SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE

TADAO ANDO

SAMPADA THAPA MAGAR(236)

SUSHRITA KC(246)

SUSTAINABILITY
In ecology, sustainability is how biological
systems remain diverse and productive. Long-lived
and healthy wetlands and forests are examples of
sustainable biological systems. In more general
terms, sustainability is the endurance of systems
and processes. The organizing principle for
sustainability is sustainable development, which
includes the four interconnected domains: ecology,
economics, politics and culture.

SUSTAINABLE DESIGN
The philosophy of designing physical objects, the
built environment, and services to comply with the
principles
of social, economic,
and ecological sustainability.

COMMON PRINCIPLES

Low-impact materials: choosing non-toxic, sustainably

produced or recycled materials which require little
energy to process
Energy efficiency: use manufacturing processes and
produce products requiring less energy
Emotionally durable design
Design impact measures for total carbon footprint and
life-cycle assessment for any resource used are
increasingly required
Sustainable design standards and project design
guides

COMMON PRINCIPLES

Biomimicry : Redesigning industrial systems on

biological lines, enabling the constant reuse of
materials in continuous closed cycles
Service substitution: Shifting the mode of consumption
from personal ownership of products to provision of
services which provide similar functions. E.g. from a
private automobile to a car sharing service.
Renewability: Use of materials from nearby (local),
sustainably managed renewable sources that can
be composted after use
Robust eco-design

SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE
-INITIATION

Earth Day, April 22, 1970-the world voiced their

concern about the population growth and the
exponential increase in industrial activity
Supplies of fossil fuels cut back and energy prices
increased during the 70's
People began to search for ways of protecting the
environment and using less energy in their
buildings
The clean-burning fuels and electric cars were
(and are) yet to become economically sound
The easiest places to experiment with
sustainability was within the living space

SUSTAINABLE
ARCHITECTURE
Can be practiced in following ways
Sustainable energy use
Sustainable building materials
Waste management
Building placement

SUSTAINABLE
ARCHITECTURE

The most important and cost-effective element of

an efficient heating, ventilating, and air
conditioning (HVAC) system is a well-insulated
building
Passive solar building design allows buildings to
harness the energy of the sun efficiently without
the use of any active solar mechanisms such
as photovoltaic cells or solar hot water panels

Passive solar heating

Use of high thermal mass and strong insulation

Shading devices
Decidious trees

Passive solar building

design

RENEWABLE ENERGY GENERATION

Heat pumps

Wind turbines

RENEWABLE ENERGY GENERATION

Solar panels

Solar water heating

SUSTAINABLE BUILDING MATERIALS

Recycled materials
Lower volatile organic compounds
recycled denim or cellulose insulation rather than
the building insulation materials that may contain
carcinogenic or toxic materials such as
formaldehyde
Materials sustainability standards
-Various proposals have been made regarding
rationalization of the standardization landscape for
sustainable building materials

*BEAUTY AND SUSTAINABLE

DESIGN

Frank Gehry has called green building bogus

National Design Awards winner Peter Eisenman has
dismissed it as having nothing to do with architecture
Architect Lance Hosey, whose book The Shape of Green:
Aesthetics, Ecology, and Design (2012)argues not just that
sustainable design needs to be aesthetically appealing in
order to be successful, but also that following the principles
of sustainability to their logical conclusion requires
reimagining the shape of everything designed, creating
things of even greater beauty.

*EMOTIONALLY DURABLE DESIGN

According to Professor Jonathan Chapman of
the University of Brighton, UK, emotionally durable
design reduces the consumption and waste of natural
resources by increasing the resilience of relationships
established between consumers and products.
According to him, 'emotional durability' can be achieved
through consideration of the following five elements:

Narrative: How users share a unique personal history

with the product

*EMOTIONALLY DURABLE
DESIGN

Consciousness: How the product is perceived as

autonomous and in possession of its own free will.
Attachment: Can a user be made to feel a strong
emotional connection to a product?
Fiction: The product inspires interactions and
connections beyond just the physical relationship.
Surface: How the product ages and develops
character through time and use.

Example : Stained tea cups

-product challenges the
assumption that uses i.e.
scratches, discoloration,
wear and tear is damaging
or bad
-more the cup is used, the
more the pattern is
revealed and, over time,
the intensity of the pattern
will increase from the stain
of tea

*Eco fashion and home

accessories

Creative designers and artists are perhaps the

most inventive in upcycling or creating new
products from old waste. E.g. decommissioned fire
hose to make belts and bags
Eco design may also use bi-products of industry,
reducing the amount of waste being dumped in
landfill, or may harness new sustainable materials
or production techniques e.g. fabric made from
recycled PET plastic bottles or bamboo textiles.

EXAMPLES

Mato ghar
-Godawari: Narayan Acharya
- earth from foundation was
used for walls in ground floor
- upper floor walls: bamboo, timber and
sawdust
-double glazing and double roof system
has made the building thermally
comfortable
- reuse of bottles in the bathroom gives
an interesting play on light in the room

EXAMPLES

Solar umbrella house

-California
-Designed by:Brooks and Scarpa
-produces 95% of its electricity
from solar energy
-Passive and active solar design
strategies render the residence
nearly 100% energy neutral

TADAO ANDO

TADAO ANDO

TADAO ANDO(1941, Osaka, Japan)

Self educated in architecture from 1962-69 by travelling to

USA, Europe and Africa

He visited buildings designed by renowned architects like

Le Corbusier, Ludwig Mies Van der Rohe, Frank Lloyd
Wright and Louis Kahn

Established Tadao Ando and associates in 1969, Osaka

Japanese religion and style of life strongly influenced his

architecture and design

The simplicity of his architecture emphasizes the concept of

sensation and physical experiences, mainly influenced by
the Japanese culture

He favors designing complex spatial circulation while

maintaining the appearance of simplicity

These paths interweave between interior and exterior spaces

formed both inside large-scale geometric shapes and in the
spaces between them

His work is known for the creative use of natural light and for
architectures that follow the natural forms of the landscape
rather than disturbing the landscape by making it conform to
the constructed space of a building

The principal material used is concrete, glass and steel

His architectural expressions are spatial proportion,

openness and enclosure, spatial composition, the expression
of the materials shaping space, and the amount and
directionality of light filling space

INFLUENCES AND PRINCIPLES

light is the origin of all being. Lights give with each

moment, new form to being and new
interrelationships to things and architecture
condenses light to its most consice being.
The creation of space in architecture is simply the
condensation and purification of the power of light.
Architecture is responsible for performing the
attitude of the site and then turning it into visible
perceptions.
Believes the inconvenience and discomfort are not
without recompense.

SOME OF HIS PROJECTS

CHURCH OF LIGHT, IBARAKI, JAPAN (1989)

The space of the chapel is defined by light, the

strong contrast between light and solid.

In the chapel light enters from behind the altar from a

cross cut in the concrete wall that extends vertically
from floor to ceiling and horizontally from wall to wall,
aligning perfectly with the joints in the concrete.

At this intersection of light and solid the occupant is

meant to become aware of the deep division
between the spiritual and the secular within himself
or herself.

CHURCH OF LIGHT, IBARAKI, JAPAN (1989)

The church was planned as an add-on to the wooden

chapel and minister's house that already existed at the
site

The Church of the Light consists of three 5.9m concrete

cubes (5.9m wide x 17.7m long x 5.9m high) penetrated
by a wall angled at 15, dividing the cube into the chapel
and the entrance area.

One indirectly enters the church by slipping between the

two volumes, one that contains the Sunday school and
the other that contains the worship hall.

The benches, along with the floor boards, are made of

re-purposed scaffolding used in the construction.

THERE ARE FEW OPENINGS

IN THIS SPACE, SINCE LIGHT
DISPLAYS ITS BRILLANCE ONLY
AGAINST A BACKDROP OF
DARKNESS

LOTUS TEMPLE
(Hyogo, Japan)

The building holds up an elliptical pond

filled with lily pad enclosing statue of
buddha
Concrete walls fan out behind the pond
to form a flower-like enclosure for the
space and create a transition path

Entrance through downstairs- cast

into darkness and then to circular
hallway, approach the shrine area
more daylight is able to pierce
through and bounce off the walls to
create a red glow
Unlike most Japanese Buddhist
temple(timber construction), made
of concrete