Vacuum Presentation

TVBS
Tuthill Vacuum and Blowers Systems

India Dealers Training Programme
29-31st August 2007
Venue: Hotel Tunga International,
Mumbai
Organized By: Economy Refrigeration Ltd; TVBS India
Distributor
Tuthill Corporation India Liaison Office
FACILITY AND CAPABILITY

TUTHILL VACUUM AND BLOWER SYSTEMS (formally Kinney Vacuum
Division and M-D Pneumatics Division and M-D Precision Products
Division) of TUTHILL CORPORATION has been a major manufacturer of
rotary piston vacuum pumps, and positive displacement blowers for
industry for more than forty-five years.
Tuthill Corporation is a privately held company headquartered in Burr
Ridge, Illinois with seven groups worldwide engaged in the manufacture
and distribution of industrial products such as suspensions, Transfer
systems, coupling and control mechanisms. Tuthill is financially sound.
Tuthill Vacuum and Blower Systems largest facilities are located on 17
acres near Interstate adjacent to the regional airport in Springfield,
Missouri. This area has goo raw material supply including casting
foundries and non-union workforce with strong work ethic. The
Springfield facilities are 135000 square feet. The office includes sales
support personnel, engineering with CAD/CAM, and a state of art
integrated business system.
State of art manufacturing equipment includes numerous CNC
machining centers, CNC lathes, Special milling machines, boring and
drilling machinery, planers grinders, dynamic balancers, CMM machines
and test cells. Also the group has gear making, metal hardening,
cleaning and coating capabilities, as well as volume assembly. These
facilities are ISO 9001 registered for quality standards and has an
outstanding on-time delivery record.
Other Tuthill Vacuum & Blower facilities includes:

A blower facility in Quilmes, Argentina (near Buenos Aires), Atlantic
Fluidics which is a liquid ring vacuum pump facility in Norwalk,
Connecticut, a vacuum pump assembler and repair facility in
Heywood, England(near Manchester), and a vacuum pump repair
facility in Canton, Massachusetts.
Tuthill Vacuum Blowers and System is a 50% owner in joint venture
(JV) in the Peoples Republic of China (RPC). One of the JVs produce a
line of blowers and the other JV produces a line of piston pumps, liquid
ring pumps and vacuum boosters.
Our vacuum pumps and pressure blowers can provide vacuum as low
as 2 micron to pressure up to 100 psi. thousands of vacuum, air and
gas application exits. Customized options and systems are available.
Our products are marketed in all major countries by a network of
independent representative, distributors, and direct field sales force.
International business coordination is provided by company offices in
Brussels, Belgium, China, Miami, Florida and Melbourne Australia.
VACUUM IS ACHIEVED BY
PUMPING GAS OUT OF A VESSEL.
Range of Vacuum:
1. Low & (Medium) Vacuum: The no of
molecules of the gas phase is large compared
to that covering the surfaces. Thus in this
range the pumping speed is directed towards
rarefying the existing gas phase.
Range: 760 mm of Hg to 10 mm of Hg.
VACUUM PUMPS
Positive Displacement Vacuum Pump
Pump
Reciprocating
Rotary
Diaphragm
Piston
Kinetic Vacuum
Ejector
Liquid Ring
Liquid-Jet
Sliding-Vane-Rotary
Gas-Jet
Rotary Piston
Vapour-Jet
Rotary-Plunger
Roots Pump
Type Of Pumps
Vacuum Pumps Range

Diaphragm Pump
Liquid Ring Pump, Jet Pump & Gas Pump

Rotary Vane /Piston Pumps
Screw type Dry vacuum pump

Vapour Jet pump
Roots Pump
10 10 10 1 10
10
Absolute- Pressure Range
10
PRESSURE
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE = The Pressure of the

Prevailing Atmosphere
ABSOLUTE PRESSURE
= The pressure Measured
from
Absolute Zero
VACUUM
= BAROMETRIC PRESSURE
minus ABSOLUTE PRESSURE
(usually referred to a 30 Hg,
1013
or 760 torr barometer.
GAUGE PRESSURE
= ABUSOLUTE PRESSURE
minus
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE
(usually referred to a 14% psi
atmospheric pressure) 1013
mbar (760 torr)
PRESSURE
Any Pressure Above Atmospheric
Gauge Pressure
Atmospheric Pressure
Level of Vacuum
Any pressure below
atmospheric
Absolute Pressure
Barometric + Gauge
Barometric Pressure
Absolute Pressure
Absolute Zero Pressure
VACUUM TERMINOLOGY
PRESSURE: Pressure is defined as force applied on a surface.
1 Torr is that gas pressure which is able to raise a column of mercury by 1 mm
at 0 deg C.
Standard atmospheric pressure: 760 Torr or 760 mm of Hg.
Total Pressure: Total pressure in a vessel is the sum of the partial pressure for all the
gases and vapors within the vessel.
Partial Pressure: Partial pressure of certain gas or vapor is the pressure which that
gas or vapor will exert it alone were present in the vessel.
Vapour Pressure: Partial pressure of those vapours which can be liquefied at Liquid
Nitrogen temperature.
VACUUM TERMINOLOGY
Ultimate Pressure: The lowest pressure which can be achieved by a vacuum
pump under no load condition (blank off condition)
It depends on
Vapor pressure of the oil used
Leak tightness of the pump.

When connected to load, ultimate vacuum achievable depends up on
Air leak rate of the vessel
Vapor released from the walls of the vessel
Cleanliness of the vessel.
Pipe dimensions
UNITS IN VACUUM
Commonly used terms are:
Torr, Mbar, mm of Hg, Pascal.
Other terms are:
mm of water, atmosphere, micron etc.
1 mm of Hg = 1 Torr = 1.33 mbar = 1000 micron
1 Atm = 760 torr = 1013 mbar = 1.013 bar
1 micron = 0.001 torr or 0.001 mm of Hg
1 mbar= 0.75 torr
1 torr = 1.33 mbar
1 torr = 1000 micron
MEASURING
INSTRUMENTS
For measuring rough vacuum:

Range
Bourdon type dial gauge

0-760 mm of Hg
Liquid Manometer
0-760 mm of Hg
Diaphragm gauge
0-760 mm of Hg
Total pressure gauge (electronic type)

0-760 mm of Hg
For measuring medium & high vacuum:
McLeod gauge
10-10-3 mm of Hg
Capacitance manometer
100-10-1 mm of Hg
Thermocouple
1-10-3 mm of Hg
Pirani
1000-10-3mm of Hg
For measuring Ultra High Vacuum:
Penning, magnetron
10-3-10-6mm of Hg
Ion gauge (cold cathode, hot cathode)
10-3-10-8mm of Hg
MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
Generally, the dial gauges are classified in to two types.

1.
Absolute dial gauge
2.
Compound gauge.
In the normal compound dial gauge, the needle at atmospheric pressure will
show 0 Full vacuum is indicated by needle showing at 760
In the absolute dial gauge, at atmospheric pressure the needle will be
showing 760 and the full vacuum 0
The atmospheric pressure reading display is depends on altitude. Hence the
dial gauges have to be calibrated using a Barometer.
MEASURING
INSTRUMENTS
760
Absolute Gauge
0
Normal Gauge
Pressure Conversion Table
Barometric reading at Different Altitudes

Vacuum
Altitude (Feet)
Inches of Hg
Sea Level
29.92
760
500
29.38
746
1000
28.86
733
1500
28.33
719
2000
27.82
707
3000
26.81
681
4000
25.84
656
5000
24.84
630
6000
23.98
609
7000
22.2
564
8000
20.6
523
10000
14.6
370
mm of Hg
Vapour Pressure of Water
MEASURING
INSTRUMENTS
Thermocouple Gauge
Filament is heated electrically & its temp is measured directly by means of a thermocouple.
As the temp of the thermocouple changes due to change in pressure, which produces a
change in the voltage the current resulting is measured as pressure.
Features: It has a simple electrical circuitry & hence compact in size
Disadvantage: Highly non linear scale
Pirani gauge
MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
It measures pressure by measuring electrical resistance. The

resistance of most metals increases with temperature. Temp
depends on pressure. Wires having large temp coefficient of
resistance are used as pressure sensing element.
Features: Rapid response to changes in pressure
Disadvantage: Not suitable for handling solvent vapours, as
change in surface of the filament, its resistance changes.
Pump Sizing & selection

1.Operating pressure
2.The pump down time
3.Volume of the system
4.The gas load
5.The vacuum Manifold Size Length,
Diameter
6.Economic Priorities
7. Utilizations of the existing equipment
8. Process Recovery
9. Operating Cost
10. Capital Investment
SIZING OF
PUMPS
SIZING OF PUMPS
( for leak tight system)
S= K.2.3V/t
log(P1/P2)
S--effective pumping speed of the pump (m/hr)

V--volume(total) of the system to be evacuated (m)
T--time for evacuation (hr)
P1--initial pressure (760 mm of Hg)
P2--final pressure required in system
K pump down or service factor
Pressure Region Service/Pump
(mm of Hg)
down factor
760-100
1.00
100-10
1.25
10-1
1.5
1-0.1
4
0.1-0.01
5
0.01-0.001
6
FOR NON-CONDENSIBLES
Sthrough put=
Air leakage /Vapour load kg/hr

Molecular Weight
t= temperature at pump suction

P=final pressure required
273
760
+t
M/hr
22.4
X
X
X
273
P
Average Molecular Weight Calculation

Qty of Air Leakage V1 =
Air Mol.Wt
M1 =
Qty of Vapours
V2 =
Vapour Mol Wt
M2 =
Kg/hr
Kg/hr
Kg/hr
Kg/hr
Average Molecular Weight = M1X1 + M2 X2

V1
M1
X1 =
V1
M1
V2
M2
V2
M2
V2
M2
X2 =
V1
M1
Air Equivalent Molecular Weight

1. Vapour Load
=
Kg/hr
2.Mol.wt of Vapour
=
X
3.Rate of Air Leakage
=
Y Kg/hr
4.Molecular Weight of Air =
29
5.Ambient Temp
= 273 + t
6.Final Temp(Temp at Pump Suction)= 273 + T
Vapour Air Equivalent Load = kg/hr x 29 x 273 + T
X
273 + t
For Air = Y Kg/hr x 273 + T
273 + t
Calculation of Vacuum Reservoir Tank
P1V1 = P2V2
P1 = Initial Pressure = 760
V1 = System Volume to be evacuated = 10 lit
P2 = Pressure to be achieved in the system = 50 Torr
V2 = Volume of the Reservoir for accommodating the expanded
volume under vacuum .
V2 = P1V1 = 760 x 10
P2
50
= 152 lits
Leak Rate Calculation

Q=V. dp/ dt mm Hg lit/sec
System
under
Evacuation
Isolation
Valve
Vacuum
Pump
system volume
Dp = P1 P2
dt = t1 t2
P1 Initial
Pressure
P2 Final
Pressure
t1 Initial
Pressure
t2 Final Pressure
Conversion factor:
mm of Hg lit/sec = 0.0057 kg/hr. air at 20 C
Liquid Ring
Vacuum pump
Kinney
Liquid
Ring
PumpRing
KLRC
Liquid
Sectional Representation
of Liquid Ring Pump
Pump
Kinney
KLRC Liquid Ring

Sectional Representation of Liquid Ring Pump
Pump
Impelle
r Blade
Suctio
n Port
Center
Void
Discharg
e Port
Liquid
Ring
Compresse
d Gas
Kinney
KLRC Liquid Ring

Two Stage Pump Pump
Kinney
KLRC Liquid Ring

Two
Stage Pump
Pump
Discharg
Inlet
e
Centered
Anchored Tie
Rods
Impellers
Mechani
cal Seals
Kinney
KLRC Liquid Ring

Liquid Ring Pump Pump
Kinney
KLRC Liquid Ring

Pump
Advantages of Liquid
Ring Pumps
3
4
Direct contact Condenser

--- Eliminates the need of supplementary condensing
equipment
Insensitivity of Contamination
--- Compatibility with sealing fluid and special material of
construction
Solvent Recovery
--- Use of fluid compactable with process gases
Ease of Installation and Maintenance
--- No Rubbing Surfaces to Wear
Selection of MOC Eliminates Corrosion
Economy
--- First cost and operating Costs are low in relation to other
type of vacuum devices
Kinney
KLRC Liquid Ring

Pump SizingPump
And Selction
The Operating Pressure

a. Normal operating range of single stage pump is from
atmosphere to 1000 torr
b. Two stage pump should be considered below 100-40 torr
range
c. Below this pressure range staging with booster pump or
ejector should be considered
The Gas Load
Consider Condensable and non-condensable
Economy
a. First Cost : selection of MOC
b. Process Recovery: non-contamination of air and water
c. Operating Cost: Utility required electricity and water.
Kinney
KLRC Liquid Ring

Pump
Sealant System
Selection
Important Factors To Be Considered
1.
2.
3.
4.
Operating pressure is affected by sealant temperature,

flow rate
specific heat, density and viscosity
The gas Load : Selection of sealant and sealant system.
Economic Properties: Solvent recovery or water
conservation.
Operating Costs: Horse power and Water Costs
Types Of systems
5. Once through : No recovery
6. Partial sealant recovery
7. Total Sealant recovery
1. Conventional recirculation.
2. Zero flow emission (cooled gas discharge) System.
Kinney
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
KLRC Liquid Ring

Properties Pump
of Sealants
Vapour Pressure
It should be as low as possible
Specific heat
It should be high
Specific gravity
It should be in the range of 0.6 to 2
Viscosity
It should be low, max up to 70 centipoise
Chemical Characteristics
It should be compatible with gas being handled and selection
of material of Construction.
Kinney
KLRC Liquid Ring

Pump
Sealant Flow
Rates
Depends On
1. Type of sealant system used.
2. Size of Pump.
3. Allowable temperature rise through pump
Sealant Temperature
Affects the pumping capacity of the pump.
Pressure
Gauge
Liquid Inlet
Globe
Valve
Sealant Flow Control

P
Orifice Union
For Once Through
Partial Recovery
System
Kinney
KLRC Liquid Ring

Capacity Correction
PumpFactors
Kinney
KLRC Liquid Ring

Effect Of Saturated Vapours on Pump
Pump
Capacity
Kinney
KLRC Liquid Ring

Corrected Capacity
Calculation
Pump
Sealant : Chloroprene
Tin = 35 F
Pin = 160 Torr
Calculate Capacity Factor (CF) for Chloroprene sealant:
CF= (P in P vc) / (P in P vw)
Where
P in = Suction pressure of the pump
P vc = Vapour pressure of Chloroprene at sealant temperature
P vw = Vapour pressure of water at inlet temperature plus rise
across 1st stage(assume 5 F)
In order to determine P vc, calculate temperature of sealant after
first stage impeller (Tc)
Kinney
KLRC Liquid Ring

For Chloroprene:
Pump
SG = 0.98
Cp = 0.297 Btu/lb-F
Tc = T in + T = T in + 5/ (SG)(Cp) = (35 +
(5(0.98)(0.297))
Tc = 52 F
For Chloroprene at 52 F, P vc = 133 torr, therefore:
CF = (P in P vc) / (P in P vw) = (160-133) / (16015.8)
CF = 0.19
So, for a model KLRC 75 (cast iron)
S(actual) = S@60 F x CF = (74
acfm
acfm)
x (0.19) = 14.25
Kinney
KLRC Liquid Ring

Pump
Sealant Recovery
System
Kinney
KLRC Liquid Ring

Pump
Partial Recirculation
System
Kinney
KLRC Partial Sealant

Recovery System
Air
Ejector*
Ball
Valve
Check
Valve*
YStrainer
Vacuum
Gauge*
Check
Valve
Flow
Contr
ol
Kinney
KLRC Liquid Ring

Pump
Total Recirculation
System
Kinney
KLRC Full Sealant

Recovery System
Vacuum
Gauge*
Check
Valve*
Separator
Tank
Level
Gauge*
Circulation
Pump*
Temperatu
re Gauge
Y-Strainer
Heat
Exchange
r
Kinney
KLRC Liquid Ring

Pump
Total Recirculation
System
Kinney
KLRC Liquid Ring

Pump
Example Of Total
Vapour Content
In Discharge Gas StreamRecirculation
Conventional Type
System
Kinney
KLRC Liquid Ring

Pump
Example Of Vapour Content In Discharge Gas Stream
Total Recirculation
System
Kinney
How It Works
KLRC Liquid Ring

Pump
Total Recirculation
System
Kinney
KLRC Liquid Ring Pump
1.
Recirculation Benefits &

Heat Exchangerfeatures
Mounted Before Separator
Maximum condensation of process vapours, giving reduced
vapour content in cooled gas discharge
2. Vertically Mounted Heat Exchanger

Eliminates blockage ensuring efficient operation of both heat
exchanger and consequently the liquid ring pump
3. Large capacity Storage Tank

Enable collection and retention of large quantities of
condensed vapours, which can the be reused or deposited of.
4. Short, Uninterrupted Seal Liquid Path From
Tank Pump
Gives minimum pressure drop, therefore
Kinney
KLRC Liquid ring Pump

Models
KLRC-40
KLRC-75
KLRC-100
KLRC-125
KLRC-200
KLRC-300
KLRC-525
KLRC-526
40
75
100
125
200
300
525
432
cfm
cfm
cfm
cfm
cfm
cfm
cfm
cfm
Kinney
KLRC Liquid Ring

Pump Accessories
Inlet Vacuum Gauge
Inlet Vacuum Relief Valve
Inlet Check Valve
Flex Connector
Inlet Shut-off Valve
Inlet Air Ejector
Kinney
KLRC Liquid Ring

Pump Specifications
Kinney
KLRC Liquid ring Pump

Performance Curves
600
KLRC-525K
500
PUMPING SPEED ACFM
KLRC-526K
400
KLRC-300K
300
KLRC-200K
200
KLRC-125K
KLRC-100K
100
KLRC-75K
KLRC-40K
0
10
100
PRESSURE IN TORR
1000
Kinney
KLRC LIQUID Ring

Pump Standard
Bronze Features
Impellers
Impellers Positively
Locked on Shaft
Cast Iron Casing
Center Anchored Tie
Rods
No Gaskets
John Crane Type 21
Seals
Kinney
KLRC Liquid Ring

Pump Sample
Applications
Casting, Molding,
Evacuation
Forming
Chucking
Cooling & Chilling
Dearation/Degasificati
on
Dehydration
Deodorization
Distillation
Evisceration
Filling
Filtration
Freeze Drying
Impregnation
Packaging & Sealing
Vacuum Cooking
atlantic fluidics
atlantic
fluidics
Liquid Ring
Pumps
atlantic
fluidics
Overview
The atlantic fluidics line of

liquid ring pumps feature a
compact, rugged design;
enabling the user to benefit
from the highest vacuum
and the most liquid handling
of any comparable liquid
ring pump.
atlantic
fluidics
Fluid- Vac
Technology
All Atlantic Fluidics pumps feature the Fluid-Vac axial flow

technology.
This design directs the gas along the shaft axis, (and not at
a right angle) which generates an almost constant torque
across the vacuum range.
The shrouded rotor does not leave any

blades exposed and allows the pump
to start flooded.
The axial flow also enables the
Atlantic Fluidics pump to ingest more
liquids than any comparable pump.
atlantic
fluidics
Fluid- Vac
Advantages
Mechanical seal
Shrouded
Rotor
O-ring
seal
Port
Cylinder
atlantic
fluidics
Fluid- Vac
Pump Cutaway
atlantic
fluidics
Fluid- Vac
Rotor
Fluid-Vac
double shrouded rotor
Open blade impeller
atlantic
fluidics
Fluid- Vac
Port Cylinder
Fluid-Vac port cylinder
Flat port plate
atlantic
fluidics
Fluid- Vac
Mechanical Seal Assembly
stainless steel
spring
rotary cartridge
carbon face
ceramic stationary
seat
atlantic
fluidics
Fluid- Vac
Advantages of Bronze
Non rusting
No special precautions
needed for shutdown
More forgiving should solid material
enter the pump
Good corrosion resistance
atlantic
fluidics
Fluid- Vac
Pumps
Bronze
Cast Iron
Ni-Resist
Stainless Steel
Motors
TEFC
Explosion Proof
Marine Duty
Mill & Chemical
High Efficiency
O-Rings & Mechanical

Seals
Buna
Teflon
Viton
Kalrez
EPR
atlantic
fluidics
Fluid- Vac
Features & Benefits
FEATURE
Fluid-Vac axial
flow technology
Close-coupled
Shrouded rotor
Can start flooded
O-ring seals
BENEFIT
Highest vacuum with
most liquid handling
No alignment problems
Blades are protected
Unlike other pump
designs
Gas tight, outlasts
gaskets
atlantic
fluidics
Fluid- Vac
Technology
Features & Benefits
FEATURE
BENEFIT
Flat power curve
Non-overloading across
vacuum range
High vacuum
Outperforms flat plate

design
Wide range of
materials
TEFC & XP motors
Easy to maintain
Bronze, cast iron, NiResist & stainless steel

3 & 1
Designed for in-the-field
repair
atlantic
fluidics
Fluid- Vac
Principle of
Operation
atlantic
fluidics
Fluid- Vac Models

A-Series
o
o
A5
10 cfm 1.0 HP
A10
15 cfm 1.5 HP
A15
22 cfm2.0 HP
A20 30 cfm 3.0 HP
A75 75 cfm 5.0 HP
A100 100 cfm 7.5 HP
A130 125 cfm 10 HP
A200 200 cfm 15 HP
A300 300 cfm 20 HP
atlantic
fluidics
Fluid- Vac Models

A-Series
The A-Series pumps are:
Single stage
Vacuum from 0 28 Hg
Capacity up to 300 CFM
atlantic
fluidics
Fluid- Vac Models

A-Series
atlantic
fluidics
Fluid- Vac Model

A-Series
C ap acity (C F M )
Model A75 - A130

140
A130
120
A100
100
A75
80
60
40
5
10
15
20
Vacuum (IN HG)
25
30
atlantic
fluidics
Fluid- Vac Models

A-Series
C a p a c ity (C F M )
Model A200 - A300

A300
300
250
A200
200
150
100
5
10
15
20
Vacuum (IN HG)
25
30
atlantic
fluidics
Fluid- Vac Model

T-Series
o
T0505 10 cfm 2 HP
T1505 20 cfm 3 HP
T2010 30 cfm 5 HP
T7530 75 cfm 7.5 HP
T10030 100 cfm 10 HP
atlantic
fluidics
Fluid- Vac Model

T-Series
The T-Series pumps are:
Two stage
Vacuum up to 29.3 Hg (15 Torr)
Capacity up to 100 CFM
atlantic
fluidics
Fluid- Vac Model

T-Series
C apacity (C FM )
Model T0505 - T2010

35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
T2010
T1505
T0505
27
27.5
28
28.5
Vacuum (IN HG)
29
29.5
atlantic
fluidics
Fluid- Vac Model

T-Series
C ap acity (C F M )
Model T7530 - T10030

100
T10030
80
T7530
60
40
20
27
27.5
28
28.5
Vacuum (IN HG)
29
29.5
atlantic
fluidics
Fluid- Vac Model

Pedestal Bare shaft
Useful alternative when a non-standard motor is

specified.
Non-standard pump materials, such as Alloy-20 &
Hastelloy are offered in the Pedestal version.
Allows customers to belt drive

the pump at a
higher or slower speed
atlantic
fluidics
Standard Systems
NSR, PSR & FSR
NSR (Once-Through Sealant)

Standard & Stainless Steel option
PSR (Partial Sealant Recovery)

Standard & Stainless Steel option
FSR (Full Sealant

Recovery)
Liquid-Cooled (Standard &
Stainless option)
Air-Cooled (Standard only)
atlantic
fluidics
Standard Systems
OSR
OSR (Oil Sealed)

Self contained package
No external sealant or cooling
required
Close-coupled compact design
atlantic
fluidics
Standard Systems
EWP
EWP (Water Sealed

Soil Remediation
Package)
Direct Feed or Knockout
Tank options
Oil-free discharge
XP and non-XP versions
available
atlantic
fluidics
Standard Systems
EOP
EOP (Oil Sealed

Soil
Remediation
Package)
Oil sealed selfcontained system
No fresh water
required
XP and non-XP
versions available
atlantic
fluidics
Standard Systems
CVP
CVP (Central Vacuum Package)

Simplex and Duplex available
Sealant is NSR (Once-Through)
atlantic
fluidics
Standard Systems
Booster / Liquid
Ring
Combination
Vacuum Booster & Liquid
Ring
5 standard models (with NSR)
Ideal for pressures 10 to 50 Torr
Peak capacities from 100 to 450 CFM
More cost effective than
steam jets, air ejectors or
high horsepower two stage
liquid ring pumps
Single electrical connection
(one motor drives both
pumps)
atlantic
fluidics
Standard Systems
LRC
LRC (Liquid Ring Compressor

Package)
Provides
clean,up
oil-free
Dischargecool,
pressure
to 20 air
psig
Sealant is NSR (Once-Through)
8 models available (15 300
CFM)
atlantic
fluidics
Successful
Applications
APPLICATION
Plastic Extrusion
(venting extruder)
Plastic Extrusion
(downstream
tanks)
Soil Remediation
Sterilizers
STRENGTH
Can handle water vapor
Can handle cooling
water without need for
separate transfer pump
Complete package with
proven reliability
Non-rusting all bronze
pump
Kinney
Dry Screw Vacuum

Pump
Dry Screw
Vacuum
Pumps
Kinney
Dry Screw Vacuum

Pump
An Introduction to Kinneys
Dry Screw pump range
Kinney
Dry Screw Vacuum

Pump
Kinney
Dry Screw Vacuum

Pump
Kinney KDP Dry Screw Pumps

have screws with Archimedes &
Quimby Design Curves. The familiar
Archimedes Screw is a good model
to relate with the theory of operation
of the Kinney KDP Dry Pumps
Archimedes Screw for

a screw conveyor
Archmedes style
screws in a
Kinney KDP Dry
Screw Vacuum
Pump
Water Pump- Leonardo Da Vinci
Kinney
1. Screws
2. Mechanical
Seals
3. Timing Gears
4. Bearings
5. Bearings
6. Removable
Plates
7. Drive End
Dry Screw Vacuum

Pump
Kinney
Dry Screw Vacuum

Inlet
Pump
1 revolution
2 revolutions
4 revolutions
Exhaust
Kinney
Dry Screw Vacuum

Pump
Single Stage - Straight Through - Short

Path
Kinney
Dry Screw Vacuum

Pump
Screw Rotor & Single
Stage
Higher Volume Efficiency

Higher Compression Ratio
Improve Pumping Speed
Kinney
Dry Screw Vacuum

Pump
Kinney
Dry Screw Vacuum

Pump
Bearing Holder
Exploded
View
Timing Gears
Front End Cover
Blind Plate
Variable Pitch
Screws
Front End Plate

Guide Plates
Casing
Grease Cover
Rear End Plate
Kinney
Dry Screw Vacuum

Pump
Kinney
Dry Screw Vacuum

Pump
Screw Designs of Kinney Dry Screw Pump

Straight Pitch
Variable Pitch
KDP Series
SDV Series
Kinney
Dry Screw Vacuum

Pump
Screw Designs of Kinney Dry Screw Pump
Straight Pitch
KDP Series
Variable Pitch
SDV Series
Kinney
Dry Screw Vacuum

Pump
Cross Sectional View Of Dry Screw Vacuum

Pump
Kinney
Dry Screw Vacuum

Pump
Why Choose Screw
Pumps
Screw
Roots + Hook and Claw
Multistage Roots
quick gas discharge,
minimal agitation of the process gas,
and
less potential to accumulate
particulate
Kinney
Dry Screw Vacuum

Pump
The SDV dry vacuum

pump is a single
stage , dry running,
non-contact,
variable pitch
screw type vacuum
pump.
NEW Patented
SDV variable
pitch screw
design
Older
technology
straight pitch
screw design
Kinney
Dry Screw Vacuum

Pump
Kinney
Dry Screw Vacuum

Pump
The short gas path in the
SDV
dry screw type vacuum pump enables
quick gas discharge,

minimal agitation of the process gas, and
less potential to accumulate particulate
compared to hook and claw or
multiple Roots type dry pumping technology.
Kinney
Dry Screw Vacuum

Pump
Because the SDV has a variable
pitch screw design, the
compression process is more
efficient and the
pump runs cooler!
The following P-V diagrams can

best explain this.
Kinney
Dry Screw Vacuum

Pump
OLDER TECHNOLOGY
STRAIGHT PITCH SCREW
Energy Consumed
DELIVERY
P
P2
P dV
W=
P1
EXTERNAL
COMPRESSION
SUCTION
V
Since this is an open system the gas does not return to the original state.
External compression is inefficient and some energy input becomes
wasted heat, resulting in a higher discharge temperature.
Kinney
Dry Screw Vacuum

Pump
TUTHILL SDV DRY
VACUUM PUMP
EXTERNAL
COMPRESSION
DELIVERY
P
W=
P2
P dV
Energy
Savings
P1
Energy
Consumed
SUCTION
INTERNAL
COMPRESSION
Since this is an open system the gas does not return to the original state.
The SDV has a variable pitch screw and internal compression of the gas.
Kinney
Dry Screw Vacuum

Pump
The Kinney patented

SDV dry pump uses
LESS HORSEPOWER and

OPERATES COOLER
than older technology straight pitch dry
screw vacuum pumps!!
Kinney
Dry Screw Vacuum

Pump
Advantages of
the patented
SDV dry vacuum pump
Up to 30% lower power consumption

Lower pump discharge temperature
(over 200F lower on SDV800 at 0.01 Torr)
Double gas tight mechanical seals on discharge
end
High volumetric efficiency
High liquid tolerance (up to 5 GPM)
Kinney
Dry Screw Vacuum

Pump
Advantages of the patented

SDV dry vacuum pump
Short gas path through the pump
Low vibration & low noise level
C-flange motor mounting on most models
Pump can be cleaned in place
Minimal maintenance
Kinney
Dry Screw Vacuum

Pump
Why
non-coated
internals?
Kinney
Dry Screw Vacuum

Pump
Many dry screw pump manufacturers

have chosen to offer a coating on
the pump rotors and housing as standard.

They claim the coating provides
improved corrosion protection
for the pump.
Kinney
Dry Screw Vacuum

Pump
Tuthill also offers coatings
on their SDV dry screw vacuum pumps,

but only as an option.
Our experience has shown basic
problems with PTFE or PFA coated
screw type dry vacuum pumps.
Kinney
Dry Screw Vacuum

Pump
Problems with PTFE or PFA coated

screw type dry vacuum pumps
Coatings are thin & porous, providing
little corrosion protection to the
pump rotors and housing
Kinney
Dry Screw Vacuum

Pump
Problems with PTFE or PFA coated

screw type dry vacuum pumps.
Coatings have limited life
Loss of coating increases pump
clearances
Increased pump clearance limits
pump ultimate pressure rating
Kinney
Dry Screw Vacuum

When a coating isPump
absolutely
required, Tuthill recommends

a two part coating
1st: Ni 0.015 to 0.020mm,

2nd: PFA 0.025 to 0.035mm
In this coating option even if the top PFA

coating wears away, the Nickel plating will
provide protection from corrosive chemicals
Kinney
Dry Screw Vacuum

Pump
Benefits of Kinney Dry Screw Pump
Single stage
Screw Type
Pumping Speed
0.1
Multi stage
Roots+Claw Type
0.1
1
10
Pressure[Torr]
100
1
10
Pressure[Torr]
100
Pumping Speed
Pumping Speed
Multi stage
Roots Type
0.1
1
10
Pressure[Torr]
100
Kinney
Dry Screw Vacuum

Pump
Kinney KDP
Models
Kinney
Dry Screw Vacuum

Pump
Kinney SDV
Models
Kinney
Dry Screw Vacuum

Pump
Reduced Footprint of SDV Model

KDP-330
SDV-320
Kinney
Dry Screw Vacuum

Comparison with
Oil Rotary
Pump
Vacuum Pump System
OIL ROTARY V/P SYSTEM
1. Initial vacuum is good, but vacuum varies

on process
DRY TYPE VACUUM PUMP SYSTEM
1. Dry type vacuum pump (constant vacuum)

2. Suitable for compressed vapor or moisture
2. Condensed vapor and moisture emulsify

with vacuum oil & cause process unstable
3. Vane or piston's abrasion is high
Maintenance is difficult
3. No need for oil changed (but, oil in bearing

should be changed every 3-6 months)
4. No contact between rotor & casing-No
water
4. Frequent vacuum oil change

5. Limit on capacity. Only for small size
5. Suitable for any capacity from low

capacity to high one
6. Too much power consumption compare

with capacity
6. Save 1/21/5 of power consumption than

oil rotary vacuum pump of same size
Kinney
Dry Screw Vacuum

Pump
Comparison with
Water Sealed
Vacuum Pump System
WATER SEALED V/P SYSTEM
1. Pressure varies with Cooling water temp.

(in summer)
1. Cooling water Temp have no effect

on vacuum
2. Noise & abrasion due to cavitations

(by using air ejector, cavitations is prevented
and vacuum efficiency will be improved)
2. No vacuum variation during summer time

temp. rise
3. Power & cooling water consumption is

higher than capacity
Waste water contamination problem
4. Capacity limit to low vacuum (20050Torr)
5. Power & investment cost will be much
bigger to make big capacity
3. Utility cost 1/21/10 than water sealed

Vacuum Pump
4. Suitable for high vacuum (10010-2Torr)
5. Compare with current systems, more cost
will be saved to be bigger capacities
Kinney
Dry Screw Vacuum

Pump
Comparison with Current Steam Booster
System
STEAM BOOSTER SYSTEM
1. Too much utility cost (steam, cooling water)
1. Utility cost 1/101/15 of steam booster
2. Waste water & pollution problems by

using barometric condenser
2. Originally eliminate waste water problem
3. Cooling water temp. rises during summer

(in barometric condenser) result product
quality unstable
4. Need large space for installation compare
to capacity
5. Too much utility costs due to nozzle
abrasion for long time use
3. Keep constant vacuum and stabilize process

in spite of water temp. variation in summer
4. Small size compare to capacity could save
space
5. Easy maintenance
6. Simple operation due to system automation
7. Easy capacity control & good for high
capacity (5300 /min)
Kinney
Dry Screw Vacuum

Pump
Technical Support provided by Tuthill
Kinney
Dry Screw Vacuum

Pump
Technical Support provided by Tuthill
Kinney
Dry Screw Vacuum

Pump
Kinney / Kowel Star Alliance Partnership
Not a badging Exercise
A genuine working partnership
Share design conceptions
Exchange Technical information and Drawings
Work together to find creative solutions
Exchange of Tuthill Products and Kowel Products
Very close and trusting relationship
Kinney
Rotary Piston Vacuum

Pumps
Rotary Piston
Vacuum
Pumps
Kinney

Piston Pumps
Pumps
Theory of Operation
KS / KD / KDH Series
KC Series
KTC Series
KT Series
Applications
Competition Analysis
Kinney

Pumps
Theory of operation
1. Gas
Enters Pump
4. Full
Expansion
2. Expanding
Cavity
3. Further
Expansion
Kinney
1. Initial
Compressio
n
2. Further
Compression

Pumps
Theory of Operation
4. Full
Compressio
n
3. Discharge
Valve begins
to Open
Kinney

Pumps
Simplex pump,
Model KS, single
piston
Duplex pump, Model,

KD, with two pistons
set 180 apart.
Compound Pump, Model KC, with two

pistons in series connected to oil
chamber between stages.
Kinney

Pumps
3 Slide Pins
1 Shaft
3 Cams
3 Pistons
Kinney

Pumps
KD/KDH Models
Duplex Piston Design
KDH130
shown
KD-30
KD-50
KDH-130
33 CFM
52 CFM
134 CFM
Duplex pump, Model, KD,

with two pistons set 180
apart.
Kinney
Oil Separator/
Oil Mist
Eliminator

Pumps
Discharg
e Port
KD/KDH Models
Intake
Port
Oil Line
Solenoid
Oil
Piping
Motor
Base
Oil Sight
Glass
Oil Fill
Port
Oil Drain
Oil Drain
For
Separator
Gas
Ballast
Valve
Belt
Guard
Kinney

Pumps
Discharge Port
Oil Fill
KD/KDH
Models
Oil Separator
Port (not
Cooling Water
(water outlet)
seen)
Oil Sight
Glass
Oil Line
Solenoid
Intake
Port
Oil
Piping
Motor
Gas
Ballast
Valve
Belt Guard
(not seen:
Pump sheave,
Motor Sheave,
V-Belt)
Base
Cooling Water (water inlet)
Kinney

Pumps
KS/KD/KDH
Full pumping
speed HighFeatures
vapor handling
down to 1 Torr
Large oil passages
Rugged cast iron
construction
No metal to metal
contact
Durable, reliable
design
capability
KS & KD (OME
standard)
Greater oil capacity
than many competitive
pumps
Low maintenance
Slow rotational speed
Low oil temperatures
Kinney

Pumps
KS/KD/KDH
Specifications
Specifications subject to change without notice.
Kinney

Pumps
KS/KD/KDH Performance
Curves
140
KDH-130
PUMPING SPEED IN CFM
120
100
80
60
KD-50
40
KD-30
20
0
0.001
KS-15
0.01
0.1
PRESSURE IN TORR (MM HG ABS)
10
100
1000
Kinney

Pumps
KS/KD/KDH Applications
Extruders
Radiator/Brake
Filling
Seal Oil Systems at
Power Stations
Ceramics
Vacuum Coating
Battery Drying
Explosives
Plastics
Transformer/Degass
ing Electrical
Insulating Oils
Plastics
Wiring
Manufacturing
Evaporators
Thermoforming
Kinney
Two stage Rotary Piston Vacuum

Pumps KC Model
Compound Piston Design
KC-2
2 CFM
KC-3
3 CFM
KC-5
5 CFM
KC-8
8 CFM
KC-15
15 CFM
Compound Pump, Model KC, with two pistons in

series connected to oil chamber between
stages.
Kinney

Pumps KC Model
Discharge
Port
Intake
Port
Oil Fill
Ports
Bas
e
Oil
Drain
Ports
Oil Separator/
Oil Mist
Eliminator
Oil Sight
Glass
Gas
Ballast
Valve
Belt Guard
(not seen:
pump pulley,
motor pulley, vbelt & motor.)
Kinney
KC Model
Features
High pumping speed
at pressures below
100 microns
Large oil passages
Rugged cast iron
construction
No metal to metal
contact
Durable, reliable
design
High vapor handling
capability
OME standard
Greater oil capacity
than many competitor
pumps
Low maintenance
Excellent wear
resistance
Kinney
KC Model
Specifications
Model
KC-2
KC-3
KC-5
KC-8
KC-15
Displacement at Rated RPM
cfm
15
Motor
HP
1/4
1/3
1/3
1/2
Pump Full Load
RPM
767
1150
638
1022
571
Oil Capacity
Operating Weight
Qt.
lbs
kg
0.5
60
27
0.5
65
29
0.8
115
52
0.8
120
54
3
210
95
Max Gas Ballast Flow
15
15
12
Typical Blank-off (5% Gas Ballast)
Torr
0.020
0.020
0.020
0.020
0.020
Ultimate Pressure
Microns
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
Typical Noise Level @ 10 Torr
dBA
68
68
75
78
75
Kinney
KC Series
Performance Curves
14
KC-15
PUMPING SPEED IN CFM
12
10
KC-8
6
KC-5
4
KC-3
KC-2
0
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
PRESSURE IN TORR (MM HG ABS)
10
100
1000
Kinney
KTC Models
Pumps
Triplex Compound Piston Design
KTC-21
21 CFM
KTC-35
35 CFM
KTC-60
60 CFM
KTC-112
107 CFM
KTC-225
221 CFM
Kinney
Oil Fill
Port
KTC 21/35 Models

Discharge
Pumps
Gas Ballast
Port
Valve
Oil Sight
Glass
Oil Drain
Valves
Oil Solenoid
Valves
Suction
Port
Moto
r
Oil
Piping
Kinney
Dischar
ge Port
Suction
Port
KTC 60/112/225 Models

Motor
Pumps
Oil Fill
Ports
Oil
Sight
Glass
Gas
Ballast
Valve
Oil Line
Solenoi
d
Oil
Piping
Pump
Nameplat
e
Belt
Guard
Oil Drain
Valves
Kinney
KTC Models
Features
High pumping speed at
pressures below 100

microns
Large oil passages
Rugged cast iron
construction
No metal to metal
contact
Durable, reliable design
High vapor handling
capability
Unique triplex design

Low noise levels
Force fed oil lubrication
(KTC-112/KTC-225)
Caged slide pins
Reliable discharge valves
Excellent wear resistance
Low maintenance
Kinney
KTC Models
Specifications
Model
KTC-21
KTC-35
KTC-60
KTC-112 KTC-225

Motor
Pump Full Load
Oil Capacity
cfm
HP
RPM
Qt.
21
1.5
1725
2
35
2
1150
5
60
3
972
8
107
7.5
1055
16
221
15
870
32
Cooling Water (min.)

Operating Weight
gpm
lbs
kg
A/C
170
77
A/C
355
161
A/C
515
234
1.5
765
347
3
1580
717

Gas Ballast Pressure
Ultimate Pressure (McLeod Gauge)
Typical Noise Level @ 10 Torr
%
Torr
Torr
dBA
10
0.020
0.2
72
10
0.020
0.2
70
10
0.020
0.2
70
10
0.020
0.2
70
10
0.020
0.2
73
Kinney
KTC Models
Performance Curves
Kinney
KC/KTC Models
Applications
Air Conditioning
Refrigeration
Brake Fluid Filling
Resin Degassing
Laboratory Ovens
Industrial Gas
Cylinders
Light Bulb
Evacuation
Semiconductor
Processing (CVD)
Crystal Growing
(Semiconductor)
Holding Pumps for
Diffusion Pumps
Kinney
KT Models
Pumps
Triplex Piston Design
KT-150 150
CFM
KT- 300 300
CFM
KT-500 470
CFM
KT-850 780
CFM
Kinney
Oil
Separato
r
Pumpin
g
Chamb
er
KT Standard
Pumps
Oil Fill
Plug
Outlet
Port
Intake
Port
(opposite
side)
Oil Circulation
Piping
Oil
Pump
Sight
Glass
Gas
Ballast
Oil
Drain
Kinney
KT Models
Cross Section
Kinney
KT Models
Features
High vapor handling
capability
Series 2000 models
to 1 Torr
integral OME
Quiet vibration-free
Unique triplex design
operation
Low noise levels
Compact footprint &
Force fed oil lubrication
simple installation
(most units)
Large oil passages
Caged slide pins
Rugged cast iron
Reliable discharge valves
construction
Excellent wear resistance
No metal to metal contact Low maintenance
Durable, reliable design
High pumping speed down
Kinney
KT Models
Specifications
Model
cfm
Motor
Pump Full Load
Oil Capacity
@80F (27C)
Dry Weight (complete assy.)
m /hr
HP
KW
RPM
Gal
Liter
gpm
1/m
lbs
kg
cfm
3
KT-150
KT-300
KT-500
KT-850
150
255
7.5
5.6
300
505
15
11
470
800
30
22
780
1325
40
30
1055
6
23
1
4
800
364
11
18
2
3
0.010
0.013
870
10
38
1.5
6
1525
693
20
34
2
3
0.010
0.013
721
15
57
2.5
9
2700
1225
34
58
2
3
0.010
0.013
581
28
106
3.5
13
4400
1996
62
105
2
3
0.010
0.013

m /hr
Typical Blank Off Presure
Torr
with 5% Gas Ballast
mBar
Ultimate Pressure
Torr
(McLeod Gauge)
mBar
Typical Noise Level
@
10 Torr
dBA
71
72
73
75
Kinney
KT Models
Performance Curves
Kinney
KT Series 2000 Models

Triplex Piston Design
KT-170LP
94 CFM
KT-190LP
112 CFM
KT-275LP
162 CFM
KT-505LP
300 CFM
KT-840VFP
470 CFM
KT-1350VFP
780 CFM
Kinney
KT Low Profile
Pressure Gauge
Oil Sight
Glass
(indicates element
replacement)
Oil Fill
Oil
Temperature
Gauge
Oil Mist Eliminator
(contains 2 filter
elements)
Oil Line
Check
Valve
Discharge
Port
Compound
Gauge (oil line
pressure)
Gas Ballast
Valve (needle &
Cooling
Water
Inlet
Cooling
Water
Outlet
ball valve)
Motor
Junction
Box
Oil Pump
& Oil
Piping
Oil Drain
Valve
Kinney
KT Low Profile
Oil
Separat
or
Pump
Shea
ve
Moto
r
Intak
e
Port
Motor
Sheave &
Bushing
Moto
r
Base
Water Relief
Valve
(Cooling Jacket)
VBelt
Kinney
KT Low Profile Series
Specification
Model
KT-120LP KT-170LP
cfm

Motor
Pump Full Load
Oil Capacity
@80F (27C)
Dry Weight (complete assy.)
Typical Blank Off Presure
with 5% Gas Ballast
Ultimate Pressure
(McLeod Gauge)
Typical Noise Level
@ 10 Torr
KT-190LP
KT-275LP KT-505LP
KT-840
KT-1350
70
120
5
3.7
94
160
5
3.7
112
190
7.5
5.6
162
275
10
7.5
297
505
15
11
484
820
30
22
780
1325
40
30
m /hr
Torr
mBar
Torr
mBar
1750
1.75
6.5
1
4
385
175
5
9
2
3
0.010
0.013
1150
2.6
10
1
4
750
340
8
14
2
3
0.010
0.013
1360
2.6
10
1
4
780
354
8
14
2
3
0.010
0.013
1200
4.5
17
1
4
900
408
11
18
2
3
0.010
0.013
875
10
38
1.5
6
1870
848
20
34
2
3
0.010
0.013
744
15
57
2.5
9
3000
1361
34
58
2
3
0.010
0.013
581
28
106
3.5
13
4600
2087
62
105
2
3
0.010
0.013
dBA
72
71
71
72
72
73
75
m /hr
HP
KW
RPM
Gal
Liter
gpm
1/m
lbs
kg
cfm
3
Kinney
KT Series 2000
Performance Curves
Kinney
KT Low Profile
Sample Applications
Vacuum Furnace/Metals
Treatment
Food Industry
Processing and
Packaging
Vacuum Coating
Altitude Chambers
Freeze Drying/Shelf or
Cone Dryers
Vacuum Cooling
(Produce)
Crystal Growing
(Semiconductor)
Battery Drying
Explosives
Vacuum Cooking
(Candy Products)
Kinney
KT Low Profile
Sample Applications (..contd)
Pipeline Drying
(Natural Gas Lines)
Electronic
Capacitors
Plating
Evaporators
Transformer/Degass
ing Electrical
Insulating Oils
Thermoforming
Vacuum Degreasers
Motor Windings
(Vacuum
Impregnation)
Kinney
Rotary Vane Vacuum Pumps
Rotary Vane
Vacuum
Pumps
Kinney
Air-Cooled, Oil
Sealed
KSV Single Stage Vane Pumps
Used in applications with typical
operating pressures between 760- 25
Torr
KVAC Compound Vane Pumps

Used in applications with typical
operating pressures between 0.00110 Torr
Kinney

Theory of Operation
Volumetric pump, functional part

composed of:
Hollow cylindrical stator with inlet and
exhaust valves.
Rotor mounted eccentrically inside stator for
pumping.
Two vanes sliding in the rotor, forced against
the stator by centrifugal force and springs.
Kinney

Theory of Operation (..contd)
Inlet
Transfer
Compression
Exhaust
As the vane passes in front of

the inlet orifice, an increasing
space is formed into which
the gas from the chamber to
be evacuated expands. When
the second vane passes, the
space is closed.
The gas trapped in the space
between the two vanes is
transferred to the exhaust
orifice as the rotor rotates.
The space communicates with

the exhaust, which is fitted with
a valve: The gas is compressed
until the safety valve is opened.
The gas is expelled into the

oil casing when the pressure
is sufficient to open the valve.
Kinney

Theory of Operation(.. contd)
Two-Stage
Pump
Low
Pressure
High Pressure
Stage
To improve backing pressure and flow rate at low

pressure, two stages are connected in series. The
second is similar to the first both structurally and
operationally. The gases pulled in by the first (low
pressure) stage are transferred to the second (high
pressure) stage and discharged through the high
pressure (HP) valve.
Kinney
KSV Models
Single Stage Rotary Vane Vacuum
Pumps
KUV-25
18 cfm
KSV-200 118 cfm
KSV-40
28 cfm
KSV-300 171 cfm
KSV-65
37 cfm
KSV-500 295 cfm
KSV-100 66 cfm
KSV-630 450 cfm
Kinney
KSV Model
Internal Oil Mist

Filters
Spin-On Oil Filter

(Rear of Oil Casing)
Inlet
Fan: Pump
is AirCooled
Exhau
st
Gas Ballast
Valve
Anti-Suck
back Valve
(Internal)
Kinney
KVS Models
Standard Features
Gas ballast valve

Anti-suckback valve
Oil mist filters
Automatic oil return
Oil filter
Exhaust
overpressure
bypass valve
Unique lubrication
design allows from
atmosphere down to .4
Torr
Low noise and vibration
Air-cooled
Easy access
maintenance points
Asbestos free vanes
Kinney
KVS Sample Applications

(pressure from Atm to 0.4 torr)
Chucking of Parts
Altitude Simulation
Degassing
Meat Processing
Vacuum Furnace
Thermoforming
Vacuum Packaging
Impregnation
Distillation
Central Vacuum
Systems
Coupled to a
Vacuum Booster
Kinney
KVS Specifications
Specifications subject to
change without notice.
Kinney
KVS Performance Curves
Kinney
KVS Central Systems

Operates automatically Starts
when system demand increases
Stops for energy conservation
Several configurations available
Remotely located, can reduce noise,
heat in work area
Easy (1-2-3) installation
Kinney
KVS Central System Features
Standard
Receiver storage tank
Inlet filters and
isolation valves
Flex connectors
All piping
Vacuum gauges
Complete control panel
Options
Programmable logic
controllers
Inlet check valves
Oil level alarms
Charcoal exhaust filter
Explosion proof
controls & pump
motors
Auto purge assembly
Custom control panels
Kinney
KVS Sample Application
Medical & Dental hospitals,

surgical suction, fluid extraction
Aerospace flight simulators,
equipment preservation, aircraft
mfg.
Labs dryers, gas transfer, vapor
evacuation, autoclaves
Metal Fabrication parts chucking,
packing, impregnation
Food Processing packaging,
blending, chambers, conveyor feed,
evisceration
Kinney
KVS Specifications
Kinney
KVS typical System

Configurations
Tank Mounted**
Simplex
Pump
Tank
Size
KUV-25
60 gal.
KSV-40, 65
80 gal.
KSV-100
120 gal.
KSV-200, 300
240 gal.
Stack/Base Mounted*
Duplex/Triplex
Pump
Tank Size
KUV-25
KSV-40, 65
KSV-100
KSV-200, 300
KSV-585, 630
60 gal.
80 gal.
120 gal.
240 gal.
400 gal.
Duplex
Duplex
System: Tank
Mounted
KUV-25
KSV-40
KSV-65, 100
KSV-200, 300
60 gal.
80 gal.
120 gal.
240 gal.
** Horizontal Receiver Tank

* Vertical Receiver Tank
Duplex
System:
Base
Mounted
Triplex
System:
Stack
Mounted
Kinney
KVAC Models
Compound Vane Pumps
KVAC-2
KVAC-5
KVAC-21 14.6
cfm
1.4 cfm
KVAC-33 24 cfm
3.8 cfm
KVAC-10 6.8 cfm KVAC-63 43 cfm

KVAC-15 10.6
cfm
Kinney
1.
Oil Case
2.
Gas ballast
control
3.
Base
4.
Oil level sight

glass
5.
Filling plugs
6.
Draining plug
7.
Frame
8.
Inlet end
fitting
9.
Exhaust end
fitting
10.
Fold-away
handle
11.
Electric motor
12.
IEC electric
socket
13.
ON/OFF switch
Kinney KVAC
Single
Phase
Universal
Motor
Horizontal Exhaust
Port
Kinney
KVAC Standard Features
Speed range: 1.4 cfm

to 42.4 cfm
Universal single &
three phase motors
Vertically or
horizontally mounted
exhaust
Easy to operate
Maintenance friendly
design no special
tools
Ultimate vacuum .001

Torr
External shaft seal for
easy removal
Gas ballast & antisuckback valves
standard
Environmentally
friendly low oil mist
Compact design
Low noise levels
Kinney
KVAC Sample Applications

Lamp Manufacturing
Neon Sign Manufacturing
Electron Tube Evacuation
Metallurgy
Centrifuges
Web Coaters
Refrigeration & AC
Backing Diffusion Pumps
Various R&D Applications
Kinney
KVAC Technical Data
Specificatio
Characteristicns Unit
KVAC-2
Pumping Speed @ 60 Hz
Ultimate Pressure
(Gas Ballast Closed)
Ultimate Pressure
(Gas Ballast Open)
Water Vapor
1.4
2.3x10-3
3.8
1.5x10-3
6.8
1.5x10-3
10.6
1.5x10-3
14.6
1.5x10-3
23.3
42.4
-3
2.25x10 2.25x10-3
torr
2.3x10-2
1.5x10-2
1.5x10-2
1.5x10-2
1.5x10-2
1.5x10-2
1.5x10-2
22.5
0.25
3600
0.4
54
16/10mm
26.4
18.8
0.75
1800
0.9
56
25
55
11.2
0.75
1800
1.0
56
25
57.2
7.5
0.75
1800
1.0
57
25
59.4
5.2
0.75
1800
1.0
58
25
61.6
22.5
1.5
1800
3.8
67
40
134
18.8
3.0
1800
7.4
72
40
205
torr
Motor Power
HP
Rotational Speed
rpm
Oil Capacity
quart
dBA
Noise Level @ 1 meter
Inlet/Exhaust Flange ISO-KF
Weight; pump&motor
lbs.
Performance
Curves
KVAC-5 KVAC-10 KVAC-15 KVAC-21 KVAC-33 KVAC-63
cfm
torr
COMPARISON BETWEEN OIL SEALED ROTARY VANE PUMP AND OIL SEALED ROTARY PISTON PUMP.
Oil Sealed Rotary Vane Pump
1 The Principle mechanism is rotor fitted inside the stator eccentrically with
rotor fitted with spring operated vanes. The design is having limitations on the
Peripheral size of rotor, stator and vanes. Too large size of the same,the
displacement of gases having limitations for gas travel length from suction port
to discharge port. Suction port size is having limitation.
Oil Sealed Rotary Piston Pump

1. The principle mechanism is one piece piston and slide. The drive shaft is
concentric with the stator & carries an eccentric cam which dives the hollow
piston. i.e. the large size of circular stator, piston moving inside the stator
eccentrically. Easy movement of gases at suction and discharge port with
shortest gas travel length.
2. The vacuum pump body (stator) is immersed in the oil. The oil medium is for
lubrication and sealing fills the dead space and any gaps in the pump body
(stator) and adds to the cooling of the pump by conducting the compression
heat.
The oil lubrication ports have been provided on the body through which oil is
sucked inside the rotor for oil film formation to separate suction and discharge
port and to provide lubrication for vanes. The volume inside the rotor and stator
is getting flooded with oil when the pump is in off state . Since it is oil immersed
and oil used for lubrication and sealing from inside the pumping mechanism Oil
contamination occurs.
2. A continuous flow of oil is maintained from the reservoir into the pump
mechanism via the shaft bearing .This ensures full-film lubrication and sealing of
the cam and slide faces, and provides a generous wedge of oil which is pushed
ahead of the advancing piston to prevent compressed gas leaking back into the
induction chamber. The gas/oil mixture ejected via the exhaust values passes
through a separate in the exhaust chamber .The oil returns to the reservoir for
continued recirculation. A solenoid valve operates to prevent oil flow when the
pump is not running.
In case of the triplex design KT series pumps, gear pump at the non drive end
provides forced feed lubrication.
3. The vanes are spring operated and of metallic or resin bonded asbestos. The 3.The piston and cam type metallic rotating parts having more strength and can
wear and tear of the same and body (stator) will be more in case of abrasive handle very easily abrasive particles no wear and tear of pump body and piston.
particles entering into the pump.
4. Best ultimate vacuum for single stage pump is
5 X 10 2
4. Excellent vacuum performance

Best ultimate vacuum for single stage mechanical pump is 5X10 -3
5.Degradation in performance is possible because of vapors getting condensed 5. No Critical clearances

inside the pump . Low vapor handling capability due to vane type of pump
No degradation of performance
mechanism, resistance to dust and abrasive particles is less and vanes getting
High tolerance of contaminants
jammed inside the rotor due to sluge ,dust and abrasive particles .
(Vapor handling capacity is more
because of pump design)
Excellent resistance to wear and tear
Oil Sealed Rotary Vane Pump

6.Because of spring operated rotating vanes
frictional heat generated is high resulting in
High oil temperature, pump wear and tear etc.,
hence less pump life.
Oil Sealed Rotary Piston Pump

6. Simple Strong ,slow-running
Inherent reliability
Long working life
Low pump wear
Long oil life
7. Frequent change of oil as the pump is double 7. Long oil change intervals because of
stage having less vapor handling tolerance.
high vapour handling tolerance as the pump is
single stage.
8. Less efficient gas ballast facility as it is two 8. Efficient gas ballast facility as it is single stage
stage pump with high pressure differential.
pump with less pressure differential.
9. Oil requirement is high as it is oil immersed 9. Since it is a oil lubricate pump oil requirement
pump.
is less.
10.External anti suck back devise, operational 10. Solenoid valve operates to prevent oil flow
failures occurs frequently.
when the pump is not running.
Vacuum Boosters
Premium quality, durability
and reliability
Gear sizes from 3.25 to 12, vacuum levels as
low as 1 micron (10-3 mmHg abs.), noise less than
82 dB(A).
Multiple options in material of construction, seals, etc.
3-4 week lead time.
TVBS Mechanical Boosters
MKB/MKBB
series
KMBD series
TVBS
M-D Vacuum Boosters
KMBD series
Cooling coils or water cooled end plates
Direct or belt driven
C Flanged up to 9000 series
Vertical or Horizontal
Labyrinth or mechanical sealed (rated to ~7barG)
Design pressure 10barG
Special materials available (nickel, zinc, armaloy)
Metric or Imperial
Capacities up to 22,000 m3/h
Air cooled
C Flanged mounted
Vertical Flow
ANSI flanges
Labyrinth / lip seals
Vibration free
Quiet running
Simple gear locking method
Capacities up to 10000 m/hr
Booster With Integral Bypass Valve
M-D Vacuum Boosters
Cast iron housings / ductile iron rotors & rotary shafts
Air cooled or Water cooled (cooling coils)
C Flanged mounted
Vertical or Horizontal
Mechanical or non contacting slinger seals

(rated to ~7barG)
Design pressure ~7barG
ANSI or metric flanges
Capacities up to 22,000 m3/h
Less than 82 db
Bi-directional
Where are vacuum boosters

used?
Vacuum companies who manufacture

vacuum pumps
Used to increase capacity and vacuum
level of vacuum pumps
All types of vacuum pump performance
can be increased
OEMs using vacuum pumps in their systems
Mechanical Booster Pump Operation

Suction
Suction
Gas
Quarter
Revolution
Lobe
Half
Revolution
Booster
Body
Compressed
gas
3 Quarter
Revolution
1 Full Revolution
Sectional Drawing
TVBS Mechanical Booster Vacuum Pump

Features & Materials
Vertical or horizontal configuration.
Purge ports
Flanged connections (ANSI / PN /
Optional water cooled end plates
Casing - Cast Iron or Stainless

steel
Shaft Carbon steel or Stainless

steel
Various coatings available
Seals Lip, Labyrinth or

mechanical
ISO)
Air or water cooled.
Belt, direct or C flanged driven.
Variable speed option
Foot mounted units.
No metal to metal contact.
High durability.
Booster Pump Features

1.Very High volumetric Efficiency in the low pressure range savings in time & power
2.Booster pump operates without sealing oil.
3.Four different configurations of booster pumps, meets all application requirement
4.Extensive selection of the backing pumps- steam, Ejector watering, oil sealed & dry
5.Boosters are precision-machined to close tolerances. Rotors are statically &
dynamically
balanced.
Booster Configurations
1.Standard Boosters (92 series) Cooling water is required only to cool the carbon-face
mechanical seal on the drive shaft. The rotor shafts have slinger seals on both ends &
the oil reservoirs are under vacuum. Since there are no internal mechanical seals to
fail, the standard Kinney boosters provide a very high level of reliability.
2.Air Cooled Boosters (SKJV) It is fitted with twin drive shaft lip seals with oil sealing
in between(Oil cup provided). Internal piston ring labyrinth seals, O ring sealing of
head plates, end covers, seal housing, connection flanges.
3.Water cooled Boosters (90 series) Carbon face mechanical seals are used on both
ends of the rotor shafts & on the drive shaft. The oil reservoirs are vented to
atmosphere & the oils is cooled by coils inside each reservoir through which cooling
water is circulated. The drive shaft seal is also water cooled. Boosters with mechanical
seals throughout are recommended for
1.Where process gas affects the lubricating oil
2.oil-water cooled rotor boosters
Mechanical Booster Pump

Operation
Starting Mechanical Booster Pumps at atmospheric
Pressure
To prevent overloading and/or overheating, mechanical boosters can not normally be
started at atmospheric pressure. It is common to use pressure switch to start the
mechanical booster once the system pressure is reduced by the primary vacuum pump.
For reduced evacuation time, it is often desirable to start the booster at atmospheric
pressure. In order to avoid overload, a device is required to prevent excessive pressure
differential across the mechanical booster.The following are available
Frequency Converter
Compatible with the complete range of Tuthill mechanical booster , the frequency
converter electronically controls the booster speed via drive motor. Mechanical
booster speed increases as the inlet pressure decreases. A constant pressure
differential is maintained across the booster by limiting the motor current. This
form of control gives the booster a high level of protection, with maximum
flexibility. Evacuation time and booster capacity can be optimized, whilst there is
also potential for process pressure control.
Overpressure By pass
An integral mounted pressure relief valve which opens with excessive pressure
differentials
is fitted as standard on the MKBB & KMBD(400,720 1600C) by pass booster units.
Mechanical Booster Pump started at Atmospheric

Pressure
on Sizing of
Mechanical
When Notes
sizing mechanical
booster
system, Boosters
the following
Suction Pressure
-P1
terminology
id used
Discharge Pressure
-P2
Actual Suction Capacity
-S1
Actual Backing Pump Capacity
-S2
Theoretical Booster Displacement
-D
Actual Compression Ratio CR
-P2/P1
Staging Ratio, SR
-D/S2
Volumetric Efficiency, E
-S1/D
Staging ratio is equivalent to the theoretical compression
ratio across the
booster. In practice, pressure differential across the unit causes varying
capacity losses resulting in an actual compression ratio less than the
theoretical valve.
So CR=SR x E, where E- Volumetric Efficiency.
The actual suction capacity of a mechanical booster combination can be
related to the zero flow compression ratio(K0), which is the compression
ratio generated by the booster against varying pressure whilst suction flow
is zero. The following is a typical K0 curve for a Booster of capacity 1720
m/hr plotted against discharge pressure for air.
Typical K0 Curve for a Booster of capacity 1720 m/hr against

Discharge Pressure
8
0
6
0
4
K0 0
2
0
0
4
10
1 30
10
110
P2 (mbar)
10
10
0
Actual suction capacity can be calculated from the basic

expression
CR = SR x
K0
Where Ko =E
SR + Ko
SR + Ko
Example
Consider a Booster of capacity 1720 m/hr displacement ,D, backed

by a pump having a capacity S2, of 250m/hr at 10 mbar.
Calculate the resulting suction capacity and pressure,
Staging ratio SR = D = 1720

S2
250
= 6.88
Ko at 10 mbar from above curve = 45
So actual compression ratio, CR = 6.88 x
45
= 5.96
6.88+45
And E = 45 =0.86
51.88
Operating Pressure P1 = P2 = 10 = 1.7mbar
CR
5.96
and capacity S1 = D x E = 1720x0.86 = 1480 m3/hr
The booster has amplified the backing capacity to give 1480 m 3/hr at 1.7
mbar
This is a basic example the effect of mechanical booster . Calculation is more
complex when the backing pump size is unknown, for example when only a
suction duty is specified-especially if the backing pump has varying capacity
curve.
Optimum staging ratios may vary from 2 : 1 to 50 : 1 depending up on
operating pressure, gas temperature, gas composition, efficiency required etc.
Calculation Of Vacuum Booster Shaft Horse Power

Cut-in- Pressure(CIP) Formula
BHP=FHP+GHP
FHP= Is the frictional HP
GHP= Is Gas HP(Work done on Gas)
Actual FHP= FHP Coefficient x Actual RPM
1000
Refer FHP coefficient from M-D Pneumatic Technical Bulletin #7
GHP=0.00436D1 [ ( S1/ S2)P1 - P1 ]
( S1/ S2) = Staging Ratio , S1 = 1st Stage booster CFM , S2 = Backing pump CFM
D1 = Booster displacement in CFM , P1 = Cut in-Pressure (psia) , 1psia = 51.71 Torr
Example
For KMB D1600/KT -300 with CIP =15 Torr
BHP=FHP+GHP
Actual FHP= FHP Coefficient x Actual RPM
1000
= 1.00( Tech .Bulletin #7) x 3600 = 3.6
1000
GHP=0.00436D1 [ ( S1/ S2)P1 - P2 ]
= 0.00436 x 1584 cfm ( Tech. Bulletin #7) [ (1250cfm)/(260cfm)(15 torr) 15
Torr ] / 51.71 = 7.6HP
BHP=FHP+GHP = 3.6 + 7.6 = 11.2 HP
our standard 10 HP TEFC motor with 1.15 service factor allows up to 11.5 HP startup.
Larger boosters with high inertia loads may require a larger size motor for accelerating
the blower rotors up to speed than from the above calculated BHP at startup.
Limits Of Booster Operation

Mechanical booster operation is limited by two major factors
1. Booster absorbed power
2. Booster operating temperature
Absorbed power
This is basically proportional to the pressure differential across the
booster. It is usually at maximum when the unit is initially
started and will then fall as the suction pressure and hence
pressure differential decreases.
Operation at pressures below 1 mbar will reduce the power
absorbed virtually to that determined by the frictional
characteristics of the unit.
Tuthill boosters have motor ratings suitable for a maximum
pressure differential of 50mbar subject to size & speed.If a
higher pressure differential is necessary then use of a larger
motor can be considered.
It should be noted that operation at very high differential pressures
is not possible. If operation at rough vacuum is necessary then
some form of pressure differential limiting device must be used.
Absorbed power can be estimated from the formula
Absorbed KW = D(P2-P1)
30000
Where D- Booster displacement m/hr
P2-P1- Pressure differential across booster(mbar)
Operating Temperature
Compression across the booster causes an increase in temperature of the pumped gas
which results in heating of the booster. Under vacuum conditions, whilst the pump casing
can dissipate heat to the surrounding atmosphere, the impellers are unable to do so. When
the thermal load becomes excessive, the deferential expansion results in the impeller
contacting the casing .
Actual temperature rise across the booster is determined by:
Inlet gas temperature
Operating pressure
Compression ratio
Charecristics of pumped gases
Machine size- a smaller machine with a relatively high surface area/volume ratio, would
have better dissipation characteristics.
Methods of Operation
To limit power requirement and prevent excessive booster temperatures, various methods
of control are available.
1. The commonest method is to start the booster at low pressures , typically 10-100
mbar, by pressure switch. Initial system evacuation by the backing pump can be done
through the non-driven booster the impeller will rotate due to gas flow, hence flow
resistance is generally low.
2. Reduce the staging ratio, normally by using a larger backing pump. At the extreme
(and usually only feasible on relatively low capacity application), it is possible to use a
1:1staging ratio. In this case, the booster will not increase capacity of if operated at
rough vacuum,how ever it will extend the low pressure performance of the backing
pump. Eg.enabling a single stage oil sealed pump to give two stage performance.
3. Where a fast evacuation time or simplified operation is required then it

may be necessary to operate the booster from atmospheric pressure in
conjunction with the backing pump. To prevent overloading the booster, it is
necessary to incorporate some form of control to limit pressure across unit:
this can be achieved in two ways:
1. Pressure relief valve
2. Speed control of the booster.
Method 1. is commonly achieved with an overpressure by-pass valve
mounted either integrally in the booster or in external pipe work. This
valve will automatically open if pressure differential across the booster
exceeds typically 45 mbar. Excess gas will then be vented back to the
suction of the booster.
Method 2. can be achieved using either a magnetic coupling, variable
frequency drive, or fluid coupling device. These systems can be set to run
the booster at varying speed, depending up on the load on the booster.
Typically constant torque transmission mode would be used.
In practice booster would run slowly when started at atmospheric pressure
and only reach full speed at low pressures- capacity at rough vacuum
would be relatively low.
In some cases, it is possible to use process inputs of pressure, time,
temperature etc. to operate the speed control device and hence vary
suction capacity.
4. In case where suction gas temperature is high, it may be feasible to use an inlet gas
cooler, to enable the use of a higher compression ratio .
Notes Concerning
Boosters.
Installation/
Operation
of
Mechanical
a. Suction pipe bore should normally be equivalent to the booster suction size. Where
very low operating pressure and/or relatively long pipe runs are involved then it
may be necessary to increase the pipe bore to reduce the losses.
b. Booster discharge bore can usually matched to the backing pump connection size.
c. Normally it is preferable to mount the booster in vertical flow direction- this gives a
self draining capability preventing retention of condensed vapours or particles in
the unit. A horizontal flow unit may be used for a clean, dry application where a
compact layout is necessary.
d. Whilst booster can tolerate very small particulate matter, where larger partials or
liquid droplets are present then appropriate traps and filers should be incorporated.
On new installation where there is possibilities of pipe debris entering the booster, a
temporary, simple screen filter should be fitted.
e. In case where condensed vapour could cause damage after shut down it is
recommended that dry air or nitrogen is admitted to flush the booster before
switching off.
f. If is normally preferable to direct drive all units with flange mounted motor. Belt drive
should only be used where necessary to satisfy installation requirements or to give
a specific operating speed. Motor rating should not be increased if using belt drive.
g. If using a booster with pressure switch to start, note that the recommended cut-in
pressure is normally based on power conditions. Maximum recommended operating
pressure , which is based on temperature considerations, may be considerably less
than cut-in pressure.
also note that in the case of certain backing pumps that cannot operate at low
pressures (i.e water sealed two stage liquid ring pump) there may be a
minimum recommended operating pressure. Operation below this pressure
would give excessive booster temperatures due to fall in backing pump
capacity.
h. The use of flexible bellows at the suction and discharge connections of the
booster is good practice and simplifies installation.
Accessories
The following may be fitted for specific application
1. Pressure switch- recommended to automatically start the booster at a preselected pressure in order to prevent motor overload. Pressure rise above
the set pressure will stop the booster.
2. Temperature switch- mounted in the booster discharge gas stream and
arranged to stop the unit or signal alarm if the temperature becomes
excessive.
3. Suction filters/ traps- suggested to prevent particals entering the booster.
Different types are available depending upon the amount/size of particals
and operating pressure, varying from a simple mesh to a high capacity
dust filter. Care should be taken to ensure that the filter pressure drop is
not excessive this is especially important when using fine filters at very
low absolute pressures
Pumping Capacity
Actual compression ratio and volumetric efficiency are calculated from
the "zero flow compression ratio" (Ko)
CR = SR x Ko
SR + Ko
where:
SR = Staging ratio (theoretical compression ratio)
= Booster displacement (D)
Backing pump capacity (S2)
CR = Actual compression ratio (.P2)
(P1)
Ko is taken from relevant booster Curve at discharge pressure,P2
CR = Volumetric efficiency, E.
SR
S1= Actual booster capacity = Dx E
Curve is plotted of S1 against P1
Booster Power Calculation
Absorbed power: kW = Dx Dp + F
360000
where
D = booster displacement m3/hr
Dp = pressure difference (P2- P1)across booster, mbar
F = friction power, kW (Refer Chart)
Evacuation Time
t = V In Pa x 60
S
Pb
where
t = evacuation time (minutes) between initial pressure Pa and final
pressure, Pb
v = system volume (m3)
S = average pumping capacity (m3/hr)between Pa and Pb
Time t 1,t2, etc is calculated for different pressure ranges
Adding t 1 ,t2, etc gives total time to reach final required pressure.
Add 10% if calculating time of a forepump pumping through a booster.
If a frequency converter is fitted, then, until booster reaches full speed,
the evacuation time can be calculated as follows:
t = V in (Pa+ PD) x 60
S2 (Pb+ PD)
Where:
S2 = actual capacity of backing pump.
Pb= pressure at which booster reaches full speed (this occurs when PD
just falls
below normal setting).
PD = maximum pressure difference determined by frequency converter
(normally 50 mbar).
Booster Temperature Rise

A maximum allowable continuous gas temperature rise is establishedto
prevent seizure from excessive differential expansion between theimpellers
and casing. The maximum rise allowed is typically 100c,based on a
maximum inlet temperature of 40c.The
differential expansion occurs because both the casing and impellers
significant
amounts of the heat of compression, but the impeller is partially insulated by
the vacuum and expands at a greater rate than the casing. Gas temperature
rise can be calculated as
T2 - T1 = (k - 1) x T1 x (r - 1) x F
K
E
T2 :ok(Kelvin) discharge temperature
T1 :oK (Kelvin) inlet temperature
R :P2/P1
K :Cp/Cv= 1.4for air
F: temperature rise factor
The temperature rise factor, F, is obtained empirically and accounts for heat
loss by radiation and convection.
When inlet temperature is above 40c, the maximum allowable temperature
rise, Ta,must be derated as : Ta corrected = Ta - O.66(Tin- 40c)
Because thermal expansion is time dependent, in pumpdown situations it
might be possible to exceed the maximum allowable temperature rise
provided that the time from booster start pressure to the safe operating
pressure does not exceed the maximum allowed
Pumping Speed of Freqency Converter Equipped Boosters

Frequency converters maintain a nominally constant Dp across the booster typically 50 mbar. This can be adjusted by changing the current limit setting
in the Frequency
Converter.
P1 S1 = P2S2 where P2 = P1 + Dp
S0 inlet pumping speed is S1 = P1 + 50 x S2
P1
At atmospheric pressure S1 = 1013 + 50 x S2 = 1.066 X 82
1013
At P1= 200 mbar S1 = 200 + 50 x S2 = 1.25 X S2
200
This formula is valid until the booster reaches full rotation speed which is
typically in the range 5 to 20 mbar depending on staging ratio /current limit.
For rough calculation we can assume the booster reaches full rotation speed
at 10 mbar
then S1 = 10 + 50 x 82 = 6 X 82
10
Below this pressure, pumping speed is calculated as normal.Evacuation time
during the period that the booster is running below full rotation speed is
given by
T = V In (Pa + DP) x 60
S2
(Pb+ Dp)
Where ,V = volume to be evacuated
S2 = nominal pumping speed of the backing pump (m3/h)
Example
Booster of 2580 m3/hr @ 2950 rpm. Max. Dp 75 mbar, with 450m3/hr
nominal capacity
SR = 2580 = 5.73
450
Check Ko from curve at 100 mbar discharge pressure = 15
CR = 5.73 x 15 = 4.15
5.73 + 15
E = 4.15 = 0.72
5.73
Capacity 2580 x 0.72 = 1868 m3/hr
Inlet pressure, P1 = P2 X 450 = 24 mbar
1868
Differential pressure Dp = 100 - 24 = 76 mbar
This is the maximum allowed Dp for the booster due to limits in the
mechanical.design.
Power is calculated as follows:
kW= 2580 x 76 +0.75 = 1.3kW
360000
Although this is.well below the maximum for the standard 7.5 kW motor, we
must also take in to account temperature rise through the booster. Also the'
maximum allowed discharge temperature
TVBS
Tuthill Vacuum and Blowers Systems
India Dealers Training Programme
29-31st August 2007
Venue: Hotel Tunga International,
Mumbai
Organized By: M/s Economy Refrigeration Ltd. TVBS India
Distributor
Tuthill Corporation India Lison Office
Condenser-Rotary Piston Combination Vacuum

Pumping Unit
Condenser-Oil Sealed Rotary Vane Pump Vacuum Pumping

Unit
Condenser-Rotary Piston/ Vane Combination Vacuum

Pumping Unit
Rotary Vane/Piston Vacuum Pump
Model No
Rotary Vane Vacuum Pump
Displacement in M3/Hr
Pumping Capacity @ 1-0.1 torr in
M3/hr
Ultimate Pressure in Torr
KDH
KDH150/
KDH130/
130/KT
KT150 KT 300 2xKT300
KT150
150
30-36
60
120-150
230
230
280
450-600
1200
140
280
575
650
900
1100
2200
5800
1.00E-03 1.00E-03 1.00E-02 1.00E-02 1.00E-02 1.00E-02 1.00E-02 1.00E-02
Rotary Vane Pump Motor in HP
7.5
15
2x15
Suction Connection in inches
1.5"
2"
3"
3"
3"
3"
4"
6"
--
--
--
3/4
3/4
3/4
2x6
Rotary Vane/Piston Pump

IsolationValve & line Size
1.5
Vapour Condenser Size M2
0.5
Water Required For Ratory Vane/

Piston Vacuum Pump in Lit/min
Dimensions LxBxH in mm
Approximate Weight in Kgs
Closed Ring Liquid Recirculation System
Liquid Ring Vacuum Pump Systems

Combinations

Combinations

Combinations

Combinations
Mechanical Booster Vacuum Pumping

Due to having a relatively low compression ratio capability,
System
a mechanical booster must be backed by a vacuum pump
designed to discharge to atmospheric pressure. The
following pumps are commonly used,
1. Rotary vane vacuum pump
2. Rotary piston vacuum pump
3. Liquid ring vacuum pump
4. Dry screw vacuum pump
5. Stem Jet Ejectors
Backing Pump Selection: Is determined by the process
application
1.Operating capacity/pressure
2.Nature of Gases/Vapours Condensable, Corrosive ,
Particulates
3.Initial Evacuation Time
Combination
The Mechanical Booster Pump Can be Combined As

Below
Types of Vacuum Systems
Name of System
Operating Range
1. System ejector watering I stage: Water ring 760-30 mm of
Hg
Combination
II stage: 1st ejector 30 mm-10 mm

III stage: 2nd ejector 10 mm-1 mm
Types Of Vacuum System

2. Mechanical Booster Systems
Operating Range
(from Atm to )
Booster /2 stage liquid ring pump
10 mm of Hg
Booster / Air ejector/liquid ring pump
2 mm of Hg
Booster/liquid ring pump
1 mm of Hg
Booster/Booster/Air ejector /liquid ring pump 0.2 mm of
Hg
Booster/Single stage oil sealed pump
0.001 mm of Hg
Booster/Booster/ Single stage oil sealed pump 0.001 mm of
Hg
Booster/Two Stage oil sealed pump
0.001 mm of Hg
Booster/Oil lubricated rotary-vane pump
0.1 mm of
Hg
Booster/Various dry mechanism-vacuum pumps 0.01 mm
of Hg
Booster-Rotary piston Combination Vacuum

Pumping Unit
Mechanical Booster-Oil sealed Rotary Vane Combination Vacuum Pumping Unit
Booster-Condenser-Rotary Piston Combination Vacuum

Pumping Unit
Booster Condenser Rotary Vane Combination Vacuum

Pumping Unit
KMBD
200
KMBD
200
KMBD
400
KMBD
400
Rotary Vane Vacuum Pump Model No KTC 21 KD 30
KD 50
KD 50
KDH 80 KTC 112 KDH 80 KT 150
Booster Pump Model No
KMBD
200
KMBD
400
KMBD
540
KMBD
540
KMBD
540
KMBD
850
KMBD
850
KTC
KTC 112 KT 150
112
Booster Pump displacement M3/Hr
340
340
340
680
680
680
918
918
918
1445
1445

Displacement M3/Hr
35.7
51
85
85
136
190
136
255
190
255
190
Booster Cut In Pressure mbar
33
40
53
53
66
99
33
40
33
20
20
Pumping Capacity @ 1-0.1 torr
26
32.5
39
26
45.5
52
7.8
19.5
13
6.5
3.64
6.66E05
2.00E04
2.00E04
2.00E04
2.00E04
5.00E04
7.5
7.5
Rotary Vane Pump Motor HP
1.5
1.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
Suction Connection inches
4"
4"
4"
4"
4"
4"
4"
4"
4"
6"
6"
Water Required for Booster Pump

Lit/Hr
54.5
54.5
54.5
54.5
54.5
54.5
68
68
68
109
109
Booster By Pass Valve & line Size
1.5
1.5
1.5
Vapour Condenser M2
0.5
204.5
409
204.5
272.7
409
272.7
409
Oil Required For Booster Pump lts
1.89
1.89
1.89
1.89
1.89
1.89
2.8
2.8
2.8
3.78
3.78
Oil Required For Vacuum Pump lts
1.89
3.78
11.3
11.3
17
15.14
17
17
15.14
17
15.14
Ultimate Pressure Torr

Booster Pump Motor Power HP
Water Required For Ratory Vane

Vacuum Pump Lit/Hr
Approximate Weight Kgs
2.00E2.00E- 5.00E2.00E-04 5.00E-04

04
04
04
1170x1 1170x1 1170x1 1170x1 1170x1 1258x1 1170x9

1270x1
1270x11 1270x11
1270x9
146x86 073x86 073x86 073x86 245x96 346x71 90x109
379x96
18x1042 70x1042
66x966
4
4
4
4
0
2
2
6
400
450
500
500
600
650
700
750
800
850
900
Booster Pump Model No

Rotary Vane/Piston Vacuum Pump Model
No
Booster Pump displacement in M3/Hr
Displacement in M3/Hr
Booster Cut In Pressure in mbar
Pumping Capacity @ 1-0.1 torr in M3/hr
Ultimate Pressure in Torr
MKB 210 MKB 400 MKB 890 MKB 890
MKB
1680
MKB
1680
KDH150/
KDH130/
KT150
KT150
MKB
3370
MKB 8200
KT 300
2xKT300
KDH
130/KT
150
180
330
740
740
1400
1400
2800
6830
30-36
60
120-150
230
230
280
450-600
1200
50
50
40
50
40
50
40
27
140
280
575
650
900
1100
2200
5800
1.00E-03 1.00E-03 1.00E-03 1.00E-03 1.00E-03 1.00E-03 1.00E-03 1.00E-03
Booster Pump Motor Power in HP
5.5
5.5
7.5
15
Rotary Vane Pump Motor in HP
7.5
15
2x15
Suction Connection in inches
2"
2"
4"
4"
6"
6"
6"
12"
Water Required For Rotary Vane/ Piston

Vacuum Pump in Lit/min
--
--
--
3/4
3/4
3/4
2x6
Booster By Pass Valve & line Size
1.5
Vapour Condenser Size M2
0.5
Approximate Weight in Kgs
636x267 736x320
x251
x251
Features Of Mechanical Booster-Oil sealed

Rotary Vane/Piston Combination Vacuum
Pumping unit
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
.
.
.
Very Fast Pump down

High pumping speed over a wide pressure range
Low ultimate pressure capability of 0.2 micron
Compact, simple assembly. Minimum floor area required
By Pass valve option for achieving faster rough vacuum
Inter stage vapour condenser option for
Preventing Rotary Pump Oil contamination
Better pumping efficiency of Booster & Rotary Pump
Booster pump can be started at higher inlet pressure
Booster-Liquid Ring Combination Vacuum

Pumping Unit
Booster-Condenser-Liquid Ring Combination Vacuum

Pumping Unit
Multistage Boosters-Liquid Ring Combination Vacuum Pumping

Unit

Combinations

Combinations

Combinations

Combinations
Advantages of Booster/Liquid
Ring Combination
1. High pumping capacity at low pressure.
2. Handles large amounts of condensable and volatile
3.
4.
5.
6.
gases.
Solvent recovery and environment friendly.
Low pressure up to 0.1 torr are achievable in normal
operating conditions.
Capacities available from 200 m/hr to 6000 m/hr
Cost Advantages
1.
2.
The choice of smaller backing pumps

At low pressures booster requires only a fraction as rated
motor power.
Liquid Ring-Mechanical Booster Combination
Liquid Ring-Ejector-Mechanical Booster Combination
Booster-Dry Screw Combination Vacuum Pumping

Unit
Booster-Condenser-Dry Screw Combination Vacuum Pumping

Unit
For dry pump packages, your choice

should be
crystal clear.
Kinney Dry Pump Vacuum Systems

are ideally suited for industrial
heat treating applications. They combine high pumping speed with
deep vacuum levels, and operate free of oil, water and other sealing
liquids. Flows range to 10,000 CFM (17,000m3/h) with vacuum levels
to 10 microns and below.
Complete engineered solutions are available and may include any
combination of Kinney KDP or SDV dry vacuum pumps, vacuum
boosters,
electric motors, direct or V-belt drive, coolant recirculation systems,
instrumentation, controls, skid piping, and valves
Kinney Dry Pump Solutions Technology

Transfer
MB1200 / KDP-400 Dry Vacuum Pumping System
Kinney Dry Pump Solutions Technology Transfer
MB720 / KDP-150 Dry Vacuum Pumping System
KMBD4000 / KMBD2000 / KDP330
Dry Vacuum System
KMBD 2000 / KDP800 Dry Pump Vacuum System

China National Petroleum
PTMEG Application
KMBD 3000 / KDP800

Dry Vacuum System
Mechanical Booster-Dry Screw Combination

Vacuum Pumping Unit
Booster Pump Model
3210
4009
4012
5511
5518
7026
9036
Backing pump Model
SDV 120
SDV 200
SDV 320
SDV 430
SDV 800
SDV 1500
SDV 2700
CFM/
m/Hr
680
918
1224
2040
3400
7820
12410
m/Hr
120
180
320
430
750
1500
2700
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.01
0.01
m/Hr
510
680
1020
1550
2600
5500
8500
Torr
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.1
0.1
Discharge Temp
( C)
<110
<120
<155
<175
<235
<250
<260
Rotation Speed
50 Hz
2900
2900
2900
2900
2900
1450
1450
Dry Pump Motor
HP
10
15
20
50
75
Power Consumption 50 Hz
HP
4.8
11
22
47.39
In. / mm
1.5/40
1.5/40
2/50
2.5/65
4/100
5/125
6/150
In. / mm
1.5/40
1.5/40
1.5/40
2/50
2.5/65
3/80
4/100
Cooling Water
GPM /
LPM
0.5/0.2
1.1/4.0
2.1/8
2.8/11
5.3/20
7.4/28
9.5/36
Noise Level
Db (A)
72
72
80
80
85
85
90
2310/105
0
2970/135
0
Booster Pump Capacity

Dry Vacuum Pump Capacity
Ultimate Vacuum Of
Pumping unit
pumping unit Capacity at
0.1Torr
Ultimate Pressure Dry
Pump
Suction Flange (ANSI 150#

FF)
Discharge Flange (ANSI
150# FF)
Torr
Capacity Test Of Vacuum Pump

Free air displacement (FAD) measured according to standard B.S.
1571 Part II
Pump Model
Pump No
Electric Motor No
T1 Atmospheric Temperature in C at air intake
T2 Nozzle(Pipe) temperature in C
H Observed head in mm of water, across the nozzle
P Barometric Pressure in mm of Hg
H Observed head in mm of water, down stream side
A Ammeter Reading
V Voltage Reading
FAD
T1+2
K x 73 x
P
)
H xP-(h/13.6
T2+2
73
Vacuum Pumps Capacity Testing Setup
Tabular Readings
Date
Time
Nozzle Size (mm)
Constant (K)
Vacuum in mm of Hg
V
A
H
H
P
T1
T2
RPM
Water Discharge in
lpm
FAD (lts/sec)
FAD (cfm)
Thank You

Vacuum Presentation

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TVBS

Tuthill Vacuum and Blowers Systems

FACILITY AND CAPABILITY

Other Tuthill Vacuum & Blower facilities includes:

Vacuum Pumps Range

Liquid Ring Pump, Jet Pump & Gas Pump

Screw type Dry vacuum pump

BAROMETRIC PRESSURE = The Pressure of the

Any Pressure Above Atmospheric

Vapor pressure of the oil used

Leak tightness of the pump.

Air leak rate of the vessel

Vapor released from the walls of the vessel

Cleanliness of the vessel.

For measuring rough vacuum:

Bourdon type dial gauge

Total pressure gauge (electronic type)

Ion gauge (cold cathode, hot cathode)

Generally, the dial gauges are classified in to two types.

Pressure Conversion Table

Barometric reading at Different Altitudes

Vapour Pressure of Water

It measures pressure by measuring electrical resistance. The

Pump Sizing & selection

S--effective pumping speed of the pump (m/hr)

Air leakage /Vapour load kg/hr

t= temperature at pump suction

Average Molecular Weight Calculation

Average Molecular Weight = M1X1 + M2 X2

Air Equivalent Molecular Weight

Leak Rate Calculation

mm of Hg lit/sec = 0.0057 kg/hr. air at 20 C

KLRC Liquid Ring

KLRC Liquid Ring

KLRC Liquid Ring

KLRC Liquid Ring

KLRC Liquid Ring

Direct contact Condenser

KLRC Liquid Ring

The Operating Pressure

KLRC Liquid Ring

Operating pressure is affected by sealant temperature,

KLRC Liquid Ring

KLRC Liquid Ring

Sealant Flow Control

KLRC Liquid Ring

KLRC Liquid Ring

KLRC Liquid Ring

KLRC Liquid Ring

KLRC Liquid Ring

KLRC Liquid Ring

KLRC Partial Sealant

KLRC Liquid Ring

KLRC Full Sealant

KLRC Liquid Ring

KLRC Liquid Ring

KLRC Liquid Ring

KLRC Liquid Ring

KLRC Liquid Ring Pump

Recirculation Benefits &

2. Vertically Mounted Heat Exchanger

3. Large capacity Storage Tank

4. Short, Uninterrupted Seal Liquid Path From

KLRC Liquid ring Pump