Significant

People in
SPED

Phillipe Pinel (1745-1826)

French physician
Concerned with the
humanitarian treatment of
individuals with mental illness
Strongly influenced the work
of
Itard

Jacob Rodrigues Pereine

(1715-1780)
Introduced the idea that
persons who were deaf
could be taught to
communicate
Developed an early form of
sign language
Provided inspiration and
encouragement for the work
of Itard and Seguin

Jean Marc Gaspard Itard

(1774-1838)

French physician
Authority on the diseases of the
ear and the education of deaf
students
Systematic efforts to educate an
adolescent thought to be severely
mentally retarded
Educated Victor the wild boy
form Aveyron

 Introduced key
concepts in SPED:
1. Instructional
sequence derived
from a normal
development
2. Individualized
instruction
3. Sensory stimulation
4. Systematic
instruction simple
to complex tasks
5. Activities that will
build independence

Eduoard Seguin (18121880)

A pupil of Itard
A French physician responsible for
developing teaching methods for
children with mental retardation
His training program emphasized
sensory motor activities
Pioneered programs in the US and
helped found the organization that
was the forerunner of the AAMR

Maria Montessori
Began her career as a physician and
spent her earliest years working with
children with mental retardation
Observed the natural, spontaneous
behavior of children and arrange
learning experiences to encourage
development
Created sensorial materials
Emphasis on task analysis, sequencing
tasks
and individualization
prepared environment

Samuel Gridely Howe

(1801-1976)

An American physician and educator

Known for his success in teaching
individuals with visual and hearing
impairments
Founded the first facility for the blind
teaches deaf and blind students
Was successful in teaching Laura
Bridgeman who was deaf and blind
influenced the education of Helen Keller
Children who are handicapped can learn
and should have an organized education
not just compassionate heart

Louis Braille (1809-1852)

A French educator who himself
was blind
Developed a tactile system of
reading and writing based on a
code or six raised dots.

Alfred Binet (1857-1911)

Intelligence can be measured and can
be improved through education
Authored the first developmental
assessment scale capable of
quantifying intelligence
Originated the concept of the mental
age
with his colleague Theodore Simon
The test also aims to determine which
children could succeed in schools and
which children need SPED

Lewis Terman (1877-1956)

An American educator and
psychologist who revised Binets
original assessment instrument
Publication of the Stanford-Binet
Intelligence Scale
Developed the notion of
intelligence quotient (IQ)
Grandfather of gifted education
lifelong
study of gifted individuals

Thomas Gallaudet
Taught the children with hearing
impairment to communicate via a
system of manual signs and
symbols