POLLUTION

LESS ENGINE

BY:
YOGESH KUMAR GAUR
KUMAR GUPTA
ROLL NO- 1329040119
mechanical dept.)
BRANCH- MECHANICAL ENG.
ABES INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

SEMINAR GUIDE:
Prof. PRADEEP
(Head of the

OVERVIEW:
Why

it came into existence.

Pollution effect.
History.
Stirling engine.
Types of Stirling engine.
Parts of Stirling engine.
Stirling cycle process and analysis.
Advantages.
Application.
Conclusions.

Why it came into existence?

To develop engines with :

higher power,
high torque,
less vibration,
most essentially with no pollution.

Engine such as reciprocating internal

combustion engine produce air pollution
emission, due to incomplete combustion of
carbonaceous fuel. The main derivatives of
the process are carbon dioxide CO2, water
and some soot also called particular
matter(PM).

POLLUTION EFFECT:

Acid rain, global warming,

smog and the depletion of the
ozone layer are just a few of
the most alarming result of
pollution.

The effect of inhaling particular

matter have been studied in
humans and animals and
include asthma, lung cancer
cardiovascular issues and
premature death.

HISTORY:

The Stirling cycle engine has been

patented in 1816 by Robert Stirling ,
Scottish engineer.

Here he decided to invent a new

engine.

His parish worked the steam engines.

Were very inefficient and often blew

up.

Wanted to make his parish lives more

comfortable and safe.

Solution..so an engine without any

exhaust gas is a mirage or it can be a reality.

Stirling engine is just one step forward toward the

creation of a noise free and pollution free engine.

The Stirling engine is the engine, which use a fixed

amount of gas sealed inside a cylinder. The expansion
and contraction of the gas, using heat from external
source, creates the useful work.

The Stirling engine is a heat engine that is vastly

different from an internal combustion engine. Stirling
engine have two piston that creates a 90-degree phase
angle and two different temperature spaces.

STIRLING ENGINE

The working gas in the engine perfectly sealed, and does

not go in and out too atmosphere. The Stirling engine uses
a Stirling cycle, which is unlike the cycle used in normal
internal combustion engine.

The gas used inside Stirling engine never leaves the

engine. There are no exhaust valve high pressure gases as
in petrol or diesel engine.

STIRLING ENGINE

There are no explosion taking place.

The Stirling cycle uses external heat source, which

could be anything from gasoline to solar energy to
heat produce by decaying plants, no combustion
take place inside cylinder of the engine.

TYPES OF STIRLING
ENGINE
Stirling engine can be classified as:

Two piston type Stirling engine.

Displacer type Stirling engine.

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Two piston type Stirling engine:

The two-piston type Stirling engine uses two power piston.

Out of the two piston one is hot piston, which is used in hot
chamber. The space above a hot piston is always heated by
a heat source. The space above a cold piston is cooled
always by cold air.

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Displacer type Stirling engine:

The displacer type Stirling engine uses a power piston and

a displacer. The space below a displacer piston is always
heated by a heat source . The space above the displacer
piston is cooled always by cold air. The displacer piston
displaces hot air and cold air.

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PARTS OF A STIRLING ENGINE:

Main chamber: It is the chamber where a fixed amount

of gas is sealed initially. Inside this chamber only
expansion and compression of gas takes place.

Output shaft: It is horizontal and mounted several

inches above the main chamber. The end of shaft centred
over the main chamber has a crank and connecting rod,
which drives the displacer.

Displacer: This is the large piston in the drawing. This

piston is very loose in its cylinder, so air can move easily
between the heated and cooled sections of the engine as
the piston moves up and down.

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PARTS OF A STIRLING ENGINE:

Power piston: this is the smaller piston at the top of the

engine. It is a tight sealed piston that moves up as the gas
inside the engine expands.

Crankshaft: The crankshaft is made up of steel, which

passes through the bearing and receives the crank disc.
The crank disc forms mount for flywheel.

Regenerator: When hot gas is transferred to the cool

cylinder , where a portion of the heat is deposited.

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STIRLING CYCLE:

The key principle of Stirling engine is that a fixed amount

of gas is sealed inside the engine.

The Stirling cycle involves a series of events that change

the pressure of gas inside the engine, causing it to work.

Stirling engine uses two cylinders, one cylinder is heated

by an external heat source and other cooled by an
external cooling source. A linkage that determines how
they will move in relation one another connects the gas
chamber of the two cylinders to each other mechanically.

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Processes:

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Ways to increase the power output

Increase power output in stage one: In part one of the

cycle; the pressure of heated gas pushing against the piston
performs work. Increasing the pressure during this part of the
cycle will increase the power output of the engine. One way of
increasing the pressure is by increasing the temperature of the
gas.

Decrease power usage in stage three: In parts three of the

cycle; the piston performs work on the gas, using some of the
power produced in the part one, lowering the pressure during
this stage of the cycle thus effectively increasing the power
output of the engine. One way to decrease the pressure is to
cool the gas to a lower temperature.

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ADVANTAGES:

There is no exhaust of gases as in case of normal piston engines.

These engines are quieter in operation.

Gas inside the engine never leaves the engines.

The external heat source could be anything- even heat from our hand.

No combustion takes place inside cylinder of engine. Hence there is no

explosion.

Due to this pollution free and use of any type of fuel characteristics the
Stirling engine has greater potential over any other type of engine
existing today.

Simple design:- two cylinder and no valve.

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RECENT APPLICATION:
Stirling

thermal motors:

This motor uses heater tubes, combustor, and piston, to

convert thermal energy into mechanical work.

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RECENT APPLICATION:
Four-piston

wobble yoke machine:

This machine use four pistons and wobble yoke drive. This machine is
especially used where high power generation is required.

Four cylinders free-piston alpha engine:

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CONCLUSION

Due to this pollution free and use of any type of fuel

characteristics the Stirling engine has greater potential
over any other type of engine existing today. Hence this
engine is highly preferred in automobile sector finding its
application in submarines to hybrid cars. Due to the above
specified advantages the Stirling engine is giving a cutting
edge to all other engine existing today and is viewed as an
answer to the existing energy crisis.

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REFERENCES:
V.Ganesan,

Chapter no-20: Internal combustion

engines. TMH publication.
http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/pollution(08-sep2015)
http://www.pollutionissues.com/Ve-Z/Vehicular-P
ollution.html(08-sep-2015)
http://freebooks4us.blogspot.in/2007/11/pollut
ion-less-engine.html?m=1(03-oct-2015)
http://www.google.co.in/search?q=pollution+
less+engine&client=ms-opera-mini&channel=ne
w&hl=en&prmd=ivns&source=Inms&tbm=isch(03-o
ct-2015)

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THANK YOU!