Weathering

What is Weathering?
Pagbabago dulot nang panahon

Weathering is the breaking down of rocks, soil

and minerals as well as artificial materials

through contact with the Earth's atmosphere,
biota and waters.
BIOTA the animal and plant life of a particular region, habitat, or
geological period.

Two Forms of Weathering

Physical or

mechanical
weathering
-(Pisikal o mekanikal
pagbabago dulot ng
panahon)

- is the class of
processes that causes
the disintegration of
rocks without chemical
change.

Chemical Weathering

changes the composition of

rocks, often transforming them
when water interacts with
minerals to create various
chemical reactions.

Frost Wedging- the mechanical break up

of rock is due to the expansion of freezing water in
cracks.
- is caused by the repeated freeze-thaw cycle of
water in extreme climates.

.Pressure release-also known as unloading, overlying materials (not

necessarily rocks) are removed (by erosion, or other processes), which causes
underlying rocks to expand and fracture parallel to the surface.

. Salt-crystal growth-causes disintegration of rocks when saline

solutions seep into cracks and joints in the rocks and evaporate, leaving
salt crystals behind.

. Thermal stress-results from the expansion and contraction of

rock, caused by temperature changes.
.Water (hydraulic) action disintegration of rocks is caused by
water from powerful wave move rapidly into cracks in the rock.

Physical weathering-

movements of the Earth

and environment can break apart rock formations,
causingphysical weathering.
-paggalaw ng Mundo at kapaligiran .Ang magiging dahilan
nang pag- kasira nang isang bato sa kanyang Anyo .Kayat
Nagiging dahilan nang pag babago .

Chemical weathering-

Chemical weathering is caused by rain water reacting with

the mineral grains in rocks to form new minerals (clays)
and soluble salts. These reactions occur particularly when
the water is slightly acidic.

Causes of chemical weathering

1.Carbonation The process usually involves carbon dioxide under
high pressure. When the pressure is reduced, the carbon dioxide is
released from the solution as small bubbles.

2.Hydrolysis the chemical breakdown of a compound due to

reaction with water.

3.Oxidation the process or result of oxidizing or being

oxidized.

4. Biological weathering is the weakening and subsequent

disintegration of rock by plants, animals and microbes.
Growing plant roots can exert stress or pressure on rock

Soil Composition

Profile-soil forms layers of different characteristic called

horizons

Different Soil Horizons

Characteristics of Soil
Texture-The mineral components of soil are
sand, silt and clay, and their relative proportions
determine a soil's texture.

Soil PH- is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity

in soils.

Color-Soil colour is often the first impression one has

when viewing soil.