A POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON WELL

HEAD EQUIPMENTS FOR HIGH PRESSURE

WELLS
Dr. T.K.Naiya

What is a well head equipment?

GENERAL EQUIPMENT ATTACHED TO THE

TOP OF THE TUBING MATERIALS

SUPPORTS THE WEIGHT OF STRING
PROVIDES SEAL BETWEEN THE STRINGS
CONTROLS PRODUCTION FROM THE WELL
MADE UP OF CAST FORGED STEEL

A typical well head assembly

Basic components of a high

pressure well head assembly
CASING HEAD
TUBING HEAD
CASING HANGER
TUBING HANGER

Lowermost casing head

Unit attached to the surface casing pipe
Means for supporting the next string of casing
Contains a casing hanger bowl to receive next casing

hanger
Contains top flange for attaching to BOP stack

Specifications of casing head

Types:male connection type,female

connection type and welded connection type
Sizes:from normal 6 inch to 20 inch to support
casing strings of sizes from 4.5 to 16 inches
Working pressure:at least equal to formation
breakdown pressure or greater that or equal
to the internal pressure rating of the
casing.maximum pressure should be at least
equal to the formation pressure at the bottom
of next casing string

Casing hanger
Seated in the casing bowl of the lowermost or

intermediate casing head

Suspends next smaller casing strings
Provides seal between the suspended casing and the
casing head bowl
TYPES:automatic type,manual type,sliptype,bowl weevil type

Slip weld type casing hangger

Slipped casing hanger WD hanger is used for connecting the casing head and
the surface casing ,it make slip insert unclasps casing through the outside force;
The W hangers structure is the casing automatic stimulation seal structure; WE
and G type is the manual stimulation seal structure.

Tubing head
SPOOL TYPE UNIT ATTACHED TO THE TOP FLANGE ON THE UPPERMOST

CASING HEAD
PROVIDES SUPPORT TO THE TUBING HEAD
SEALS THE ANNULAR SPACE BETWEEN TUBING STRING AND PRODUCTION
CASING STRING
TYPES:UNIT WITH FLANGED TOP AND
BOTTOM,UNIT WITH FLANGED TOP AND THREADED BOTTOM

Tubing head

Tubing head adapter flange

It is an intermediate flange used to connect the top flange to the

master valve
Types:studded type, spool type, threaded type adapter flange

Studded type tubing head adapter flange

Threaded Adapter Flange

Tubing head

No.

Description

Quantity

Grease filling valve

BT sealing ring

Tubing head spool

Tubing hanger

Top screw

12

Top screw cap

12

7
8

Packing
Packing ring

60

No.

Description
Tubing hanger
body
Fastening cap
Washer
Sealing ring
Oring
Oring

1
2
3
4
5
6

Tubing Hanger

Quantity
1
1
1
1
1

Tubing Head Spool And Hanger

The tubing head usually is a big spool with flanges on the both ends, installed on the
upper flange of the tubing head to hang the tubing string and seal the annular space
between the tubing string and casing. The tubing head consists of tubing tool and
tubing hanger.
The function of the tubing head
1.Hanging the tubing string inside the well;
2.Sealing the annular space between the tubing and the casing;
3.Providing transition to connect the casing head in the lower section and the Xmas
tree in the upper section;
4.Carrying out casing inject and clean-out of the well through the two side outlets on
the tubing spool body.
Tubing hanger
The tubing hanger is used for supporting the tubing string and sealing the annulus
space between the tubing and casing.
The connection between the tubing hanger and the tubing takes advantage of the
tubing weight and gets seated inside the cone body of the tubing hanger spool and
seals, which is easy to operate, fast and safe in changing the wellhead, making it
popular way adopted by medium depth and regular wells. The tubing head spool
made should conforms to the API6A standard. The body is made of forgings or
special castings, which can withstand high pressure and safe.
The side outlets are threaded or studded. The studded side outlet has 1 1/2LP female
thread.

Tubing hanger
Provides seal between the tubing and tubing head
Resembles casing hanger
Types:wrap type,polished joint hanger,ball weevil

hanger,strip rubber hanger

Adapter
Used to join connections of different dimensions
May be used to connect two flanges different

flanges or a flange to a threaded joint

Crossover flange is an intermediate flange used to
connect intermediate flanges of different working
pressure
Types:double studded crossover flange,restricted
ring in the top

Adapter Flanges

Adapter flange

Back pressure valve

A back pressure valve is a check valve
installed in the tubing hanger to seal the bore of
tubing while removing the BOP and installing the
Christmas tree.

TYPES:
1. Secured in place with threads
2.Secures with an expanding lock mechanism