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TTRANSFORMATION

THEORY
Theory

INTRODUCTION

As an idea, transformational leadership was first mentioned in

1973,in the sociological study conducted by the author
Downton, J.V.

After that ,James McGregor used the term transformational

leadership in his book Leadership (1978).

In 1985, Banard M. Bass presented a formal transformational

leadership theory which ,in addition to other things also includes
the models and factors of behavior.

One year later (1986)Noel M. Tichy and Marry Anne

Devanna published a book under the title The Transformational
Leadership.

Transformational
Leadership

A process that changes and transforms people. It is

concerned with emotions, values, ethics, standards and long
term goals and includes assessing followers motives,
satisfying their needs, and treating them as full human
beings.

Incorporates charismatic and visionary leadership and though

the leader plays a important role in working environment
change, followers and leaders are possible to be bound
together in the transformation process.

The process whereby a person engages with others and

creates a connection that raises the level of motivation and
morality in both the leader and the follower.

Basss Theory of Transformational

Leadership

Motivates followers to do more than

expected by:
Raising followers level of consciousness about the

importance and value of goals.

Getting followers to transcend their own self-interest

for the good of the team or organization.

Moving followers to address higher level needs.

Transformational Leadership Factors

The Four Is

Idealized influence Leaders who act as strong role

models for followers.

Inspirational motivation Leaders who

communicate high expectations, inspiring them to
become committed to organizational goals.

Intellectual stimulation Leaders who stimulate

followers to be creative and innovative.

Individualized consideration Leaders who provide

a supportive climate in which they listen to needs of
followers.

Leadership Defined
Leader is attentive to the needs
and motives of followers and tries
to help followers reach their
fullest potential.
Mohandas Gandhi raised
the hopes and demands of
millions of his people and in
the process was changed
himself.

TRANSFORMATIONAL

Process of
engaging with others
to create a connection
that increases
motivation
and morality in both the
leader and the follower

How Does Transformational

Leadership Work?

Transformational leaders set out to empower

followers and nurture them to change.

They become strong role models for their followers.

They create a vision.

They act as change agents who initiate and implement

new directions.

They act as social architects.

Application of
Transformational Leadership

Provides ideas as to what a leader

should be in a transforming
environment.
Vision statements create discussion.
Can be used in recruitment, selection
,promotion and development.

Strengths

Widely researched from many different perspectives.

It has natural appeal as a concept.

It treats leadership as a process between leaders and followers.

It offers an expanded picture of leadership. Most other models

are transactional.

It has a strong emphasis on followers needs, values, and morals.

It has substantial evidence of being effective.

Criticisms

Lacks conceptual clarity.

The measurement scale does not always distinguish clearly

among factors.

It is a trait theory rather than a behavioral theory.

Tends to be selective and antidemocratic.

Has a heroic leadership bias.

May not work on all levels of the organization.

Has the potential to be abused.