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FOURTH EDITION
N. G R E G O R Y M A N K I W
PowerPoint Slides
by Ron Cronovich
2007 Thomson South-Western, all rights reserved
CHAPTER 1
CHAPTER 1
Principle
Principle #1:
#1: People
People Face
Face Tradeoffs
Tradeoffs
All decisions involve tradeoffs. Examples:
Principle
Principle #1:
#1: People
People Face
Face Tradeoffs
Tradeoffs
Principle
Principle #2:
#2: The
The Cost
Cost of
of Something
Something Is
Is What
What
You
You Give
Give Up
Up to
to Get
Get ItIt
CHAPTER 1
Principle
Principle #2:
#2: The
The Cost
Cost of
of Something
Something Is
Is What
What
You
You Give
Give Up
Up to
to Get
Get ItIt
Examples:
The opportunity cost of
going to college for a year is not just the tuition,
books, and fees, but also the foregone wages.
seeing a movie is not just the price of the ticket,
but the value of the time you spend in the theater.
CHAPTER 1
Principle
Principle #3:
#3: Rational
Rational People
People Think
Think at
at the
the
Margin
Margin
Principle
Principle #3:
#3: Rational
Rational People
People Think
Think at
at the
the
Margin
Margin
Examples:
10
Principle
Principle #4:
#4: People
People Respond
Respond to
to Incentives
Incentives
11
ACTIVE LEARNING
Exercise
1:
ACTIVE LEARNING
Answers
1:
13
ACTIVE LEARNING
Answers
1:
Observations:
14
The next
three principles
deal with how people
interact.
CHAPTER 1
15
Principle
Principle #5:
#5: Trade
Trade Can
Can Make
Make Everyone
Everyone Better
Better
Off
Off
produce
buy other goods more cheaply from abroad
than could be produced at home
CHAPTER 1
16
Principle
Principle #6:
#6: Markets
Markets Are
Are Usually
Usually A
A Good
Good Way
Way
to
to Organize
Organize Economic
Economic Activity
Activity
17
Principle
Principle #6:
#6: Markets
Markets Are
Are Usually
Usually A
A Good
Good Way
Way
to
to Organize
Organize Economic
Economic Activity
Activity
CHAPTER 1
18
Principle
Principle #6:
#6: Markets
Markets Are
Are Usually
Usually A
A Good
Good Way
Way
to
to Organize
Organize Economic
Economic Activity
Activity
19
Principle
Principle #7:
#7: Governments
Governments Can
Can Sometimes
Sometimes
Improve
Improve Market
Market Outcomes
Outcomes
CHAPTER 1
20
Principle
Principle #7:
#7: Governments
Governments Can
Can Sometimes
Sometimes
Improve
Improve Market
Market Outcomes
Outcomes
21
Principle
Principle #7:
#7: Governments
Governments Can
Can Sometimes
Sometimes
Improve
Improve Market
Market Outcomes
Outcomes
CHAPTER 1
22
A C T I V E L E A R N I N G 2:
Discussion Questions
In each of the following situations, what is the
governments role? Does the governments
intervention improve the outcome?
a. Public schools for K-12
b. Workplace safety regulations
c. Public highways
d. Patent laws, which allow drug companies to
charge high prices for life-saving drugs
23
CHAPTER 1
24
Principle
Principle #8:
#8: A
A countrys
countrys standard
standard of
of living
living
depends
depends on
on its
its ability
ability to
to produce
produce goods
goods &
&
services.
services.
CHAPTER 1
25
Principle
Principle #8:
#8: A
A countrys
countrys standard
standard of
of living
living
depends
depends on
on its
its ability
ability to
to produce
produce goods
goods &
&
services.
services.
26
Principle
Principle #9:
#9: Prices
Prices rise
rise when
when the
the
government
government prints
prints too
too much
much money.
money.
27
Principle
Principle #10:
#10: Society
Society faces
faces aa short-run
short-run
tradeoff
tradeoff between
between inflation
inflation and
and unemployment
unemployment
CHAPTER 1
28
29
30
31
CONCLUSION
Economics offers many insights about the
behavior of people, markets, and economies.
CHAPTER 1
32
CHAPTER SUMMARY
The principles of decision making are:
CHAPTER 1
33
CHAPTER SUMMARY
The principles of interactions among people are:
CHAPTER 1
34
CHAPTER SUMMARY
The principles of the economy as a whole are:
CHAPTER 1
35