WELCOME TO THE PRESENTATION ON

33KV DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

COMPARISON OF 2 CABLE & 4 CABLE 33 KV SYSTEM

Design Criteria

Sl.no

Design Criteria

Mixing of TSS & ASS load not acceptable

Auxiliary power should always be available

Minimum interruption for cable faults

Minimum interruption for Bus faults

Consider all the worst possible contingencies

Fault segregation should be easy and fault identifiable

System should be highly reliable

The solution should be economical

2

DPR Scheme 2
Cable

GC Review Alternate
1

GC Review 4 Cable

GC Review Alternate
2

33 kV Ring For TSS

Breaker

R
S
S

Station
1

Station
3

Station
5

Station
7

Station
9

1) Power is fed through a closed ring at alternate stations.

2) Since feeds can be extended from adjacent section, there is no need to install multiple
transformer at stations. Redundancies are built up at transformers level through augmented
capacities.
3) In case of isolation of a section due to the fault, the feed is extended to healthy section
through closing of sectioning switches.

33 kV Ring For ASS

Load
break
switches
Breaker

R
S
S

1) Power is fed through an open ring.

2) Redundancies are built up at station level through two transformers fed from
different supplies as the feeds can not be extended from adjacent station.
3) In case of isolation of a section due to the fault, the ring is closed at the
ends and feed is extended to healthy section

GC Review Alternate 2
Negatives
1. The redundancy in
auxiliary power at
stations is lost.
2. Redundancy in
traction power lost.
3. Difficult Protection
Coordination
4. Difficult to operate in
UG stations

Positives :Two cables are required instead of four cables.

Clear segregation of ASS & TSS load.

33 KV CABLE SYSTEM
2-CABLE SYSTEM

ASS-1/TSS-1

ASS-2/TSS2

Bus-1

Bus-4
Bus-2

Tr-1

Tr-2

Bus-3

Tr-3

Tr-4

No FAULT CONDITION -- ALL BREAKERS ON, ALL TRANSFORMERS ON

33 KV CABLE SYSTEM
2-CABLE SYSTEM

1
Bus-1
Tr-1

TSS-2

TSS-1

Bus-2

Bus-3

Tr-2

Tr-3

8
Bus-4
Tr-4

No FAULT CONDITION -- ALL BREAKERS ON, ALL TRANSFORMERS ON

33 KV CABLE SYSTEM
2-CABLE SYSTEM
X

ASS-1

ASS-2

Fault at X
1
Bus-1

Bus-2

Bus-3

8
Bus-4

Tr-1
Tr-2

Tr-3

Tr-4

Fault

CB-ON

CB-OFF

Transformer

Fault at -X

2,4,5,6,7,8

1,3

All trs-on

33 KV CABLE SYSTEM
2-CABLE SYSTEM
ASS/TSS- 1

ASS/TSS-2

Fault at Y
1
Bus-1

Tr-1

2
Bus-2
Tr-2

Bus-3

Tr-3

8
Bus-4

Tr-4

Fault

CB-ON

CB-OFF

Transformer

Fault at -Y

1,3,6,8

2,4,5,7

All trs-on

10

33 KV CABLE SYSTEM
2-CABLE SYSTEM
ASS/TSS-1

ASS/TSS-2

Fault at Z

Bus-1

Bus-4
Bus-2

Bus-3
Tr-4

Tr-1
Tr-2

Tr-3

Fault

CB-ON

CB-OFF

Transformer

Fault at -Z

1,2,3,4,5,7

6,8

All trs-on

11

33 KV CABLE SYSTEM
2-CABLE SYSTEM
ASSTSS-2

ASS/TSS-1

Fault at bus-1

Bus-1

Bus-4
Bus-2

Bus-3
Tr-4

Tr-1
Tr-2

Tr-3

Fault

CB-ON

CB-OFF

Transformer

Fault at Bus-1

3,4,5,6,7,8

1,2

Tr-1-Off; Tr-2,3&4-On;

12

33 KV CABLE SYSTEM
2-CABLE SYSTEM
ASS/TSS-1

ASS/TSS-2

Fault at Bus-2

Bus-1

Bus-4
Bus-2

Bus-3

Tr-2

Tr-3

Tr-4

Tr-1

Fault

CB-ON

CB-OFF

Transformer

Fault at Bus-2

1,2,5,6,7,8

3,4

Tr-1,3&4-On; Tr-2-Off

13

COMPARISON OF 2 CABLE & 4 CABLE 33 KV SYSTEM

ASS & TSS
Sl.n
o

Parameter

4 cable system with load break switches, 2 buses

for ASS & one bus for TSS

2 cable system with 2+2 buses and

breakers

Remarks

Traction

Auxiliary

Traction

Auxiliary

In 2 cable system

Power feeding

Closed ring

Open ring

Open/close ring

Open/close ring

Mixing of
Auxiliary and
Traction load

Mixes in the depots- can

be overcome

Mixes in the depotscan be overcome

No mixing

No mixing

Auto
Segregation of
faulty cable
section

Possible

Not Possible entire

cable is affected

Possible

Possible

Redundancy in
traction power
for cable fault

Built-in, load not

affected- one
transformer available

Built-in, load not

affected- one
transformer available

Built-in, load not

affected- Both
transformers
available

Built-in, load not

affected- Both
transformers
available

Bus bar fault

Fully affected

Half the station

available

Half the station

available

Half the station

available

Operation in UG
ASS and TSS
station

6 nos. of 33 KV cables have to be laid

8 nos. of 33 KV cables have to be laid

No. of filters
required per TSS

2 nos, each of half the capacity

1 no. of full capacity

10

Number of 33 kV
breakers/Switch
es in ASS+TSS

Breakers 4 nos.
Switches - Nil

Breakers 4 nos.
Switches - Nil

11

Cost comparison

Rs. 122.2 crores

Breakers 2 nos.
Switches - 4 nos.

Rs. 104.92 crores

i) The Third rail

voltage may not
go below 500
Volts

ii) The Running

rail voltage may
not go beyond
120 Volts
May require
further simulation
studies

Breakers 4
nos.
Switches - Nil

14

COMPARISON OF 2 CABLE & 4 CABLE 33 KV SYSTEM

Sl.
no
1

Contingency

E-W Corridor with 2 Auxiliary

transformers and two Traction
transformers

N-W Corridor with 2 Auxiliary

transformers and one Traction
transformer

4 Cable system

2 Cable system

4 Cable system

2 Cable system

Traction
S/S

Auxiliary
S/S

Traction
S/S

Auxilia
ry S/S

Traction
S/S

Auxiliary
S/S

Traction
S/S

Auxiliary
S/S

2
Simultaneou
s faults on
the same
cable that
affects most

Half the
particula
r TSS
available
, others
not
affected

Half the
particular
TSS
available,
others not
affected

No
power
in the
entire
corridor

No
power
in the
entire
corrid
or

Alternat
e TSSs
are
affected
complet
ely

Half of
all the
stations
are
availabl
e

No
power
in the
entire
corridor

No
power
in the
entire
corridor

One
transformer
out of service
and a cable
fault occurs
in the other
cable

Half the
particula
r TSS
available
, others
not
affected

No power
in the
particular
ASS and
half the
stations in
The loop

Half the

Half
the
station
is
availa
ble,
others
not
affect
ed

No
power in
the
particula
r ASS,
others
not
affected

No
power in
the
particula
r ASS,
others
not
affected

No
power in
the
particula
r TSS,
others
not
affected

No
power in
the
particula
r ASS,
others
not
affected

particul
ar TSS
availabl
e,
others
not
affected

15

COMPARISON OF 2 CABLE & 4 CABLE 33 KV SYSTEM

Sl.
no
1

Contingency

E-W/N-S Corridor with 2 Auxiliary transformers and two

Traction transformers
4 Cable system

2 Cable system

Traction S/S

Auxiliary S/S

Traction S/S

Auxiliary S/S

Remarks

2
Simultaneou
s faults on
the same
cable at
extreme
ends that
affects most

Half the
particular
TSS
available,
others not
affected

Half the
particular TSS
available,
others not
affected

No power in
the entire
corridor

No power in
the entire
corridor

2 Simultaneous faults are

rare
One transformer out of
service and a cable fault
is quite likely. One ASS
going out completely is
not acceptable

One TSS
transformer
out of
service and
a cable fault
occurs in the
cable that
affects most

Half the
particular
TSS
available,
others not
affected

No power in
the particular
ASS and half
the other
stations in
The loop

Half the
particular
station
available,
others not
affected

Half the
particular
station
available,
others not
affected

As the faults of second

kind are possible, it is
better to adopt 2 cable
system with 2 Traction
transformers for N-S
corridor
.
16

COMPARISON OF 2 CABLE & 4 CABLE 33 KV SYSTEM

Sl.no Material
required

E-W Corridor

N-S Corridor

Sl.no Material
required

4 cable
system

2 cable
system

4 cable
system

2 cable
system

4 cable
system

2 cable
system

33KV
copper
cable(400/
300
sq.mm)

84 km

42 km

109 km

50 km

193
km

92
km

33 KV
switchgear

85

162

111

210

196

372

33 KV load
break
switch

68

92

158

17

THANK YOU

18