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etc.)
Individual
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part1
2.
Individual
Assignment
part2
3.
TEST
LAB
4.
Coursework Reference
(Topics/ Chapters/ Subjects
covered or other Relevant
Information)
SupplyofCleanWater
andplumbinglayoutina
lowrisecasestudy.
Drainagesystems
LightingLayoutand
stormwaterdrainagein
thesamelowrisecase
study.
TopicsonHeat,Sound,
WaterSupplyandStorm
WaterManagement
2EXPERIMENTS
Issue to
Students
(Week)
Submission of
Coursework
(Week)
10
11
11
12
Feedback to
Students
(Week)
Marks
(100%)
25
25
11
12
13
Rem
arks
30
20
Total:
100%
Courseworkcomponent:40%weightingofoverallassessment.
Studentmustachieve50%thresholdgradingincourseworktoqualifyforapassinth
Topic5:
SanitationandSewerageDisposalSystem:
OBJECTIVES:
Sanitaryandsewerageterminologyandfundamentals
Internalsoilandwastepipesystem:singlestack,one
pipe,twopipe
Sanitaryfittingsandappliances,watersealandinterceptor
traps
Sanitarypipematerials
Outdoorsewer/drainagesystems:combinedandseparate
systems
Topic5:
SanitationandSewerageDisposalSystem
Sewerpipematerialsandmanholes
Sewagetreatmentprocessesandtypes
Sewagepumping
Sewagedisposal:protectionofenvironmentfromsewer
spill
SanitaryandsewerageauthoritiesinMalaysia
References:
HallF.&GreenoR.,2011,Building
Services Handbook, Part 11. 6thEdition.
Elsevier.
GreenoR.,1997.Building Services,
Technology and Design. Longman.
Introduction
Introduction
For healthy living, it is necessary to have a clean
environment. Hence the need for a proper disposal
system of :
Waste water wash water, used water
Storm water (rain)
Sewage Toilet wastes/ industrial wastes
Introduction
Sanitaryworksmaybedividedinto;
-Collection:discharge into sanitary systems then
collection by septic tank for public sewer lines
Introduction:
understandwatersupply
andusedwaterdischarge
JBA
IWK
Introduction
The3typesofsewersystemsare:
(forstormwater&sewage)
- Separatesystems
-Combinedsystems
-Partiallyseparatesystems
10
SystemsofSanitation
Separate Systems
Separatesewersare
constructedfor
handlingofstorm
waterandsanitary
sewage
Suitableforareas
wherethetopography
permitsdisposalof
stormwaterbygravity,
whilesanitarysewage
requirepumping
11
SystemsofSanitation
Combined Systems
Onlyonesetofsewers
Useforsanitary
sewageandtown
drainage(stormwater)
Mustbepumped
12
SystemsofSanitation
Partially separate systems
Moreeconomicalascomparedtoseparatesystems
Aportionofstormwaterdischargeintonaturaldrainage
(river)
Balancedflowtothecombinedsystem
13
PatternsofCollection
Variouspatternsfollowedforcollectionofsewageand
wastewaterare:
1.Perpendicularpattern/grid
2.Interceptorpattern
3.Radialsystem
4.Fanpattern
5.ZonePattern
14
a.Perpendicular
pattern/grid
15
b.Interceptor&Radialpattern
PLAN
16
d.Fanpattern
PLAN
To
Main
sewer
17
e.ZonePattern
To
Main
sewer
18
Factors Tut Q 4
Factorswhichgovernthepatternsofcollectionare:
i.Topographyhillyorflatland
ii.Locationneartownorinremotearea
Iii.Methodoftreatmentcitysewageorseptictank
iv.TypeofSewagehomesorindustrial
v.Areatobeserveddensepopulation,orsmall
population
19
SewagePumping
Wheneverthelevelofthebranch/servicesewerfromthe
buildingislowerthanthemainsewerlevel,sewage
pumpinghastoberesortedto.
Therequirementsforsewagepumpsare:
reliability(cantrust)
Unchokable(cannotchokeorgetstuck)
Accessibleformaintenance(canreachinside)
Robust(hardy&strong)
Wearresisting(canstandheavyuse)
20
SewagePumping
21
22
23
Buildingsanitarysystemiscontrolledundereachlocalmunicipal
councilbuttheexternalseweragesystemisprovidedbyIndahWater
Konsortium(IWK).
Act&Regulationstobeusedforsanitarysystem:
UBBL1984
Localmunicipalcouncilsregulation
Act&Regulationstobeusedforexternalseweragesystem:
MS1228:1991CodeofPracticeforDesignandInstallationof
SewerageSystem
SewerageSystemGuidelines(byJPP)
Street,Drainage&BuildingAct1974
24
Sanitary definitions
Sanitary stacks
Sanitary appliances
25
Soil&wastepipesystemdesignedtocarryawaythedischarges
fromsanitaryfittingsquicklyandsafely.
Gravityflowwillrequireaconstantslopinggradientwhichneeds
carefuldesign&consideration.
Sanitaryappliances:watercloset,flushingcistern,urinal,sink,wash
basin,bath,shower,floortrap&etc.
26
2)
27
Inamulti-storeybuilding,stackisusedtocarrysoil/wastewaterfrom
allsanitaryappliancesateachfloordowntotheexternal
undergroundseweragesystem.
Inadditiontocorrectlymovingthewastewater,asanitarysystem
needstosatisfythefollowing:
Protectionfromhealthrisk
Protectionfromfoulair
Sufficientcapacityformaximumdesignflow
Self-cleansingofsystembynormalflow
Minimalchanceofblockage
Easyaccesstoallparts
Longtermresistancetoeffectsofwastewater
Longtermresistancetoleakage
Protectionfromeffectsofgroundpressure&movement
Protectionfromextremesofweather.
28
Thereare3typesofsanitarypipesystemusedforcollection&disposalof
soil&wastefromvarioustoiletfixturesinabuilding.Theyare:
1)
2)
3)
Singlestacksystem
Onepipesystem
Twopipesystem.
29
Allsoil&wastewaterenterasingle
stackpipe.
Aseparateventilationpipeisused.
Asbothsoil&wastewaterrunthrough
thepipes,thepiperemainsclean&
lesserpossibilityofchoking.
Moreeconomicalthan2pipesystem,
requireslesserspace.
30
2separatestackpipes,oneforsoilwater
&anotherforwastewater.
Suitablewhensoilfittingsarelocatedfar
fromwastefittings.
Nopossibilityofsoilwaterbackingupin
wastefittings.
2ormorepipesinsystemlooksunsightly
&takesextraspace.
Extrapipesmeansmoremaintenance.
31
Comparison
System
Advantages
Disadvantages
SingleStackSystem
Requireonlyonesingle
stackpipe
Ventilationislessefficient
OnePipeSystem
Lesspossibilityof
choking
Requirespipelineforvent
pipes
TwoPipeSystem
Moreeffectivedrainage
Extrapipemeansmore
maintenance
Unsightlypipeworktakes
upmorespace
32
1.
2.
Atrapwithacurvedsectionofdrainpipethat
fillsupwithsomeflushingwater,providinga
seal.
Thewaterheldbythetrapisreplacedeach
timethefixtureisused.
33
P Trap
Locatedbetweenthesewerpipe&the
WCorwashbasin.
S Trap
SameasP-trap.ThedebrisintheS-trap
canberemovedonceeverymonthby
removingthecleaningeyeplug.
34
Bottle Trap
Thistrapispopularbecauseitcanbeusedif
thespacebetweentheappliance&thesewer
isrestricted&iftheP-trapcannotbeused.
Anti-siphon traps
Thistrappreventsbacksiphonage&located
betweenthesanitaryappliance&thesewer.
35
Gully Trap
Agullytrapisabasininthegroundwhichreceivespipedwastewater
fromthekitchen,bathroom&laundrybeforeitisemptiedintothesewer.
Thebasinhasawatersealtopreventfoulodoursofthesewerreaching
thesurface.
Thetoporsurroundisraisedabovegroundleveltopreventstormwater
&otherforeignmatterenteringthesewer.
Floor
Level