Techniques of Child Rearing

and
Impact on Childs
Personality

Child Rearing:

Child rearing refer to the upbringing of a child usually from 0-13

years of age.
There are various factors that affect child rearing. Some of them
are:
Socialization;
Culture;
Variation with culture;
Parents own upbringing; and
Scientific knowledge

Socialization:
Socialization is the process by which children learn
standards of behavior.
It is a life long process whereby an individual acquires
skills, roles, expectations, and values of a culture or a social
group in which he grows. There are some forces within the
family which affect socialization such as:
the mother is working outside home;
fatherless families;
siblings relationships; and
adopted children.

Effect of Culture:
Child rearing techniques vary from culture to culture
and also within cultures. The main reason for the
variations in the techniques used by parents lies in the
concept of the good or ideal children accepted by a
particular culture.
Conceptions about the goodness or ideal child in a
way determine the kind of methods parents use for the
socialization process.

Variation within culture:

Neighborhood, caste and community, socio-economic class to
which the family belongs and schools are other forces which
influence socialization practices.
The family system exists in a set of larger systems which
influences child rearing practices used by parents.
The value systems of an urban and rural community may
differ in many aspects and also affect the child rearing
practices.

Parents own
upbringing:
The standards of behavior
expected by parents and the
child rearing practices
emerge out of the parents
own upbringing.

The advances in
scientific
knowledge:
Child develop- mentalists and
child-psychologist have
contributed greatly towards
understanding of children and
helped parents to provide a
desirable environment to their
children

Authoritarian

Types of
Parents

Permissive

Supportive

Authoritarian Parents:
temperamentally harsh, tough and restrictive;
no expression of feelings and thoughts;
define set of rules for their children without asking their
opinion;
attempt to shape the behavior and attitudes of the child
according to a set of standards which they think are the only
correct one;
favor punitive measures to force children to obey their
commands; and
think that they will be able to curb the self-will of a child by
coercion and punishment.

Impact of Authoritarian Parents:

Generates a negative attitude among children.
Children become dependent, unable to take initiative.
These children are often quarreling with and bullying the
other.
They dont respect the adults and dont like to respect the
traditional values and order.
They lack self-confidence and the ability to cope
realistically with their problems.
In extreme cases, they are inclined to self- punishment
which sometimes lead to suicidal tendencies.

Permissive Parents:
Domineering over protectors:
believe that fulfillment of their childs every need is their responsibility.
wish their child from failure or from pin-in a way from realities of life.
are concerned about the childs physical safety especially during
toddlerhood.

Indulgent over protectors:

are loving, warm, affectionate but much less controlling than the
domineering over-protectors.
sometimes allow their children to do whatever they like.
lay down very few dos and donts.
never instruct their children about manners and morals.

Impact of
Permissive
Parents:
Children of indulgent over
protectors may become:
disobedient,
rebellious, and
aggressive.
Children of the domineering
over protectors appear:
their relationship with other
children does not get built on
an equal footing,
find it difficult to assert their
rights, feel insecure and
home sick,
exhibit personality traits like
submissiveness, dependence,

Authoritative and Supportive Parents:

do not expect a blind obedience from children.
explain the consequences of the childs self-chosen action.
praise a good act of a child and exchange views on topics from manners to
morals.
listen to their children and allow them to participate in the decision making
process.
set clear standards for children to follow about the rightness and have patience
for the children in implementing them.
their punishments are never harsh and never lead to the physical or
psychological harm.

Impact of Authoritative and

Supportive Parents:
Most well-adjusted, achieving competent
youngsters come from these homes.
The children are obedient but not of fear.
They are outgoing and independent from the
beginning.
The supportive and warm environment encourages
exploration, curiosity and self -reliance leading to
achievement and accomplishment.

Thank
You