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  • Hip Joint Dislocation

    Загружено:

    Dr Raseena Vattamkandathil
    90 просмотров30 страниц
    This document summarizes common dislocations of the hip and elbow joints. For hip joints, it describes posterior, anterior, and central fracture-dislocations. Posterior dislocation is most common, often causing a chip fracture of the posterior acetabulum. It results from force directed along the femur with the hip flexed. Clinical features include pain, deformity, and shortening of the leg. Treatment involves closed or open reduction depending on fracture presence. Complications can include sciatic nerve injury, avascular necrosis of the femoral head, osteoarthritis, and myositis ossificans. For elbow joints, the document lists the most common types of dislocation and notes severe pain, bowstringing of the trice

    Исходное описание:

    aetiology,clinical factors and treatment of hip joint dislocation

    Оригинальное название

    Hip Joint dislocation

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    This document summarizes common dislocations of the hip and elbow joints. For hip joints, it describes posterior, anterior, and central fracture-dislocations. Posterior dislocation is most common, often causing a chip fracture of the posterior acetabulum. It results from force directed along the femur with the hip flexed. Clinical features include pain, deformity, and shortening of the leg. Treatment involves closed or open reduction depending on fracture presence. Complications can include sciatic nerve injury, avascular necrosis of the femoral head, osteoarthritis, and myositis ossificans. For elbow joints, the document lists the most common types of dislocation and notes severe pain, bowstringing of the trice

    Авторское право:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Скачайте в формате PPTX, PDF, TXT или читайте онлайн в Scribd
    Отметить как неприемлемый контент
    90 просмотров30 страниц

    Hip Joint Dislocation

    Загружено:

    Dr Raseena Vattamkandathil
    This document summarizes common dislocations of the hip and elbow joints. For hip joints, it describes posterior, anterior, and central fracture-dislocations. Posterior dislocation is most common, often causing a chip fracture of the posterior acetabulum. It results from force directed along the femur with the hip flexed. Clinical features include pain, deformity, and shortening of the leg. Treatment involves closed or open reduction depending on fracture presence. Complications can include sciatic nerve injury, avascular necrosis of the femoral head, osteoarthritis, and myositis ossificans. For elbow joints, the document lists the most common types of dislocation and notes severe pain, bowstringing of the trice

    Авторское право:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Скачайте в формате PPTX, PDF, TXT или читайте онлайн в Scribd
    Отметить как неприемлемый контент
    из 30

    DISLOCATIONS OF HIP

    JOINT

    1. Posterior dislocation-commonest
    2. Anterior dislocation
    3. Central fracture - dislocation

    POSTERIOR DISLOCATION

    Head of femur pushed out of


    acetabulum
    In 50% chip fracture of posterior lip
    of acetabulum: fracture dislocation

    meachanism
    Force directed along the shaft of
    femur with hip flexed
    Need moderately severe forceRTA{Dashboard injury}
    Occupant of car thrown forwards and
    knee strikes against dash board

    Clinical features
    History of severe trauma
    Pain and swelling
    Deformity: flexion, adduction and
    internal rotation
    Shortening of leg
    head of femur in gluteal region felt
    Often missed

    Radiological features
    Femoral head is out of acetabulum
    Thigh internally rotated-lesser
    trochanter not seen
    Look for any bony chip from posterior
    lip of acetabulum or head
    CT if fracture suspected

    Closed reduction,emergency

    Leg kept in light traction with hip


    abducted for 3 weeks
    Hip mobilisation exercises

    Open reduction if
    Closed reduction fails-late
    presentation
    Intra articular loose fragment not
    allowing accurate reduction
    If acetabular fragment is large and
    from the weight bearing part of
    acetabulum

    COMPLICATIONS

    Injury to sciatic nerve

    Injury to sciatic nerve


    If associated with bony fragment
    from posterior lip of acetabulum
    Neuropraxia-recovers spontaniously
    If severly damaged-poor prognosis

    Avascular necrosis of
    femoral head
    15-20%
    Pain in hip after a painless period
    following treatment

    Avascular head appears dense and


    gradually collapses

    In a few years changes of osteo arthritis-hip


    replacement

    osteoarthritis
    Late complication
    Causes
    1.
    Avascular deformed head
    2.
    Incongruous acetabulum and femoral
    head
    . treatment conservative
    . Total hip replacement

    Myositis ossificans

    Few weeks to months after injuary


    Persistant pain and stiffness of hip
    Common in head injuary
    Treatment : rest and analgesics

    Mass of fluffy new bone around hip

    Anterior dislocation of hip


    Rare injuary
    When legs are forcibly abducted and
    externally rotated
    Fall from a tree when leg got stuck or
    RTA
    Limb in external rotation
    True lengthening with heard palpable
    in groin
    Treatment and complications similar
    to posterior dislocation

    Central fracture-dislocation
    of hip
    common
    Femoral head is driven through
    medial wall of acetabulum towards
    pelvic cavity
    Skeletal traction distally and
    laterally:8-12 weeks
    Surgical reconstruction of acetabular
    floor
    Complication: osteoarthritis and joint
    stiffness

    ELBOW JOINT
    DISLOCATION

    1.
    2.
    3.
    4.

    Posterior-commonest
    Posteromedial
    Posterolateral
    diverget

    Severe pain at the elbow


    Bowstringing of triceps
    Three bony points relationship is
    reversed
    Often median nerve palsy

    Reduction under anaesthesia


    Immobilisation in above elbow
    plaster slab for 3 weeks
    Complications
    -elbow stiffness
    -myocytis

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