AVENGERS

SUBMITTED BY

AISHWARYA (27)
ZAIN(24)
NISHU(01)
SEHNAWAJ SYED(43)

VIDEO CONFERENCING

Videoconferencing is an interactive tool that incorporates audio,

video, computing, and communications technologies to allow
people in different locations to electronically collaborate face-toface, in real time, and share all types of information including
data, documents, sound and picture. In essence
videoconferencing removes the barrier of distance that separates
us.

It

enables one set of people to see and hear people in a

different location. In its most basic form is the transmission of
image (video) and speech (audio) back and forth between two or
more physically separate locations. Also known as Video
teleconference.

VIDEO CONFERENCING COMPONENTS

CAMERA

To capture & send video during

video conferencing.

MICROPHONE

To capture & send audio during

video conferencing.

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SPEAKERS
To play the audio received during video
conferencing.

MONITOR
To display the video received
during video conferencing.

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CODEC

Codec - Coder Decoder( COmpressor-DECompressor )- makes the

audio/video data "small enough" to be practical for sending over expensive
network connections.

A codec takes analog signals, compresses and digitizes them, and

transmits the signals over digital phone lines.

Compression rates of up to 1:500 can be achieved.

The resulting digital stream of 1s and 0s is subdivided into labeled packets,

which are then transmitted through a digital network.

videoconferencing SYSTEMS
Dedicated systems

Have all required components packaged into a single piece of equipment.

Usually a console with a high quality remote controlled video camera.
Large group videoconferencing: non-portable, large, more expensive
devices used for large rooms and auditoriums.
Small group videoconferencing: non-portable or portable, smaller, less
expensive devices used for small meeting rooms.
Individual videoconferencing: usually portable devices, meant for single
users, have fixed cameras, microphones and loudspeakers integrated into the
console.

Desktop systems

Are add-ons to normal PCs, transforming them into videoconferencing devices.

VIDEOCONFERENCING
TYPEs
Point-to-point

A videoconference that connects two locations.

Each site sees and hears the other sites at all times

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Multi-point

A videoconference that connects to more

than two sites through the use of a multi-point control
unit( MCU ) or video hub.

Participants at all sites can hear one another at all times and see the
site that is currently speaking.
( Voice activated switching)

This is a bridge that interconnects calls from several sources.

Uses of Videoconferencing
Business

Videoconferencing provides businesses with the

ability to meet and to work with others over a distance.

Distance Learning

Saving travel time and expenses.

Increasing an instructor's audience.
Maintaining the ability for interaction between
student

teachers and

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Telecommuting / Home Office

Working out of home has never been easier or more

practical. Videoconferencing makes it possible to stay
connected with people in a very real way.

Videoconferencing allows users to save resources by

meeting with clients and/or colleagues via videoconference.
This reduces travel expenses, while maintaining face-to-face contact.

Legal Environment

The use of videoconferencing technology is becoming

more prevalent in todays courtrooms. Videoconferencing
systems are used to enable testifying witnesses to
appear in court without having to travel to the courtroom.

ETIQUETTE FOR VIDEO

CONFERENCING
ALLOW A FEW MINUTES FOR SETTING UP AND
SHUTTING DOWN THE VIDEO CONFERENCE
STICK TO TIME LIMITS
REMEMBER TO MUTE YOUR MICROPHONE WHEN YOU ARE NOT TALKING
CONSIDER USING A LOCATION BANNER
DONT MULTI TASK ON
CAMERA

Advantages

It avoids the participants having to spend time travelling to meet each other.

Saves travel costs.

The participants in different locations are able to work on the same

electronic document.

Seeing the person that you are communicating with can give important
visual clues that are not available during a telephone conversation.

By eliminating time and district barriers, meetings can be hold anytime,

anywhere with anyone. In this way, meetings are shorter and more effective.
And also with the rich collaboration tools, decisions can be made faster.

Disadvantages
A high bandwidth communication link is required to transmit and receive
high quality images.
There is a short time lag between speaking and receiving a response that
can disrupt the natural flow of a conversation.
High quality dedicated video-conferencing systems are expensive to buy.
Some meetings require a personal touch to be successful. Video
conferencing can be less personal than meeting face to face, and it can be
possible to miss out on vital body language when youre struggling with a
pixilated image or stuttering video.

Impact on education
Videoconferencing provides students with the opportunity to learn by
participating in two-ways communication forums. Furthermore, teachers and
lectures worldwide can be brought to remote or otherwise isolated education
facilities. Students from diverse communities and backgrounds can come
together to learn about one another, although language barriers will
continue to persist . Such students are able to expose, communicate,
analyze and share information and ideas with one another, through
Videoconferencing. Students can visit other parts of the world to speak with
their peers and visit museums and education facilities. Such virtual field
trips can provide enriched learning opportunities to students, especially
those in geographically isolated locations and to the economically
disadvantages.

A few example of benefits that videoconferencing can provide in campus

environment include :
Faculty members keeping tours with classes while attending conferences.
Guest lectures brought in classes from other institutions.
Students interviews with an employer in other cities teleseminars.

ACCESSORIES FOR VIDEOCONFERENCING

Auto-tracking Cameras can follow the speaker and are particularly useful
in classroom environments.
Document Cameras are used to show live images of hard copy documents
and 3D images to the remote end.
Scan Converters take a VGA computer display and convert it to NTSC
(video) format for display on a video monitor.
Video Printers print the television monitor screen image.
Videoconference Lighting makes a dramatic difference in how you look to
people on the other end of conferences.
Videoconference Furniture will be necessary if you are planning to
convert your existing conference room into a videoconference room.
Video Processors are needed to manipulate video signals from multiple
sources