Organizations will be facing increasingly

complex challenges in the future.

Project based working promotes flexible
and efficient working practices.

Project management facilitates the smooth

running of horizontally oriented network.

Project management facilitates the smooth

running of horizontally oriented work.
In large scale projects an almost entirely
self-contained project team can be created.
More typically, projects will use resources
that remain under departmental control.

Managing work as projects originated in

military and construction initiatives
This approach has now been adopted by
all areas of industry and commerce.

 Project Management

The appointment of project leaders who are

committed, and respected by the team.
A shared belief in what the team is trying to
achieve and a constant focus on the goals.

 Matrix Management

Staff report to their own line manager as

well as to the project manager.
Temporary horizontal management
structures represent each project.

All of the relevant line managers should

contribute to project planning.
There should be formal procedures in
placing for resolving conflicts.
Project staff should feel committed to the
project as well as to their department.

 Sources of Conflict

 Management Structures

If the technical interest is ignored the endproduct may not be technically feasible
The marketing or user interest should be
represented at senior management level.
If the business interest is ignored, there
may be little or no commercial benefit.

 Senior Management Roles

The project sponsor may be either internal

or external to the organization.
It is responsible for authorizing and funding
the project.
Programme management skills may be
required by the project sponsor.

Approve the project estimates and commit

the appropriate resources.
The plans should always reflect the
current resource and delivery projections.
The project owner should demonstrate an
ongoing commitment to the project.

 The Project Manger

Make recommendations and put into

effect the decisions made.
Be aware that disagreements have the
the potential to arise at all levels.
Personality conflicts often manifest as a
dispute over a project issue.

 The Sub-Project Manger

Present the project manager with regular

progress reports.
Manage the project teams through the task
leaders.
Ensure the sub-project is fulfilling its
business and technical objectives.

 The Task Leader

Task leaders can have a profound effect

on the overall performance of the project.
Project management positions should not be
made solely in recognition of technical ability.
Care should be taken in order to avoid
creating resentment and dissatisfaction.

Managing the life cycle

Project Life-Cycles

 Project managing initiation

 Managing Project Activities

 Managing Project Closure

The end Project report details the main

findings and outcome of the project.
Did the project deliver its intended endproduct within the time and budgetary
limits set?

 Project Team Fundamentals

Project based work has given rise to the

creation of multi-disciplinary teams.
Successful team working requires careful
consideration and design.

Project teams can take on a variety of forms

depending on the size of the project.
Project oriented organizations tend to
maintain a dedicated project office.
Departmental staff should be appointed by
agreement of the project and line managers.

 Motivating Team Members

 The project manager should arrange a oneto-one discussion with each team member.
Involve team members in the planning and
scheduling of their project activities.
Open and frank communication is essential for the
success of the project.

 Creating a Project Office