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Volume Ratio and

Standardization of
KMnO4 and FeSO4
Solutions

Introduction:
Reduction-oxidation involves the titration of a
reducing agent with an oxidizing agent, or viceversa, the equivalence point of which is usually
indicated by indicators such as diphenylamine
or starch (except for permanganate process).
Redox may be defined in terms of electron
transfer. Oxidation is a result of loss of electron
(by reducing agent) and reduction is a result of
gain of electron (by the oxidizing agent).

Redox methods include the following processes:

1. Permanganate
2. Dichromate
3.Ceric
4. Iodimetric

Potassium Permanganate (KMnO4) is a

powerful oxidizing agent is useful for many
redox by direct or indirect methods. It can
oxidize ferrous iron, stannous tin, mercurous
mercury,
oxalates,
nitrites
and
sulfites.
Permanganate titrations can be done in acidic or
alkaline conditions. In acid, manganese gains 5
electrons as follows:

MnO4- + 8H+ + 5e
4H2O

Mn2+ +

In alkaline conditions, permanganate is reduced to

MnO2 resulting to a gain of 3 electrons only.

If
potassium
permanganate
is
standardized in acid medium and is used to
titrate samples in alkaline medium, the
concentration of the permanganate is
multiplied with 3/5 to convert the
concentration to alkaline medium.

The
intense
purple
color
of
permanganate solution affords it an
inherent advantage of acting as the
indicator itself. An excess of one drop
permanganate gives a pink color to the
sample solution which indicates the end
point. Its disadvantage is the tendency
to decompose on standing or exposure
to
light
which
is
further
hastened
in
the
Objectives:
presence of acid.
1. To determine the concentration of KMnO4
and FeSO4.
2. To introduce the concept of redox

Procedure;
1. Volume Ratio of KMnO4 and FeSO4
a. Rinse and fill the glass-stoppered buret with
KMnO4 and likewise do the same with the
base
buret using FeSO4 solution.
b. Deliver about 30 mL of the ferrous solution
into a 250 mL Erlenmeyer flask, dilute to 100
mL with distilled water and add 10 mL 6N
H2SO4.
c. Titrate the ferrous solution with KMnO4 to a
light pink end point that persist for more than
15 seconds.

2. Standardization of KMnO4 and

FeSO4

a. Weigh 0.10 g duplicate portions of dry Na 2C2O4

in a weighing paper.
b. Dissolve in 200 mL distilled water in an
Erlenmeyer flask and add 30 mL of 6N H2SO4.
c. Heat the solution to 80-90C.
d. Titrate the sample with KMnO4 with constant
stirring of the flask to a light pink end point.
The
temperature should not fall below 70C during
the whole process of titration.
e. Run a duplicate.
f. Balance the working equation in the activity
sheet.

3.
Calculations:
a. Volume Ratio
mL KMnO4
volume KMnO4 used
mL FeSO4
volume FeSO4 used
mL FeSO4
volume FeSO4 used
mL KMnO4 volume KMnO4 used

b. Net
Volume
Net VolumeKMnO4

VKMnO VFeSO

KMnO4

c. Molarity of KMnO4

mL FeSO4

])

x mL

1000 mg
mass of primary standard Na2C2O41xg
MKMnO4 =

net Vol KMnO4 x mw Na2C2O4 x 5 mmole

Na2C2O4
2 mmole
KMnO4

Safety Instructions: (If

applicable)

Potassium permanganate is a strong

oxidizing agent. CAUTION. Do not allow
to come in contact with any organic
substance and metal. May form
explosive reaction in the presence of
organic substance and metal.