Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
& PROGRAMMING
Engr. Muhammad Tayyab
Objective
Define the word computer.
Discuss various ways computers can be categorized.
Identify six types of computers designed for individual
use.
Identify four types of computers used primarily by
organizations.
Importance of computers in todays society.
How computers are used in various sectors of our society.
The Computer
The computer is a electronic device that processes data,
Digital Computers
Use binary numbers
Break data into tiny number and use that data to
represent information.
Analog Computers
The earliest computers were analog computers.
Digital systems represent the distinct value whereas in
Desktop Computers
Personal computers PCs are used for the individual
purpose.
They are also called microcomputers, because they are
the smallest ones for the personal use.
The PC that is designed to sit on a desk or table.
The most common type of computers which is used in
schools, homes, offices, etc.
Todays desktop computers are very powerful, they can
handle multitasking.
They produce music, edit photographs, make
calculations, games are played and lot more.
Desktop Computer
Its heavy one can be taken anywhere easily.
The main components include System Unit.
The two most common designs vertical one & horizontal
one.
Workstations
Specialized single user computer that has more power
Tablet PCs
Tablet PCs are the newest development in portable full
functioning computers.
They are lighter and can accept input form the pen called
the stylus or digital pen.
Handheld PCs
Handheld personal computers are computing devices
Smart Phones
Some cellular phone have double the miniature PCs, they
Network Servers
Individual computers are connected with the centralized
server.
Organization may have hundreds of server working under
the network, they are called the cluster or server farms.
Mainframe Computers
Mainframe computers are used in the large organization
Minicomputers
Introduced in 1960s.
Name minicomputer because of the small size compared
Supercomputers
Supercomputers are the fastest computer made and
Computers in Society
Automobiles
Personal Schedulers
Carry your data with you
Faxes & E-mails
Communicate and share data
Parts of Computers
Hardware
Software
Data
User
Hardware
The mechanical devices that made up the computer are
Software
Software is a set of instructions that makes the computer
to perform tasks.
Data
Data consists of individual facts or pieces of information
User
People are the computer operators also called the user.
Processing Devices
The procedure that converts raw data into useful
Memory Devices
Memory is one or more sets of chips that store data
RAM
RAM is like a electronic scratch pad inside the computer.
It is made of chips mounted on the circuit board.
RAM is volatile mean it loses content when the power is
shut off.
RAM has direct impact on the performance of the
computer, more RAM mean more speed, its speed is
measured in bytes.
ROM
ROM permanently stores its data, even when the
Output Devices
The function of the output devices are to display the
results.
Monitors
Printers
Speakers
Storage Devices
Computer also need place to keep the program files and
Magnetic Storage
Optical Storage
System Software
System software is any program that controls the
Application Softwares
Application software tells the computer how to accomplish
Computer Users
Personal computers which are the main focus of this
Userless Computers
There are many types of computer that do not require
human interaction.
Cars built in computer system
Washers
Drayer
Security system
Navigation system