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HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY
AN INTEGRATED APPROACH
Dee Unglaub Silverthorn, Ph.D.
Potassium Balance:
Critical for Excitable Heart & Nervous Tissues
Potassium Balance:
Critical for Excitable Heart & Nervous Tissues
Potassium Balance:
Critical for Excitable Heart & Nervous Tissues
Type A Intercalated cells excrete H+ absorb HCO3 Type B intercalated cells absorb H+ secrete HCO3-
Figure 1
An overview of the pathogenesis of CKD
progression. Although there is considerable
interaction between BP-dependent and BPindependent initiating mechanisms, BPdependent mechanisms predominate in
hypertensive CKD states. BP independent
mechanisms may modulate hypertensive injury
and also contribute to CKD progression in
normotensive states. AR, autoregulation; BP,
blood pressure; CKD, chronic kidney disease; NO,
nitric oxide; RAAS, reninangiotensin
aldosterone system; ROS, reactive oxygen species
Copyright 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Summary
Electrolyte balance depends on integration of
circulatory, excretory and behavioral physiology
Water recycling and ECF/plasma balance
depends on descending loop of Henle and
vasopressin regulated collecting duct for
conservation
Osmolarity depends on aldosterone and
angiotensin pathway to regulate CNS & endocrine
responses
Along with respiration, proximal tubule and
collecting duct cells reabsorb or excrete H+ &
HCO3- to balance pH
Copyright 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings