TYPOLOGY FOR

PHILIPPINE HIGHER
EDUCATION
INSTITUTIONS

Why is there a need to have a typology of HEIs in the

Philippines?
Typology

is a system for classifying higher education

institutions that shall guide policy makers in
rationalizing distribution and operation of higher
education institutions in the Philippines.

Typology

is aimed at determining the number and

distribution of different types of HEIs in the country as
well as, per region and province

Typology Results:
minimize
assured

program duplication

of the optimum use of the scarce

human and material resources in higher
education

HORIZONTAL TYPOLOGY

HEIs will be differentiated functionally along:

the nature of the degree programs offered;

the qualifications of faculty members;

the types of available learning resources and support structures available;
and
the nature of linkages and community outreach activities.

Universities
are operationally defined as follows:
Academic

degree programs should be comprehensive

and manifest the pursuit of new knowledge.

There

are at least 20 academic degree programs with

enrollees, at least 6 of which are at the graduate level.

There

is at least one doctoral program in 3 different

fields of study

Comprehensive

learning resources and

support structures allow students to
explore basic and advanced knowledge in
various disciplines;

Links

with other research institutions

worldwide to ensure global standards

Outreach

activities allow the students,

faculty and staff to apply the new
knowledge to address development
problems.

Colleges

are operationally defined as follows:

At least 70% of undergraduate programs have a core
curriculum

There

should be a core of permanent faculty members

with relevant graduate degrees and licenses

has doctoral programs with faculty members having doctoral

degrees).

MANIFESTATIONS OF QUALITY
Program excellence is manifested through:
accreditation
Centers

of Excellence and Development

international

certification.

Regulated HEIs are those institutions,

which still need to demonstrate good
institutional quality and program
outcomes

EQUATIONS TO DETERMINE POINTS FOR

LOCAL ACCREDITATION

The points for local accreditation takes into account several

factors.

Proportion of accredited programs. It is the proportion of

accredited programs in relation to the total number of
programs covered by accreditation that is measured

Level of accreditation. There are increasing weights (values)

from Level I to Level IV.

Undergraduate/graduate programs. The weights for

undergraduate or graduate programs depend on HEI type and
the proportion of programs at the two levels.

Weights for Accreditation Levels. After two years, it is

recommended that accrediting agencies use the outcomes-based
approach in its instruments, for which higher weights will be given.

THE LONG-TERM GOAL

The long-term goal is to have the majority of HEIs:

Progressively

improving their level of attainment

of their desired program, and

Implementing

an established internal quality

assurance system and undergoing institutional
assessment

OUTCOMES-BASED
ACCREDITATION
Paradigm shift from inputs-based to
outcomes-based accreditation in the last
decade.
Inputs-based

accreditation looks at output

also as when they look at board exam results
and when they interview alumni and possibly
employers.

OUTCOMES-BASED
Program
Educational Objectives
ACCREDITATION

consistent with the mission and vision of the institution documented and
published

reflects the particular field(s) of practice and the associated area(s) of

specialization

reflects the desired characteristics and/or capabilities of the graduates after a

few years of their career following graduation

reflects the anticipated career destinations of graduates

reflects the needs of the appropriate external constituencies.

Student Outcomes

foster the attainment of the program educational objectives by the

graduates

evidence that graduates of the program possess the attributes of the

student outcomes by the time of graduation

To GOD be the Glory