Quantitative Chemistry

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Question 1
What is the mass in grams of one molecule of
ethanoic acid CH3COOH?

0.1

1 x 10-22

3.6 x 1025

60

Wrong Answer!
Molar mass of CH3COOH is 24 + 4 + 32 = 60

Question 2
Which is not a true statement?

One mole of methane

contains four moles of
hydrogen atoms.

One mole of 12C has a

mass of 12.00g.

One mole of hydrogen

gas contains 6.02 x 1023
atoms of hydrogen.

One mole of methane

contains 75% of carbon
by mass.

Wrong Answer!
1 mole of hydrogen gas contain 6 x 1023 molecules of
hydrogen gas. Since 1 mole of hydrogen is made up of 2
H atoms, 1 mole of hydrogen gas contains 2 x 6 x 1023
atoms.

Question 3
Which sample has the greatest mass?

1.0 mol N2H4

2.0 mol N2

3.0 mol NH3

25.0 mol H2

Wrong Answer!
A: 1 x (28+4) = 32g
B: 2 x 28 = 56g
C: 3 x (14+3) = 51g
D: 25 x 2 = 50g

Question 4
Which one of the following statements about SO 2
is/are correct?
I. One mole of SO2 contains 1.8 x 1024 atoms
II. One mole of SO2 has a mass of 64g

Both I and II

Neither I nor II

I only

II only

Wrong Answer!
SO2 is made up of 3 atoms, hence 1 mole of SO 2
contains 3 x 6 x 1023 atoms.
Molar mass of SO2 = 32 + 32 = 64.

Question 5
2Cl2 represents:

two chlorine molecules

two chloride ions

two chlorine atoms

four free chlorine atoms

Wrong Answer!
2Cl2 represents two chlorine molecules : Cl-Cl and Cl-Cl

Question 6
Which one of the following equations is not
correctly balanced?

Ca(s)+2H+(aq)
Ca 2+(aq)+H2 (g)

Mg(s)+ H2O(l)
Mg(OH)2 (aq)+H2(g)

Fe 2+(aq)+Ag+(aq)
Fe3+(aq)+ 2Cl-(aq)

Fe 2+(aq)+ Cl2 (g)

Fe3+(aq)+ 2Cl-(aq)

Wrong Answer!
The charge is not balanced.

Question 7
Sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide react together
according to the equation?
H2SO4(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) Na2SO4(aq) + 2H2O(l)
What volume of 0.250 moldm-3 NaOH is required to
neutralise exactly 25.0 cm3 of 0.125 moldm-3 H2SO4 ?

6.25 cm3

50 cm3

12.5 cm3

25.0 cm3

Wrong Answer!
Conc x Vol of NaOH = 2 x Conc x Vol of H2SO4
0.25 x Vol of NaOH = 2 x 0.125 x 25
Vol of NaOH = 25 cm3

Question 8
Which expression represents the density of a gas
sample of relative molar mass, Mr, at
temperature T, and pressure, P?

PM r
RT

RM r
PT

RT
PM r

PM r
T

Wrong Answer!
nRT PV
m
PV

M r RT
m PM r

V
RT
Density =

PM r
RT

Question 9
Separate samples of two gases, each containing a
pure substance, are found to have the same
density under the same conditions of
temperature and pressure. Which statement
about these two samples must be correct?

They have the same

volume.

There are equal numbers

of moles in the two
samples.

They have the same

relative molecular mass.

They condense at the

same temperature.

Wrong Answer!
nRT PV

Under the same pressure and

temperature where R is a constant, they
should have the same relative molecular
mass.

m
PV

M r RT
m PM r

V
RT
Density =

PM r
RT

Question 10
A 250 cm3 sample of an unknown gas has a mass
of 1.42g at 350C and 0.85 atmospheres. Which
expression gives its molar mass, Mr? (R = 82.05
cm3 atm K-1 mol-1)

1.41 82.05 35
0.25 0.85

1.41 82.05 308

0.25 0.85

1.41 250 0.85

82.05 308

1.41 82.05 308

250 0.85

Wrong Answer!
nRT PV
mass
RT PV
Mr
Mr

massRT
PV

Question 11
What is the concentration of nitrate ions in 0.500cm 3
of 0.60moldm-3 Fe(NO3)3 solution?

0.60 moldm-3

0.90 moldm-3

1.20 moldm-3

1.80 moldm-3

Wrong Answer!
Fe(NO3)3 Fe3+(aq) + 3NO3-(aq)
Nitrate ions concentration = (0.6 x 3) = 1.80 moldm -3

Question 12
32.0 grams of sulfur (atomic mass of 32.0)
combine with a metal, M (atomic mass of 40.0)
to give a product which weighs 52.0g. What is
the empirical formula of the sulfide formed?

MS

MS2

M2 S

M2S5

Wrong Answer!
Amount of M atoms = (52-32)/40 = 0.50 mol
Amount of S atoms = 32/32 = 1.0 mol
Multiplying through by 2 gives MS2

Question 13
Under what conditions of temperature and pressure will a real gas
behave most like an ideal gas?
Temperature
Pressure

Low

Low

Low

High

High

High

High

Low

Wrong Answer!
High pressure will bring the gas molecules very close
together. This causes more collisions and also allows the
weaker attractive forces to operate. With low
temperatures, the gas molecules do not have enough
kinetic energy to continue on their path to avoid the
attraction.

Question 14
At stp (i.e. 00C and 1 atm pressure (101 kPa)), it
was found that 1.15 dm3 of a gas weighed
3.96g. What is its molar mass?

77 gmol-1

47 gmol-1

39 gmol-1

4 gmol-1

Wrong Answer!
PV 101000 Pa 1.15 10 3 m3
n

0.0512mol
1 1
RT
8.31Jmol K 273K
3.96g
Molar mass =
77.34 gmol 1
0.0512mol

Question 15
A sample of argon gas in a sealed container of
fixed value is heated from 50 to 2500C. Which
quantity will remain constant?

Average speed of the

atoms

Pressure of the gas

Average kinetic
energy of the atoms

Density of the argon

Wrong Answer!
All properties will increase in value except density which
remain constant since the mass and volume of gas
remain constant.

Question 16
Nitrogen(II) oxide,NO, is made from the oxidation of NH3:
4NH3 + 5O2 4NO + 6H2O
An 8.5g sample of NH3 gives 15.0g of NO. What is the
percentage yield of NO?

40%

60%

80%

100%

Wrong Answer!
Amount of NH3 = 8.5/17 = 0.5 mol
Amount of NO = 15/30 = 0.5 mol
Percentage yield = 0.5/0.5 x 100% = 100%

Question 17
A pure compound contains 24g of carbon, 4g of
hydrogen and 32g of oxygen. No other elements
are present. What is the empirical formula of the
compound?

C2H4O2

CH2O

CH4O

CHO

Wrong Answer!
No. of moles of C = 24/12 = 2
No. of moles of H = 4/1 = 4
No. of moles of O = 32/16 = 2
Dividing all by 2 gives a ratio of C:H:O = 1:2:1
The empircal formula is CH2O

Question 18
1000cm3 of ammonia gas combines with 1250cm 3 of
oxygen to produce two gaseous compounds with a
combined volume of 2500cm3, all volumes being
measured at 2000C and 0.500 atm pressure. Which of
the following equations fits the facts?

4NH3 + 7O2
4NO2 + 6H2O

4NH3 + 5O2
4NO + 6H2O

4NH3 + 5O2
4N2O2 + 6H2O

4NH3 + 3O2
2N2+ 6H2O

Wrong Answer!
4 vol + 5 vol 10 vol
Experimental data 1 vol + 1.25 vol 2.5 mol
Multiplying throughout by 4 gives 4 vol + 5 vol 10 vol

Question 19
Butane burns in oxygen according to the equation
2C4H10(g) + 13O2(g) 8CO2(g) + 10H2O(g)
If 11.6g of butane is burned in 11.6g of oxygen
which is the limiting reagent?

Neither

Butane

Oxygen

Oxygen and butane

Wrong Answer!
No. of moles of butane = 11.6/58 = 0.2
No. of moles of oxygen = 11.6/32 = 0.3625
2 mols of butane react with 13 mols of oxygen
0.2 mols of butane will react with 1.3 mols of oxygen.
0.3625 mols of oxygen will react with 0.05577 mols butane.
The limiting reagent is oxygen since the no. of mols of butane
produced by 0.3625 mols is smaller.

Question 20
A 350cm3 sample of helium gas is collected at
22.00C and 99.3kPa. What volume would this
gas occupy?

318cm3

450cm3

477cm3

220cm3

Wrong Answer!
350cm3 99.3kPa 273K
V2
101.3kPa 295 K
V2 317.5034cm3 318cm3

Question 21
When 250 cm3 of 3.00 moldm-3 HCl(aq) is added to
350 cm3 of 2.00 moldm-3 HCl(aq) the
concentration of the solution of hydrochloric acid
obtained in moldm-3 is:

1.45

2.90

2.50

2.42

Wrong Answer!
(250+350)/1000 x Conc of HCl
= 250/1000 x 3 + 350/1000 x 2
Conc of HCl = (0.25 x 3 + 0.35 x 2)/0.6 = 2.416moldm -3

Question 22
Magnesium reacts with hydrochloric acid according to the
following equation:
Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) MgCl2(aq) + H2(g)
What mass of hydrogen will be obtained if 100 cm 3
of 2.00 moldm-3 HCl are added to 4.86g of magnesium?

2.0g

0.8g

0.4g

0.2g

Wrong Answer!
No. of moles of HCl = 100/1000 x 2 = 0.2
No. of moles of Mg = 4.86/24 = 0.2025
The limiting reagent is HCl
Since 2 mols of HCl produces 1 mol H2, 0.2 mols of HCl
produces 0.1 mol H2. Hence, 0.1 x 2g = 0.2g of H2

Question 23
12g of anhydrous magnesium sulfate combines
with 12.6g of water to form hydrated manesium
sulfate. What is the formula of the hydrated
magnesium sulfate?

MgSO4.9H2O

MgSO4.7H2O

MgSO4.5H2O

MgSO4.3H2O

Wrong Answer!
No. of moles of MgSO4 = 12/122 = 0.09836
No. of moles of H2O = 12.6/18 = 0.7
Multiplying by 10 to both gives approximately
1 mole MgSO4 and 7 moles H2O

Question 24
In order to dilute 40.0 cm3 of 0.600 moldm-3
HCl(aq) to 0.100 moldm-3, what volume of water
must be added?

60 cm3

160 cm3

200 cm3

240 cm3

Wrong Answer!
M1V1= M2V2
0.600moldm-3 x 40.0cm3 = 0.600moldm-3 x V2
V2 = 240cm3
V2 V1 = 240 40 = 200 cm3

Congratulations!