Group 2

Fungi
Molds
Yeasts

Definition of Fungi
A group called the decomposers growin the soil or on dead
plant matter where they play an important role in the cycling
of carbon and other elements. Some are parasites of plants
Causing diseases such as mildews,rusts,scubsor canker.

Characteristics of fungi
Yeast identification,like bacterial identification,
uses biochemical test, however , multicellular fungi
are identified on the bases of physical appearance,
including colony characteristics and reproductive
spores.
Fungi are common in all environments where
sustaible organic compounds, moisture ,temperature
are provided.
*Fungi are use extensively in industry
Ex. In brewing beer, bread making , cheese
making- and in the production of alcohol.

Types of fungi
Molds- the THALLUS (body of ) a molds or
fleshy fungus consist of a long filaments of cells
joined together ;these filaments are called
HYPHAE (singular:Hyphia).
In most molds, the Hyphae contains crosswalls
called SEPTA (singular:SEPTUM), which divided
the hyphea in to these tinct,uninucleate (onenucleus)cell like unit.
Bread Mold
If youve ever left a sandwich out too long, you
have probably seen bread mold. Bread mold is a
fungus, like the mushrooms you eat, but it tastes
terrible and might make you sick. Beware of the
fungus among us!

Molds in bread

t are non filamentous , unicellular fungi that are typically spheric

val .Like molds , yeast are widely distributed in nature,. They are
uently found as white powdery coating on FRUITS and LEAVES. Be
t yeasts are colonies of unicellular organism, they not reproduce a

e yeast cell can in time produce up to 24 daughter cells by buddin

me yeasts produce buds that fail to detach themselves ; these bud
m a short chain of cells called a PSEUDOHYPHA.

ast perform aerobic respiration to metabolize carbohydrates to

rbon dioxide and water; denied oxygen , bon dioxide.

s fermentation is the basis of the brewing , wine making , and ma

dustries .
pecies of SACCHAROMYCES produce ethanol in brewed beverages
nd carbon dioxide for leavining bread dough.

Economic Effect of Fungi

Fungi have been used in biotechnology for many
years in contrasts to these benificial effects, fungi
can have undesirable
effects for industry and agriculture because of their
nutritional adaptations .
The ability of fungi to grow at low moisture levels is
of particular important in the role as plants
pathogens .
MOST FAMILIAR FUNGI
.molds
.puffballs
.mildews
.blights
.rusts

We use the general term mold to refer to several kinds of fungi

that form a mycelium that often is cottony in appearance
Some molds are phycomycetes while others are ascomycetes
They grow on food ,wood, taper, leather,cloth, and many other
Many organic substances ,while molds thrive best in warm ,moist
Surrounding,many grow at temperature near freezing this makes
Them a serious problem in cold storage and plants and in hom
Refrigerators
TYPES OF YEAST
.BAKERS YEASTS
.NUTRITIONAL YEAST
.BREWERS YEASTS
.DISTILLERS AND WINE YEASTS

at temperatureWe use the general term mold to refer to

several kinds of fungi
that form a mycelium that often is cottony in
appearance
Some molds are phycomycetes while others are
ascomycetes
They grow on food ,wood, taper, leather,cloth, and many
other
Many organic substances ,while molds thrive best in
warm ,moist
Surrounding ,many grow near freezing this makes
END
---- a serious problem in cold storage and plants and
Them
THANKYOU
in home FOR LISTENING AND WATCHING
Refrigerators