WELCOME

BASICS OF VIBRATION

VIBRATION
CHARACTERISTICS OF VIBRATION SIGNAL
AMPLITUDE
FREQUENCY
PHASE
ORBIT

TYPES OF VIBRATION PICK UP

PROXIMITY PROBE
VELOCITY PICK UP
ACCELEROMETER

CRITERIA FOR SELECTION OF VARIOUS

TYPES OF VIBRATION PICK UP
PROXIMITY PROBE
SHAFT VIBRATION MEASUREMENT
KEY PHASER MARKER
SHAFT CENTRE LINE POSITION
BEST SUITED FOR 1 TO 500 HZ
VELOCITY PICK UP
FOR BEARING AND STRUCTURAL VIBRATION
BEST SUITED FOR 10 TO 1000 HZ

CRITERIA FOR SELECTION OF VARIOUS

TYPES OF VIBRATION PICK UP
ACCELEROMETER
FOR HIGH FREQUENCY RANGE
BEST SUITED FOR 1000 HZ ONWARDS

UNITS OF VIBRATION
(A) DISPLACEMENT
MICRONS, PEAK TO PEAK
MICRONS, 0 TO PEAK
MICRONS, RMS
(B) VELOCITY
MM/SEC, 0 TO PEAK
MM/SEC, RMS
(C)ACCELERATION
M/SEC2, PEAK
M/SEC2, RMS
G, PEAK
G, RMS

UNITS OF VIBRATION

Average

RMS

0 - Peak

Peak - Peak

RMS
= 0.707 x (0-Peak)
Average
= 0.637 x (0-Peak)
Peak to Peak = 2 x (0-Peak)

SHAFT ORBIT

Proximity
Probes

INSTRUMENTS FOR VIBRATION

MEASUREMENT
VIBROMETER
VIBRATION ANALYSER
FFT ANALYSER

TIPS FOR MAKING VIBRATION DATA MORE

USEFUL FOR ANALYSIS
LOCATION OF VIBRATION PICK UPS TO BE INDICATED
LOCATION OF PHOTOCELL TO BE INDICATED
DIRECTION OF ROTATION SHOULD BE INDICATED
KEY PHASER MARK ON ROTOR POSITION TO BE INDICATED
AXIAL VIBRATION PHASE LOGGING MUST HAVE DIRECTION
INDICATION
NAME OF VIBRATION ANLAYSER SHOULD BE INDICATED
VIBRATION UNITS TO BE INDICATED

TIPS FOR MAKING VIBRATION DATA MORE

USEFUL FOR ANALYSIS
WHILE

GIVING CONTROL ROOM VALUES, SPECIFY

VIBRATION UNITS AND LOCATION OF THE PICKUPS

THE

VIBRATION MUST BE MEASURED BY PORTABLE VIBRATION

METER NEAR CONTROL ROOM PICKUP FOR VARYING THE
CORRECTNESS OF CONTROL ROOM MEASUREMENT
PICK UP SHOULD NOT BE MOUNTED LOOSE
BRACKET FOR EXTERNAL SHAFT VIBRATION PICKUP SHOULD BE
STIFF ENOUGH NOT TO PRODUCE AMPLIFICATION / RESONANCE

TIPS FOR MAKING VIBRATION DATA MORE

USEFUL FOR ANALYSIS
FOR CORRECT TRENDING OF VIBRATION READINGS, SAME
LOCATION
SHOULD
BE
USED
FOR
ALL
PERIODIC
MEASUREMENTS

REASONS OF VIBRATION
IF THE MEASUREMENT IS HEALTHY, FOLLOWING MAY BE THE
REASONS OF VIBRATION PROBLEM
UNBALANCE
MISALIGNMENT
LOOSENESS
PIPE PULLS
SHAFT CATENARY / BEARING LOADING
RESONANCE
UNEQUAL FLOW PATH CLEARANCES
RUBBING

REASONS OF VIBRATION
SHAFT BOW
OIL / STEAM WHIRL
DEVIATED OPERATING PARAMETERS
DEFECTIVE BEARING / ASSEMBLY OF BEARING
VIBRATION TRANSMITTION FROM OTHER SOURCE
GEAR INACCURACIES
CASING DISTORSTION
CAVITATION

STEPS FOR RESOLVING THE VIBRATION

PROBLEM
ACCURATE MEASUREMENT OF VIBRATION DATA
COLLECTION OF OPERATING PARAMETERS
STUDY OF HISTORY OF VIBRATION BEHAVIOUR / OVERHAULING
REPORTS / RECURRING PROBLEM FACED
INTERACTION WITH O&M PERSONNELS
COLLECTION OF DETAILED VIBRATION BEHAVIOUR AT VARIOUS
CONDITIONS OF OPERATION LIKE NO LOAD RUN, RUN UP, RUN
DOWN, WITH AND WITHOUT EXCITATION, PART AND FULL LOAD
OPERATION ETC.
VIBRATION ANALYSIS TO NARROW DOWN THE REASONS OF
HIGH VIBRATION

STEPS FOR RESOLVING THE VIBRATION

PROBLEM
FORMULATION OF ACTION PLAN (SHORT TERM / LONG TERM)
IMPLEMENTATION OF ACTION PLAN
RESPONSE OF MACHINE AFTER IMPLEMENTATION OF ACTION
PLAN
FRESH VIBRATION ANALYSIS, IF THE PROBLEM PERSISTS
IMPLEMENTATION OF NEW ACTION PLAN
THE CYCLE OF VIBRATION ANALYSIS AND IMPLEMENTATION
OF ACTION PLAN CONTINUES TILL THE VIBRATION PROBLEM
IS SATISFACTORILY RESOLVED

KNOW YOUR MACHINES

KNOWLEDGE OF BEHAVIOUR FOR SIMILAR TYPE OF MACHINES
VIBRATION PRONE AREAS
INFLUENCE OF PARTICULAR OPERATING PARAMETER

INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS ON VIBRATION

ISO 10816

BEARING VIBRATION

ISO 7919

SHAFT VIBRATION

THERE ARE THREE LIMITS IN INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS

LIMITS FOR NEW MACHINES
ALARM LIMITS
TRIP LIMITS

RECOMMENDED LOCATIONS OF VIBRATION MEASUREMENTS

ON BEARINGS AS PER ISO

RECOMMENDED LOCATIONS OF SHAFT VIBRATION

MEASUREMENTS AS PER ISO

Measurin
g
Amplifier

Measurin
g
Amplifier

45O

PROXIMITY
PICK-UP

45O

SHAFT

VERTICAL

OR

SHAFT

R
HORIZONTAL

THANK YOU