1xEV Call Processing

Mallik Vagvala
Lucent Technologies
Whippany, NJ

Session Establishment Message Scenario

AT

AP

AN

TP

RouteUpdate & UATIRequest (RATI)

ACAck
(UATIAssignment RATI)
RouteUpdate & UATIComplete (UATI)
ACAcK

RouteUpdate & ConnectionRequest(UATI)

ACAcK

AllocateTrafficChanReq
AllocateTrafficChanRsp

AllocateRSMReq
AllocateRSMRsp
TrafficChanAllocated

DRCCoverInd
TrafficChannelAssignment

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PDSN

Session Establishment Message Scenario(cont.)

AT

AP

AN

TP

AP(A11)

PDSN

Send DRC + Pilot and ramp up RTC

MobileAcquiredInd
ForwardDesiredInd
RTCAck
TrafficChannelComplete
ACK
Configuration Negotiation Procedure

XonRequest
XonResponse
Establishing PPP Connection
Transmitting Packet Data

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SetupA10Req

A11RegReq

SetupA10Rsp

A11RegReply

Connection Setup (AT Initiated )

AT

AN

HDRC

AT needs access the network

Determines overhead messages are current
Waits for the next Access Slot to transmit
RouteUpdate & ConnectionRequest(UATI)
AcACK

Allocate Traffic Channel Req

Allocate Traffic Channel Resp
DRCCoverInd

TrafficChannelAssignment

SendTCA

Send DRC + Pilot and ramp up RTC

MobileAcquiredInd
SendRTCAck

RTCAck
TrafficChannelComplete
ACK
Configuration Negotiation Procedures

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TCC

Connection Setup ( AN Initiated or Page Scenario)

AT

Cell
Page

HDRC
Send Page

RouteUpdate & ConnectionRequest(AN-Initiated)

Allocate Traffic Channel Req

AcACK

Allocate Traffic Channel Resp

DRCCoverInd
TrafficChannelAssignment
Send DRC + Pilot and ramp up RTC

MobileAcquiredInd
SendRTCAck

RTCAck
TrafficChannelComplete
ACK
Data packets

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SendTCA

TCC

Buffer recvd
data from the PDSN.
AT is dormant, suspend
Timer is not active

Fast Connect
AT

Cell

HDRC
Buffer recvd
data from the PDSN.
AT is dormant, suspend
Timer is on

Allocate Traffic Channel Req

Allocate Traffic Channel Resp
DRCCoverInd
TrafficChannelAssignment

SendTCA

Send DRC + Pilot and ramp up RTC

MobileAcquiredInd
SendRTCAck

RTCAck
TrafficChannelComplete
ACK
Data packets

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TCC

Virtual Soft Handoff Message Scenario

AT

AN 2

AN 1

HDRC

DRC
Send Frame Cmd (data packets)
Frame

If there are 24 out of 32 DRCs

Pointed to it, the BTS will send
Forward Desired Indicator

DRC
If there are at least 4* out of 32*
DRCs not pointed to it, the BTS
Sends Forward Stopped Indication

Forward Desired Ind

Forward Stopped Ind (last frame ID)

Flush
Frame

* Values are configurable, default are shown here

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Send Frame

Handoff Call Flow

AT

Existing
AN

New AN

RNC

Route Update Message

ACK

Allocate Traffic Channel Request

Allocate Traffic Channel Response

Traffic Channel Assignment

Traffic Channel Complete

ACK

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Send Traffic Chn Assignment

Traffic Channel Complete

Virtual Soft/er Handoff on Forward Link

Virtual Soft/er handoff is the process of pointing DRC to a new
sector in the active set
Pointing DRC to a new Pilot is ATs way of changing the serving sector
on the forward link
The word Virtual stems from the fact that there is no explicit signaling
messages involved in this process

Once, AT decides to change pointing its DRC transmission, it must

first use the Null cover (AT is not requesting data when it uses Null
cover) for as many DRC transmissions as needed in order to
ensure that packets received from current sector will not overlap in
time with packets received from the new sector
The AT will then cover its DRC transmissions with the corresponding
DRC cover assigned to the new sector

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Proportional Fair Scheduling Algorithm

Mallik Vagvala
Lucent Technologies
Whippany, NJ

Proportional Fair (PF) Scheduler

Trades fairness to individual users with

maximizing sector throughput
All users with data backlog are sorted based on
priority
The user priority is determined based on the user RF
channel condition as well as the user realized data
throughput (DRC / R)
DRC: rate requested by the mobile in a given slot
R: the average rate transmitted to the mobile over a window
of time

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Proportional Fair (PF) Scheduler (Cont..)

In each slot, the scheduler selects the user with the
highest priority
Achieves roughly equal air time among users (fair)
Average user throughput is proportional to its average RF
channel condition (proportional)
Tries to optimize aggregate sector throughput by serving each
user at its local peak RF condition

No guarantee on user throughput

User in poor RF condition gets low throughput performance
User experience can vary too widely

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Hybrid Mobile Inter-System Handoff

A hybrid mobile is capable of supporting both voice/data for 3G1X

as well as data for 1XEV

The hybrid mobile will monitor both systems in its idle state

The hybrid mobile will use 1XEV for data transmission

While in 1XEV data transmission, the hybrid mobile is still able to

get Page messages from the 3G1X system and be able to receive
the voice call if the user chooses

There is no network involvement in this inter-system handoff, it is

entirely handled by the mobile unit

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BACKUP Slides

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Flexible Scheduler Algorithms

Proportional Fair (PF)
The default choice of scheduler

Min/Max Rate Control (MMRC)

Controls the minimum and maximum throughput rate for the user

G-Fair
This choice of scheduler algorithm will be more relevant with QoS
feature and hence not discussed here

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Min/Max Rate Control (MMRC) Scheduler

Provides a mechanism to ensure minimal / more uniform end-user
experience
As the name suggests, provides minimum and maximum rate control
on user throughput
Additional constraints such as Hogging Prevention Factor (HPF) can
be applied, to ensure conditions dont permit a single user to get overservice at expense of others

Minimum Throughput, Rmin

Range: 0 64 Kbps
Best effort if Rmin = 0

Maximum Throughput, Rmax

Range: 2 * Rmin 2457.6 Kbps
No Maximum throughput set if Rmax = 2457.6 Kbps

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Two types of MMRC Scheduling Algorithms

Based on how the MMRC algorithm will behave once Rmin
constraint is satisfied for all users
Proportional Fair with Min-Rate Control (PFMR)
When Rmin is satisfied for all users, the algorithm behaves as
proportional fair

Maximum Throughput Min-Rate Control (MTMR)

When Rmin is satisfied for all users, the algorithm maximizes sector
throughput by allocating remaining time slots to the user with the
highest DRC requested rate
Most users may receive only Rmin throughput

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