... Normality
Test.
Set up the Test
We will test the

Before column of
data.
Check AndersonDarling
Click OK
Analyzing the Results
Since the P value is greater

than .05 we can assume the
Before data is normal
Now repeat the test for the
After Data (this is left to the
student as a learning
exercise..)
Checking for equal variance..

We now want to see if we
have equal variances in our
samples.
To perform this test, our data
must be stacked.
To accomplish this go to
Manip Stack Stack
Columns.

Select both of the
available columns (Before
and After) to stack....
Type in the location where
you want the stacked
data. In this example we
will use C4.
Type in the location where
you want the subscripts
stored In this example we
will use C3.
Select OK.

Now that we have our data
stacked, we are ready to test
for equal variances.
Go to Stat ANOVA.
Test for equal Variances...
Setting up the test.
Our factors is the label

column we created when we
stacked the data (C3)..
Our response will be the

actual receipt performance
for the two weeks we are
comparing. In this case we
had put the stacked data in
column C4.
We set our Confidence
Level for the test (95%).
Then select OK.
Analyzing the data.

Note that we get a
graphical summary of
both sets of data as
well as the relevant
statistics.
Here, we see the 95%

confidence intervals for the
two populations. Since they
overlap, we know that we will
fail to reject the null
hypothesis.
Here we have box plot

representations of both
populations.
The F test results are

shown here. We can
see from the P-Value of
.263 that again we
would fail to reject the
null hypothesis. Note
that the F test assumes
normality
Levenes test also
compares the variance
of the two samples and
is robust to nonnormal
data. Again, the PValue of .229 indicates
that we would fail to
reject the null
hypothesis.
Lets test the data with a 2 Sample t Test

Under Stat Basic
- several
Statistics. We see
of the hypothesis tests which
we discussed in class. In this
example we will be using a 2
Sample t Test.
Go to Stat. Basic
Statistics.. 2 Sample t..
Since we already have

our data stacked, we
will load C4 for our
samples and C3 for our
subscripts.
Since we have already
tested for equal
variances, we can
check off this box
Now select Graphs.
We see that we have

two options for our
graphical output. For
this small a sample,
Boxplots will not be of
much value so we
select Dotplots of
data and hit OK. Hit
OK again on the next
screen.
Interpreting the results.

In the session window we have
each populations statistics
calculated for us..
Note that here we have a P value

of .922. We therefore find that the
data does not support the
conclusion that there is a
significant difference between the
means of the two populations...
Interpreting the results.
The dotplot shows how close

the datapoints in the two
populations fall to each other.
The close values of the two
population means (indicated by
the red bar) also shows little
chance that this hypothesis
could be rejected by a larger
sample
Paired Comparisons
In paired comparisons we are trying to pair
observations or treatments. An example would be
to test automatic blood pressure cuffs and a nurse
measuring the blood pressure on the same
patient using a manual instrument.
It can also be used in measurement system
studies to determine if operators are getting the
same mean value across the same set of samples.
Lets look at an example:
2_Hypothesis_Testing_Shoe_wear.mpj
2_Hypothesis_Testing_Shoe_wear.mpj
In this example we are trying to determine if shoe
material A wear rate is different from shoe
material B.
Our data has been collected using ten boys, whom
were asked to wear one shoe made from each
material.
Ho: Material A wear rate = Material B wear rate
Ha: Material A wear rate Material B wear rate
Paired Comparison
Go to Stat.
Basic Statistics
Paired t..
Paired Comparison
Select the samples

Go to Graphs.
Paired Comparison
Select the
Boxplot for our
graphical output..
Then select OK..
Paired Comparison
We see how the 95%
confidence interval of the
mean relates to the value we
are testing. In this case, the
value falls outside the 95%
confidence interval of the
data mean. This gives us
confirmation that the shoe
materials are significantly
different.
CONTINGENCY TABLES
(CHI SQUARE)
Entering the data.
Enter the data in a table

format. For this example,
load the file Contingency
Table.mpj...
Lets set up a contingency table.
Contingency tables are

found under Stat.
Tables Chi Square
Test.
Select the columns

which contain the table.
Then select OK
Performing the Analysis.

Note that you will have the critical
population and test statistics displayed
in the session window.
Minitab builds the table for you. Note

that our original data is presented and
directly below, Minitab calculates the
expected values.
Here, Minitab calculates the Chi Square
statistic for each data point and totals the
result. The calculated Chi Square statistic
for this problem is 30.846.
ANalysis Of VAriance
ANOVA
Lets set up the analysis
Load the file Anova

example.mpj
Stack the data in C4 and
place the subscripts in C5
Set up the analysis.
Select Stat
ANOVA
One way
Select
C4 Responses
C5 Factors
Then select Graphs.
Choose boxplots
of data...
Then OK
Analyzing the results.
Note that the P value is less than .05

that means that we reject the null
hypothesis
Lets Look At Main Effects.
Choose Stat
ANOVA
Main Effects Plot.
Main Effects
Select
C4 Response
C5 Factors
OK
Analyzing Main Effects..

Main Effects Plot - Data Means for Liters Per H
22
Liters Per H
21
20
19
18
Liters/Hr 1
Liters/Hr 2
Liters/Hr 3
Formulation
Formulation 1 Has Lowest Fuel Consumption

DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS
(DOE)
FUNDAMENTALS
First Create an Experimental

Design...
Go to
Stat
DOE
Factorial...
Create Factorial
Design...
First Create an Experimental

Design...
Select 2 Level
Factorial design with
3 factors
Then go to Display
Available Designs.
Bowling Example (continued)

We can now see the
available experimental
designs. We will be
using the Full (Factorial)
for 3 factors and we can
see that it will require 8
runs
Now, select OK and go
back to the main screen.
Once at the main screen
select Designs...
Select your design.

We will be using the Full
(Factorial) and again we
can see that it will
require 8 runs
select Factors...

Fill in the names for
your factors.
Then fill in the actual
conditions for low (-) or
high (+)
select Options...
Remove the option to

Randomize Runs.
select OK...
Minitab has now

designed our experiment
for us.
Now, type your Data
from each of your
experimental treatments
into C8.
We are now ready to
analyze the results
Go to
Stat.
DOE
Factorial...
Analyze Factorial
Design...
Highlight your Data

column and use Select
to place it in the
Responses box.
Then, select the Terms
Option.
Note that Selected

Terms has all of the
available choices
already selected. We
need do nothing further.
Select OK.
Then, at the main screen
select Graphs
Select your Effects Plots

and reset your Alpha to .
05.
Select OK to return to
the main screen and
then select OK again.
Note that only one effect

has a significance
greater than 95%.
All the remaining factors
and interactions are not
statistically significant.

Another way we can
look at the data is to look
at the Factorial Plots of
the resulting data.
Go to
DOE.
Factorial
Factorial Plots.

Select Main Effects
Plot and then Setup

Select C8 as your
response
Select
Wristband, Ball
and Lane as
your factors.
Then select OK
and OK again on
the main screen.

The magnitude of the vertical displacement indicates the strength of the
main effect for that factor. Here we see that the wristband has dramatically
more effect than any other factor. We know from our earlier plots that the
wristband is the only statistically significant effect @ 95% confidence.
This plot also shows you the direction of the main effects. We clearly
see that the with condition is related to the higher level of performance.

Now lets look at the
interactions....
Go to
DOE.
Factorial
Factorial Plots
Select InteractionPlot
and then Setup..

Select C8 as your
response variable.
Select Wristband,
Ball and Lane as
your factors.
Then select OK and
OK again on the next
screen.

We know from our earlier analysis that none of these interactions were
statistically significant for this experiment..
The more the

lines diverge from
being parallel, the
more the
interaction.
We see that the strongest interaction (still not
significant) is between the lane and the ball.
Bowling Example (Session Window)

This is where Minitab shows us
the Main Effects and Interaction
Effects..
Note that Wristband has the
strongest effect followed by the
interaction between the Wristband
and the Lane...
You can also see
that there is zero
error
This is because
only 1 run was
performed with no
replications

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INTRODUCTION TO

The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 1

Minitab Training Agenda

Worksheet Format and Structure

Worksheet Data Window

The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 3

Data Window Column Conventions

Text Column C1-T

Date Column C2-D

Other Data Window Conventions

Data Entry Arrow

Entered Data for Data

Menu Bar - Menu Conventions

Hot Key Available

The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 6

Menu Bar - File Menu

The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 7

Menu Bar - Edit Menu

The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 8

Menu Bar - Manip Menu

The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 9

Menu Bar - Calc Menu

The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 10

Menu Bar - Stat Menu

The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 11

Menu Bar - Graph Menu

The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 12

Menu Bar - Data Window Editor Menu

Menu Bar - Session Window Editor Menu

The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 14

Menu Bar - Graph Window Editor Menu

The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 15

Menu Bar - Window Menu

The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 16

Menu Bar - Help Menu

The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 17

The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 18

The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 19

Starting with Excel...

Load file Sample 1

The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 20

Starting with Excel...

The data is now

The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 21

Starting with Excel...

The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 22

Open Minitab and

The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 23

Select Paste from the menu and

The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 24

Use Minitab to do the Analysis...

Lets say that we would like to

The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 25

Use Minitab to do the Analysis...

This will enter the Actual

Minitab is now asking for us to

The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 26

Use Minitab to do the Analysis...

The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 27

Use Minitab to do the Analysis...

The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 28

Transferring the Analysis...

The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 29

Transferring the Analysis...