Best Practices For Implementing, Administering, and Troubleshooting XenDesktop 7.5

Best Practices for Implementing, Administering,
and Troubleshooting XenDesktop 7.5

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Architecture and design considerations

for a successful deployment
Agenda
Administration habits to help maintain

and support a XenDesktop 7.5 site
Troubleshooting tips and the top three
problem types
Resources discussed, Q&A
2014 Citrix. Confidential.
Best Practices for Implementing

The XenDesktop 7.5 architecture and considerations for
successful deployment
XenDesktop 7.5 architecture
Virtual Desktop
Agent
Delivery
Controller
SQL Database

The XenDesktop Delivery Controller
Facilitates distribution of applications and desktops

Coordinates with hypervisor
Manages the desktop states
Authenticates and manages user access
Brokers connections between users and target resources
6

The XenDesktop Delivery Controller
AD Identity
Service
Delivery Controller Services

NEW
(
Machine
Creation
Service
NEW
Citrix
Environment
Test Service
7
Host
Service
(7.x)
NEW
Monitoring
Service
Broker
Service
(7.x)
7.x)
NEW
(
Configuration
Logging
Service
7.x)
Configuration
Service
NEW
(
Delegated
Admin Service
7.x)

The XenDesktop Database
Stores Site configuration, Configuration Logging, and

Monitoring data
Persistent DB availability is required
High-Availability and Fault Tolerance options
Mirroring
Clustering
Leveraging hypervisor H/A features
Support for SQL 2012 AlwaysOn Availability Groups
8

Security
Each controller has its own SQL login to
the database
- Machine account DOMAIN\MACHINE$
Controller permissions are restricted

No rights to change the schemas
9
Use this box as a guideline

for proper image placement.
Place your image on top and
align to box.

Support for assigning your site, configuration logging, and

monitoring schemas into separate databases
10

The XenDesktop Virtual Desktop Agents
Performs controller registration and manages the HDX

connection
VDA types
Workstation VDA
- Single-user
Server VDA
- Multi-user
- Remote Desktop Services (RDS) coordinates connections
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Dedicated?
Users?
How frequently?
Bandwidth?
Internal access
Pooled?
Hypervisor?
ItSites?
depends
es?
External access?
aintenance?
From where?
Mobile devices?
Random or static?
12
How many images?
Thin clients? Storage?
Updates?
urces?
PvD?
Security res
Which users?
CGP?
Design Best Practices

Understand the product design and basic how-tos
XenDesktop 7.5 eDocs
Understand the factors within your environment that

influence the design
Citrix Virtual Desktop Handbook 7.x
Citrix XenDesktop 7.5 Blueprint Whitepaper
Leverage Citrix design resources

Project Accelerator
13
Project Accelerator
http://project.citrix.com
Assess
Design
14
Administration Best Practices

Habits and pointers for maintaining a
XenDesktop 7.5 environment
Administrative Best Practices

Take care of your XenDesktop database!
Establish a regular backup schedule
Occasionally review the size XenDesktop
database transaction logs
DB growth due to VDA communication CTX139508
May be preferable to use Simple recovery mode
Do a dry run of a failover scenario

16

Manual failover
Manually redirecting your XenDesktop site to a failover

database location
XenDesktop SDK PowerShell cmdlets:
17
1. Load XenDesktop snap-ins.
Add-PSSnapin Citrix*
2. Get the existing database

connection strings.
Get-LogDataStore
Get-MonitorDataStore

Manual failover

database location
18
3. Set a variable for the new

connection string.
$cs = "Server=sqlsrvr2012b;Initial
Catalog=XD75Site;Integrated
Security=True
4. Disable configuration logging.
Set-LogSite -State Disabled

Manual failover

database location
5. Remove all the current
database connections
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Removing current database connections
Set-LogDBConnection -DataStore Logging -DBConnection $null
Set-MonitorDBConnection -DataStore Monitor -DBConnection $null
Set-MonitorDBConnection -DBConnection $null
Set-AcctDBConnection -DBConnection $null
Set-ProvDBConnection -DBConnection $null
Set-BrokerDBConnection -DBConnection $null
Set-EnvTestDBConnection -DBConnection $null
Set-SfDBConnection -DBConnection $null
Set-HypDBConnection -DBConnection $null
Set-ConfigDBConnection -DBConnection $null -force
Set-LogDBConnection -DBConnection $null -force
Set-AdminDBConnection -DBConnection $null -force
20

Manual failover

database location
5. Remove all the current
database connections
6. Set all the database
connections to the new
connection string
21

Setting the database connections
Set-ConfigDBconnection -DBConnection $cs
Set-AdminDBconnection -DBConnection $cs
Set-LogDBconnection -DBConnection $cs
Set-AcctDBconnection -DBConnection $cs
Set-BrokerDBconnection -DBConnection $cs
Set-EnvTestDBconnection -DBConnection $cs
Set-HypDBconnection -DBConnection $cs
Set-MonitorDBconnection -DBConnection $cs
Set-ProvDBconnection -DBConnection $cs
Set-SfDBconnection -DBConnection $cs
Set-LogDBConnection -DataStore Logging -DBConnection $cs
Set-MonitorDBConnection -DataStore Monitor -DBConnection $cs
22

Manual failover

database location
7. Re-enable configuration
logging
8. For confirmation, test Broker
Service connectivity
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Set-LogSite -State Enabled
Test-BrokerDBConnection $(GetBrokerDBConnection)

Director offers real-time
assessment of a XenDesktop
environment
Provides details regarding the
health of the various XenDesktop
components
Offers functionality for
troubleshooting machines,
sessions, and connections
24

Performance Monitoring Using Director
Infrastructure health overview
Hosting alerts
Delivery Controller service,
database, & license statuses
VDA health
25
Failed start-ups and boots

Unregistered machines
Current load (Server OS)
Connected systems
Logon times

26

Session and connection health

Activity manager
Session details
Machine details
27
Troubleshooting Best Practices

Techniques for troubleshooting XenDesktop 7.5 and the top
three problem types

When bad things happen to good environments
This is the first Ive
tried this and its not
working.
29
Something changed
and I didnt do it.
Something changed
and Im the one that
caused it.

Methodology
Investigate
Analyze
Implement
30

Gathering data
XenDesktop data collection
Deliver Controller Logging
- Event logs
- Controller service logging
VDA Logging
- Event logs
- BrokerAgent logging
- PortICA logging
Scout
- Environmental data
- XDPing
- CDF Tracing
31
Troubleshooting Machine creation

Case study: Catalog creation fails with an unknown error exception
32

33

New-ProvScheme -AdminAddress 'sw-xd75-ddc-01.get.services.citrite.net:80' -HostingUnitName 'Synergy Demo
Resources' -IdentityPoolName 'Synergy Demo' -LoggingId 85ed5a85-28a4-48f6-80b9-816a6585ef45 -MasterImageVM
'XDHyp:\HostingUnits\Synergy Demo Resources\SW-VDA-W7x64-01.vm\Old Base.snapshot\Base.snapshot\VDA 7.1
RTM (Build 4033).snapshot\Citrix_XD_Synergy Demo.snapshot' -NetworkMapping @{'0'='XDHyp:\HostingUnits\Synergy
Demo Resources\Happy Little VDA Network.network'} -ProvisioningSchemeName 'Synergy Demo' -RunAsynchronously
-Scope @() -VMCpuCount 2 -VMMemoryMB 2048
34

35
Troubleshooting Registration
Case study: Recently-booted pooled VDAs are intermittently not
registering
Test VDA -> Controller communication
Ping the FQDN of the Controller
Telnet to the IP address of the Controller on port 80
Review port usage on the Controller using Netstat
Test Controller -> VDA communication

Ping the FQDN of the VDA
Telnet to the IP address of the VDA on port 80
Review port usage on the VDA using Netstat
Confirm the time on both the Controller and the VDA

36
registering
Verify ListOfDDCs value in the registry
37
registering
Verify ListOfDDCs value in the registry
Use Scout / XDPing to identify issues between the
VDA and Controller
Enable VDA logging / Capture CDF traces
38
Troubleshooting Connection
Case study: Workstation VDA connection fails with no error
Desktop Viewer is loading

Request is made to the Delivery Controller
ICA file is received
Connection attempt to the VDA is being made
Gathered VDA CDF traces to review for

potential cause
39
40
Dynamic memory settings

Hyper-V Startup memory
- 32-bit: 1.5 GB
- 64-bit: 2.5 GB
41
Next Steps
Best Practices for Implementing, Administering, and
Troubleshooting XenDesktop 7.5
Resources
XenDesktop 7.5 eDocs http://
support.citrix.com/proddocs/topic/xenapp-xendesktop/cds-xenapp-xendesktop-75-landing.html
Virtual Desktop Handbook 7.x http://support.citrix.com/article/CTX139331
XenDesktop 7.5 Blueprint Whitepaper http://
www.citrix.com/content/dam/citrix/en_us/documents/products-solutions/xendesktop-deployment-blueprint
.pdf
Project Accelerator http://project.citrix.com/
XenDesktop 7.x Database Sizing http://support.citrix.com/article/CTX139508
Citrix Blog: New Citrix Best Practices http://blogs.citrix.com/2014/01/02/new-citrix-best-practices/
43
Q&A
Best Practices for Implementing, Administering, and
Troubleshooting XenDesktop 7.5
WORK BETTER. LIVE BETTER.
45

Best Practices For Implementing, Administering, and Troubleshooting XenDesktop 7.5

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Architecture and design considerations

Administration habits to help maintain

2014 Citrix. Confidential.