WORK

STRESS
PRESENTED BY:
M.YASIR SALEEM 12044
UZAIR UR REHMAN 13428
M.ARSHIAN
SIDDIQUI
10300
SAAD SHAHEEN 13504

STRESS

Stress is a state of tension experienced by individuals

facing extraordinary demands, constraints or opportunities.

Stress is a condition or feeling experienced when a person

perceives that demands exceed the personal and social
resources the individual is able to mobilize.

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TWO FACES OF STRESS

LOW
LOW

MOD.
MOD.

HIGH
HIGH

CONSTRUCTIVE STRESS

Acts in a positive manner for the individual and the

organization.
Indicates a situation where the individual is in balance or
within tolerable limits.

DESTRUCTIVE STRESS

Not healthy for the individual and the organization.

Indicate effects that are out of balance or outside the
tolerance limit.

OPTIMUM LEVEL OF
STRESS

The important key is to find out an appropriate amount of

stress for the organization in general and for each
individual in particular.

For example,
Uncertainty can lead to distress, but so can certainty or
over control.
Performance evaluation can lead to distress, but so can lack
of feedback regarding the efforts.

NATURE OF STRESS
Positive Stress
Negative Stress

POSITIVE STRESS

Stress can also have a positive effect, spurring motivation

and awareness, providing the stimulation to cope with
challenging situations.

Stress also provides the sense of urgency and alertness

needed for survival when confronting threatening
situations.

NEGATIVE STRESS

It is a contributory factor in minor conditions, such as

headaches, digestive problems, skin complaints, insomnia
and ulcers.

Excessive, prolonged and unrelieved stress can have a

harmful effect on mental, physical and spiritual health.

SYMPTOMS OF STRESS
Lack of appetite
- Craving for food when under pressure
- Frequent indigestion
- Nervous twitches
Negativism
- Expression of boredom & dissatisfaction
- Forgetfulness
- Inability to concentrate

Dread of future
- Sudden changes in weight
- Smoking habits
- Use of alcohol

SOURCES OF
STRESS

W H A T I SI T ? ? ?

Stressors are the things that cause stress

It is important for the managers to understand and

recognize stressors because they are job related stress

They influence the work attitude and behavior

MAJOR SOURSE
S OFSTRESS
OCCUPATIONAL DEMANDS
Some jobs are more stressful then others
Higher level jobs contain high amount of in-built stress in
form of time pressures ,too many meetings, difficulties in
meeting standards ,inter-personal games etc.
Lower level jobs contain stress-producing situations that
emerge on technical grounds or role frustration
The more interdependence between a persons task and the
task of others ,the more potential stress there is.

ROLE CONFLICT

A Role is a general set of guidelines indicating how persons

holding certain positions should or ought to behave.

Types Of Role Conflict

Intrasender conflict
Intersender conflict
Interrole conflict
Person-role conflict

ROLE AMBIGUITY

Occurs when position-holders are uncertain about

limits of their authority and that of others, company rule s, job
security and the methods used to evaluate their work.
It is related to low job satisfaction and to feeling of job related
threats to mental and physical well being

ROLE OVERLOAD

Persons who experience this condition show clear signs of stress

and report health problems

 ROLE UNDERROLE

Having nothing to do or being asked to do too little in ones work

can also be quite stressful. This could lead to low self esteem,
increased frequency of nervous symptoms and complaints,
increased health problems

INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS
Poor interpersonal relationships in organization results in stress.
Three aspects of job stress which have negative influence are
Amount of contact with others
Amount of contact with people in other departments
Organizational climate

INEFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
Right communication

RESPONSIBILITY
In control of person.

JOB CHANGE
Aggressive in the marketplace.

CLIMATE WITHIN A COMPANY

Physical surroundings, psychological climate and faulty job

designs

THE IMPACT OF LIFE CHANGE

Traumatic experiences in life can have significant impact on

the psychological wellbeing of individual.

EXTERNALS VS INTERNALS AND THE BELIEF

IN EXTERNAL LOCUS OF CONTROL

A persons belief in locus of control is related to susceptibility

to job stress. Internals generally describe their job are less
stressful than externals.

OTHER REASONS

Excessive rules and regulations

CONSEQUENCES OF
STRESS
Subjective Effects
Anxiety
Aggression
Bad Temper
Behavioral Effects
Accident Proneness
Excitability
Drug Use
Cognitive Effects
Decision Making
Forgetfulness
Mental Blocks

CONSEQUENCES OF
STRESS
Physiological Effects
Increased Blood Pressure
Increased Heart Rate
Sweating

Organizational Effects
Absenteeism
Poor productivity
Job dissatisfaction

MANAGING
STRESS

TIME MANAGEMENT
Time thoughts
how to use it
Time cannot be managed like other resources.

Tips for time management:

Carry your to do list
Write a new list every day.
Do the most difficult part first
Ask yourself is this important?
Review the list in the evening.

EXERCISE

Exercise reduces depression , anxiety and phobias.

The day-long tension on the job is given a decent burial.
The benefits of exercise for overall health and to the
cardiac disease.
Not surprisingly, many organizations nowadays encourage
their executives to be physically fit and active.

MEDITATION AND
RELAXATION

Mind gets the needed relaxation when we engage in a

creative hobby like painting , gardening,etc.,
The wonderful effects of prayer as a relaxation measure
have well-documented in our ancient scriptures.
Meditation is a way of focusing on something in a relaxed
state in a serene and quite environment.
You can focus on muscular relaxation , an image , an
object , a symbol , a point or anything like.

ORGANIZATIONAL
COPING STRATEGIES
ROLE CLARITY
Define employee roles clearly.
Clear understanding of the job.
Stress ,most often , occurs when employees are not
very sure about their work roles or fear they
cannot do their jobs.

SUPPORTIVE CLIMATE
Freedom to think and act independently ,
participative decision making, friendly conversation.
Build supportive climate

ORGANIZATIONAL
COPING STRATEGIES

CLEAR CAREER PATHS

To reduce uncertainty.
A clear career path
job rewards and benefits .

COMPANY-WIDE PROGRAMMES
Variety of programmes can be used to manage work stress.
These include:
Job enrichment
Employee Counseling
Training and Development
Establishing work groups
Establishing Variable work schedules

BURNOUT
!!!!!!

WHAT IS IT ?
Burnout is a state of frustration bought by

Devotion to a cause.
Way of life.
Relationship that failed to produce the expected reward .
Everyone is a potential candidate for burn out. The most
likely person to face this serious problem is the Overachiever.

STRESSORS LEADING
TO BURNOUT

Personal factors- age, gender, children, education,

experience, and favored coping style.
Job Related Conditions
Conflicting Demands- balancing work and family
Technology
Lack of Balance in Life- inability of a person to set limits

JOB PERSON
MISMATCH

Work overload
Lack of control
Insufficient rewards
Breakdown of community
Absence of fairness
Value conflicts

OUTCOMES OF
BURNOUT

Poor quality of work

Low morale
Absenteeism
Turn over
Health problems
Depression
Family problems

WHAT BELIEFS
CONTRIBUTE TO
?
Efforts alwaysBURNOUT
be appreciated
Status and prestige
Dramatic changes .

Some tips for handling burnout

Recognize the symptoms .

Ask for help.
Be aware of the limitations.
Maintain discipline.
Take time out during the day.

SYMPTOMS OF BURNOUT

Chronic fatigue
Anger at those making demands
Self-criticism for putting up with demands
Sense of being tensed

PREVENTION OF
BURNOUT

Identify goals
Seek out helpful supervision.
Develop an active outside life .
Encourage and practice good communication skills.
Provide for flexible working conditions.
Seek out encouragement .
Mediation and Exercise.
Build a support system

GOOD
MANAGEMENT
IS
STRESS
MANAGEMENT !!!