PIARC International Seminar in Quito, 2014

Overview of PIARCs
new guidelines on
pavement recycling
Mats Wendel, WG-leader
Swedsh Transport Administration

Topics

Members in the review team

The current Piarc guidelines
Recycling technologies
Remarks
The new guidelines
Timeframe
Summary

TC4.2 members,
WG4.2.2
Thierry Sedran (France)
Joralf Aurstad (Norway)
Eugnia Correia
(Portugal)
Zigmantas Perveneckas
(Lithuania)
Jack Youtcheff (USA)
Omar Tour (Mali)
Jesus Diaz (Spain)
Mario Krmek (Austria)

Esperancia Adjinacou Ep.

Adjovi (Benin)
Egbert Beuving (Belgium)
Suneel Vanikar (USA)
Benoit Verhaeghe (South
Africa)
Bo Tian (China)
Jae-Jun Lee (Korea)
Mats Wendel (Sweden)

Members represented in the working group

This present guide can be found at:

www.piarc.org, search for CD-7802

Why recycle and reuse?

Pyramid of demands

The Asphalt Recycling and

Reuse Pyramid

RAP from unknown source,

mixed with other materials

se

RAP from road contruction

u
er
ett

RAP from asphalt layer

eb
Th

RAP from top layer

DIFFERENT WAYS
OF RECYCLING
Several classifications of the main types of
recycling can be made according to:
The place where mixing is carried out,
The temperature of the process,
The characteristics of the material to be
recycled,
The type of binder.

In-place recycling
with cement

Replacement of picks

Quality tested by
density and cores
New materials quantity
and properties

Cement, moisture
content and grading
Depth variability in
recycled layers

In-place recycling with

emulsion or foamed bitumen

Example of a
foam process

Example of equipment

Milling Machine

Crusher

Mixer

Paver

Windrow
Emulsion Tanker

Quality tested by
density and cores
But be aware, the designed strength might
evolve during time.
Thickness and material properties are
important.

Hot In-place Recycling

(Not covered in the old guide)

Surface heater

Example of hot recycling

in asphalt plant
Parallel drum

The Asphalt Production

Process
The way it works
Aggregate

Virgin binder

Production
in asphalt
plant

Transport

RAP

Laboratory

Paving

Follow up

Example of RAP pile

This is not a good example, good quality is
obtained with uniformed RAP

Crushed RAP

Shelter stockpiles of rap is a good idea!

TAR - contains PAH

Special care needs to be considered

Road layer where TAR

might exist

All processes must be

assessed and controlled
QC and QA-plans are necessary to obtain
a good performing pavement.
There are no shortcuts!
A systematic approach helps to prevent
failures.

QC-plan
Material properties of the material to be
recycled.
New materials
properties to
add/blend.
Process control.

QA-plan
Review of QC-plan
Documentation
Quality testing of
finished product
properties

A few challanges
New and old binder will they blend?
Most bitumen binders are compatible, if so
it depends on:
Time
Temperature
Pressure

But it is difficult to measure!

A few challanges
How many times
can you re-use/
recycle?

What happens to the RAP when

it passes through the asphalt
plant?
In a short study, binder was not effected
measurably although expected be
Adhesion, might be a problem

RAP trough a drum mixer

25% added RAP at
a lower mix
temperature (WMA)

25% added RAP at

high (normal)
mixing temperature

10% RAP high

(normal)
temperature

The importance of adhesion and distribution

Reduction of the
adhesion problem
and ensuring moisture resistance
and helps the distribution of binder
Use of additives
Liquid anti-strip (adhesion agent)
Hydrated Lime
Cement

Make sure you use one that works with the

asphalt product and use the right amount.

Overall process

Ring & Ball

Empirical measurements like Penetration and/or
Temperature Ring and Ball provides sufficient
information on the viscosity properties of recovered
aged binders from pavements.

Other recycled products

Waste material should be avoided, unless
added performance to the pavement and
that it is possible to recycle in the future.
Examples of other recycled products:
RAS (Recycled Asphalt Shingles)
AR (Asphalt Rubber)
Make sure you have the know-how to make wise decisions.

Deleterious material
or unwanted material.
Make sure no foreign objects
are in the process.
Pine cone story

Guidelines for how to use

reclaimed pavement materials
in Road Constructions
In-place recycling with cement
In-place recycling with emulsion/foamed bitumen
Recycling & reuse of asphalt mixes
Recycling & reuse of concrete pavements

new!

The new guideline

- Building on the guidelines produced by past TCs on
in-place and in-plant recycling.
- Update, upgrade and complement the guidelines
(in the area of concrete pavements in particular)
- Add a new chapter
- Take into consideration the knowledge and
experience gained during the recent years and the
progress in technology.
- Recommendations for countries where recycling is
not yet widespread.

Topics in each chapter

(according to the old gudie)

Focus on what and how to succeed.

-Chapter summary
-Introduction (inkl status of use)
-Mix design (procedures, initial investigations)
-Properties (what to expect, Mechanical properties, surface
characteristics, performance etc)
-Equipment
-Construction (Execution of work)
-Quality Assurance (process control and acceptance)
-Costs, how to estimate costs of construction and
maintenance

Timeline
The new guide will be finished at the
World Road Congress in Seoul, 2-6
November 2015, Korea

In summary:
There are several
possibilities to recycle!
In-place (hot, cold with cement or with
bitumen)
Mill, grind, tear off, demolish or remove
and use:
cold, semi-warm eller hot
Unbounded
Use existing know-how!

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