Safety management system

Safety
-the condition of being protected from or
unlikely to cause danger, risk or injury

Management
-the act or skill of controlling and making decisions
about a business, department, sports team, etc.

System
- A set of principles or procedures according to
which something is done, an organized scheme
or method

Safety management system (SMS)

-is a term used to refer to a comprehensive
business management system designed to
manage safety elements in the workplace.

SMS Objectives
-provides a systematic way to identify hazards
and control risks while maintaining assurance
that these risk controls are effective.
-As with all management systems, a safety
management system provides for goal setting,
planning, and measuring performance.
-adoptable, can be created to fit any business
type and/or industry sector

Factors for adopting a safety

management system for a business
Ethical-moral obligation
Legal-legislative requirements
Financial-reducing direct and indirect costs

associated with accident and incidents

an effective SMS should:

Define how the organisation is set up to

manage risk.
Identify workplace risk and implement
suitable controls.
Implement effective communications across
all levels of the organisation.
Implement a process to identify and correct
nonconformities.
Implement a continual improvement process.

SAFETY MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM MODEL

ILO SMS
MODEL

SMS FRAMEWORK PROJECT

MODEL
SMS established by the International Civil

Aviation Organization:
1. Safety policies and objectives
2. Safety risk management
3. Safety assurance
4. Safety promotion

The ICAO Framework

1. Safety policies and objectives

- defines the the way we do business

- safety as means to meet the production
goals
- relation with QMS
2. Safety risk management
- identifying hazards
- assessing and managing risk

The ICAO Framework

3. Safety assurance
- Audits
- Investigation
4. Safety promotion
- training
- campaigns

Safety Management System

Implementation

A safety management system (SMS) is

intended to act as a framework to allow an

organization, as a minimum, to meet its legal
obligations under occupational safety and
health law.
Occupational safety and health (OSH) is

multidisciplinary field concerned with the

safety, health and welfare of people at work

Occupational health deals with all the

aspects of health and safety in the

workplace and has a strong focus on
primary prevention of hazards
Effective safety management means that

organizations need to ensure that they are

considering all the risks within the
organization as a single system, rather than
having multiple, competing, Mini-Safety
Management Systems within the
organization.

CIVIL AVIATION
The

International
Civil Aviation
Organization
(ICAO) has
recommended
that all aviation
authorities
implement SMS
regulatory
structures.

The International Civil Aviation Organization

(ICAO) is a specialized agency of the

United Nations. It codifies the principles and
techniques of international air navigation
and fosters the planning and development
of international air transport to ensure safe
and orderly growth.

The ICAO Council adopts standards and

recommended practices concerning air

navigation, its infrastructure, flight
inspection, prevention of unlawful
interference, and facilitation of bordercrossing procedures for international civil
aviation. ICAO defines the protocols for air
accident investigation followed by transport
safety authorities in countries signatory to
the Convention on International Civil
Aviation (Chicago Convention).

Benefits Of Ensuring Effective

Safety Management System
Address safety risks proactively
Manage and support strategic regulatory and

infrastructure developments
Re-enforce the role played by the state in
managing safety at the State level, in
coordination with service providers
Stress the concept of overall safety
performance in all domains

Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)

FAA required all aviation services and offices adopt a

common Aviation Safety Management System

The Federal Aviation Administration published a
Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) for the
establishment of SMS for air carriers. That NPRM
explains that it is intended to serve as the foundation
for rules that would later be applied to Part 135
operators, Part 145 repair stations and Part 21
manufacturers. Id. Several U.S. trade associations
filed comments in response to the air carrier NPRM,
including the Aviation Suppliers Association (ASA)
comments in response to the SMS NPRM and the
Modification and Replacement Parts Association
(MARPA)

Among these comments were arguments for

developing separate SMS regulations for

other certificate holders, in order to make sure
that SM remains a usable tool for advancing
safety (rather than a uniform but useless
paperwork exercise). In addition, the Federal
Aviation Administration has also filed a NPRM
for SMS for airports, which would be separate
from the rules for SMS for air carriers
(consistent with the arguments of the trade
associations).

The European Aviation Safety Agency

(EASA) began the process of implementing

Safety Management System (SMS)
regulations by issuing Terms of Reference
(TOR) on July 18, 2011. That was followed by
a Notice of Proposed Amendment (NPA)
issued on January 21, 2013. The proposed
EASA regulation would apply to repair
stations, but would have significant ancillary
effects on other aviation industry sub-sectors.

Maritime Safety Management

System

Safety Management
Nature of Safety Management System
Means managing the ship from danger.
International Maritime Organization (IMO)

requires all international passenger ships

and oil tankers, chemical tankers, gas
carriers, bulk carriers and cargo ships of
500 gross tons or more to have a Safety
Management System.
The ISM Code provides an International
standard for the safe management and
operation of ships and for pollution
prevention.

History
RMS Titanic scarified for better watertight

bulkheads, lifeboats for all, lifeboat drills, boat

crew training, wireless installation on all
passenger ships and 24 hour wireless watch
keeping.

Most Important IMO Conventions

International Convention for the Safety Of life

At Sea, (SOLAS) in 1974 as amended.

International Convention for the Prevention of
Pollution from Ships, 1973, as modified by the
Protocol of 1978 relating thereto and by the
Protocol of 1997 (MARPOL).
International Convention on Standards of
Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for
Seafarers (STCW) as amended, including the
1995 and 2010 Manila Amendments.

Safety of Ship
Navigation
To utilize all available

information and
navigational aids to
ensure a safe
passage.
Monitoring and

double-checking of
every step in the
progress.

Heavy weather
How to prepare, alleviate and overcome

forces of nature.

Fire
Fire drills
Prevention is utmost important

Stability

Health and hygiene

Everybody should

look after his own

health and fitness.
Personal
cleanliness
Sensible diet
Adequate sleep
during rest periods
Avoidance of
alcohol

Medication
First aid for minor

injuries and health

problems
Radio medical
advices for
serious injury
Arrangement for
medical treatment
ashore.

Working aloft and overside

Planned and carried in safer ways
Warning notice.

Entry into enclosed spaces

permit-to-work

system.
Space tested and
secured for entry
Appropriate working
dress
Rescuer cautious for
his own safety

Life saving appliances

Personal protective equipmment

Safety of cargo
Duties of chief

officer and junior

officers
The supervision

of loading and
discharging

Training for Safety

To provide qualifies seamen and assistance to them.

Security
The state of a shipping company/ vessel/

crew/ port, being or feeling secure.

The safety of these against terrorism, piracy
and other criminal activities.

Railway Safety Management System

The Rail Safety Management System

requirements are set out in the Railway

Safety Management System Regulations. The
objectives of the Rail Safety Management
System Regulations are to ensure that safety
is given management time and corporate
resources and that it is subject to
performance measurement and monitoring on
par with corporate financial and production
goals.

Main types of Accidents

Derailment

A derailment is said to take place when a vehicle

such as a train runs off its rails. This does not
necessarily mean that it leaves its track. Although
many derailments are minor, all result in
temporary disruption of the proper operation of
the railway system, and they are potentially
seriously hazardous to human health and safety.
Usually, the derailment of a train can be caused
by a collision with another object, an operational
error, the mechanical failure of tracks, such as
broken rails, or the mechanical failure of the
wheels.

Train Collisions
Is a type of disaster
involving one or more
trains. Train wrecks
often occur as a result
of miscommunication,
as when a moving train
meets another train on
the same track; or an
accident, such as when
a train wheel jumps off
a track in a derailment.

Level Crossings
A level crossing, or

grade crossing, is
an intersection
where a railway line
crosses a road or
path at the same
level, as opposed
to the railway line
crossing over or
under using a
bridge or tunnel.

Sabotage
Is a deliberate action

aimed at weakening a
polity or corporation
through subversion,
obstruction, disruption or
destruction. In a
workplace setting,
sabotage is the conscious
withdrawal of efficiency
generally directed at
causing some change in
workplace conditions.

Fire

Departments involved in Safety of

Running Trains
Civil Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
Electrical Engineering
Signal Engineering
Operating Department

Mechanical Engineering
DRIVERS (MEDICAL, BREATHLYSER TEST

AND REST BEFORE DUTY, RUNNING

ROOM FACILITIES, STANDING)
COACH MAINTENANCE,
PRIMARY/SECONDARY AND POH, END
COACHES, VACUUM
LOCO MAINTENANCE, SCHEDULES
PERIODICAL ULTRASONIC TESTING OF
WHEELS
MEDICAL EXAMINATION A-1

Accident General
SIREN CALLS AT DIVISIONAL OFFICE,

LOCO SHED & HEADQUARTERS

ART TO LEAVE WITHIN 30 MINUTES
MEDICAL RELIEF VAN FIRST TO LEAVE
IMMEDIATELY
BREAKDOWN STAFF ARE NOMINATED
TIME SCHEDULE FIXED AND ENQUIRIES
ARE CONDUCTED.

Accident General
MINIMUM PUNISHMENTS PRESCRIBED ARE

IMPOSED
DERAILMENTS DUE TO COMBINATION OF
FACTORS
ACTION IS INVARIABLY TAKEN ON ALL
PUBLIC COMPLAINTS ABOUT SAFETY OR
GENERAL AND SUITABLE ACTION IS TAKEN
INCLUDING PUNISHMENTS OF STAFF
RESPONSIBLE.

QUIZ NO. 7

1. It is a term used to refer to a comprehensive

business management system designed to
manage safety elements in the workplace.
a. Safety Management Protocol
b. Safety Management Systems
c. Safety Management Administration
d. Safety Management Organization

2. It is a factor for adopting a safety

management system for a business wherein it
acquires the moral obligation of the company.
a. Legal
b. Logical
c. Ethical
d. Financial

3. An effective SMS should, except one:

a. Identify workplace risk and implement

suitable controls.
b. Implement effective communications across
all levels of the organisation.
c. Implement a process to identify and correct
nonconformities.
d. Implement a partial improvement process.

4. An OSH means;
a. Operating System in Hydraulic
b. Occupational Safety and Health
c. Occupational System and Health
d. Occupational System and Hygiene

5. A component of ILO that takes place in

legislation and standards apply in organization,
what OSH objectives are defined and how are
these reviews, hazard prevention and the
assessment and management of risk.
a. Planning and Implementation
b. Policy
c. Evaluation
d. Organization

6. In SMS Framework Project Model, it includes

training, communication, and other actions to
create a positive safety culture within all levels
of the workforce.
a. Safety Policy
b. Safety Assurance
c. Safety Risk Management
d. Safety Promotion

7. ICAO stands for

a. International Canton Association

Organization
b. International Chemical Agency Oligarch
c. International Civil Aviation Organization
d. International Control Aviation Organization

8. A type of accident in railway that is said to

take place when a vehicle such as a train runs
off its rails.
a. Derailment
b. Level crossing
c. Sabotage
d. Collision

9. The following are departments involved in

safety of running trains except:
a. Mechanical Engineering
b. Civil Engineering
c. Industrial Engineering
d. Electrical Engineering

10. Is a deliberate action aimed at weakening a

polity or corporation through subversion,
obstruction, disruption or destruction.
a. Sabotage
b. Fire
c. Level Crossing
d. Derailment