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Communication Technology
What is ICT?
fundamentally
a
diverse
set
of
applications, goods,
and services
UNDP
ADB
World
Bank
UNESCO
NHERA-II
http://www.doj.gov.ph/office-of-cybercrime.html
8. Philippines (28.8%)
9. Thailand (26.4%)
10. Indonesia (20.6%)
(Internet World Stat)
http://time.com/selfies-cities-world-rankings
Business process
outsourcing(BPO)
is a subset ofoutsourcingthat
involves thecontractingof the
operations and responsibilities of
specific business functions (or
processes) to a third-party service
provider. Originally, this was
associated withmanufacturing
firms
(Tas, J. & Sunder, S. 2004)
as the
subject of
study
as an
instructiona
l tool to
teach other
content
Baylor and Ritchie (2002)
ICT tools
Basic
- Common hardware
technologies
- Office Productivity Tools
- Graphic Software
- multimedia
Complex
-
Visualization
Game-based
Authoring
LMS
Online databases
Pervasive
- Web designing
- Multimedia
development
- Publishing
- Collaboration
tools
- Cloud
Web 2.0
Web 3.0
Convergent technologies
Social Technologies
Mobile Technologies
Assistive media
Web 2.0
- websites that use technology beyond
the static pages of earlier websites.
- may allow users to interact and
collaborate with each other in a social
media dialogue as creators of usergenerated content in a virtual
community, in contrast to websites
where people are limited to the
passive viewing of content.
Web 3.0
Also known as Semantic Web
coined by Tim Berners-Lee, inventor of
the World Wide Web.
Web 3.0
Web 3.0 components
semantic,
artificially intelligent,
virtual, and
ever-present.
Convergent technologies
Technological convergence is the process by which existing
technologies merge into new forms that bring together different
types of media and applications.
New devices and technology usually handle one medium or
accomplish some basic tasks; through technological convergence,
devices can interact with a wider array of media types.
For example, a new type of media storage often require new
players that only play that format. As the technology advances,
however, new models might include additional features like the
ability to interface with more devices or play other types of media.
Convergent technologies
Developments in Media
In the past, each entertainment medium had to
be played on a specific device. Video displayed on
a television through some type of video player,
music came through a tape deck or Compact Disc
(CD) player, and video games were played through
a console of some sort.
Technological convergence has resulted in
devices that not only interact with the media they
are primarily designed to handle, but also with a
number of other formats.
Convergent technologies
Telecommunications Advances
Different forms of communication media previously
used their own technologies. Voice conversations used
a telephone, video communication briefly used highend video phones, and e-mail required a computer.
Technological convergence has resulted in
computers and handheld devices like mobile
smartphones and tablets that can provide all of this
functionality with a single electronic piece of
equipment.
Convergent technologies
Changes in Hardware
Such technological convergence also leads to
devices that are designed specifically to replace a
number of different items.
Mobile phones, for example, have moved far
beyond their beginnings as simple voice
communication devices and now offer the functionality
of personal music players, digital cameras, and text
messenger systems.
New devices, such as tablet computers, have been
developed simply as a format for convergence, with a
single item functioning in the place of numerous
Convergent technologies
Importance of the Internet
The Internet is perhaps the most widespread
example of technological convergence. Virtually all
entertainment technologies, from radio and television
to books and games, can be viewed and played online.
Many computers with Internet access offer greater
functionality than primary devices like media players
or eReaders for digital books.
All of these different types of media have become
digitized and made more readily available than ever
before.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Twitter
Instagram
Youtube
Tumblr
MySpace
Pinterest
Google+
Mobile Technologies
Mobile
technologies
refer
to
a
combination of hardware, operating systems,
networking,
and
software,
including
content,
learning
platforms,
and
applications.
Mobile technology devices range from basic
mobile phones to tablet PCs, and include
PDAs, MP3 players, memory sticks, ereaders, and smartphones (UNESCO, December 2011).
Assistive Technology
Assistive technologyis anumbrella termthat
includes assistive, adaptive, and rehabilitative
devices forpeople with disabilitiesand also
includes the process used in selecting, locating,
and using them.
Assistive
technology
promotes
greater
independence by enabling people to perform tasks
that they were formerly unable to accomplish, or
had great difficulty accomplishing, by providing
enhancements to, or changing methods of
interacting
with,
thetechnologyneeded
to
accomplish such tasks.
Assistive Technology
Mobility impairments
- Wheelchairs
- Transfer devices
- Walkers
- Prosthesis
Assistive Technology
Visual impairments
- Screen readers
- Braille and braille embossers
- Desktop video magnifier
- Screen magnification software
- Large-print and tactile keyboards
Assistive Technology
Hearing impairments
Hearing aids
Assistive listening devices
Amplified telephone equipment
Description
The combination of advanced analytics and context-rich embedded
systems will evolve into smart machines. Prototypes of autonomous
vehicles, advanced robots, and the like will bring in the most
disruptive smart-machine era in the history of IT.
"Cloud is the new style of elastically scalable, self-service computing,
and both internal applications and external applications will be built
on this new style," Cearley said. "While network and bandwidth costs
may continue to favor apps that use the intelligence and storage of
the client device effectively, coordination and management will be
based in the cloud."
Expanding the digital environment to include the entire physical world
will require flexibility something existing hardware-controlled
networks don't have. Software-defined networks, storage, data
centers, and security will be required to make it all work.
Softwaredefined
applications
and
infrastructure
Web-scale IT Gartner believes that organizations will start incorporating globalclass computing into the company setting. "The first step should be
DevOps bringing development and operations together in a
coordinated way to drive rapid, continuous incremental development
of applications and services."
Risk-based
Gartner is following the lead of security pundits and reassessing what
Description
Context-rich Gartner thinks the next step will be to ingrain intelligence into IoT
systems
devices that will interact with the advanced analytics mentioned
Emerging
Technologies
Body-adapted
Wearable
Electronics
Top 10 Emerging
Technologies
Description
"These virtually invisible devices include earbuds that monitor heart rate,
sensors worn under clothes to track posture, a temporary tattoo that tracks
health vitals and haptic shoe soles that communicate GPS directions through
vibration alerts felt by the feet.
"The applications are many and varied: haptic shoes are currently proposed for
helping blind people navigate, while Google Glass has already been worn by
oncologists to assist in surgery via medical records and other visual information
accessed by voice commands."
Nanostructure "Emissions from the worlds rapidly-growing fleet of vehicles are an
d
Carbon environmental concern, and raising the operating efficiency of transport is a
promising way to reduce its overall impact.
Composites
"New techniques to nanostructure carbon fibers for novel composites are
Top 10 Emerging
Technologies
Emerging
Technologi
es
Nanowire
Lithiumion
Batteries
Screenless
Display
Description
"Able to fully charge more quickly, and produce 30%-40% more electricity than todays lithium-ion batteries,
thisnext generation of batteries could help transform the electric car marketand allow the storage of solar
electricity at the household scale. Initially, silicon-anode batteries are expected to begin to ship in smartphones
within the next two years."
"This field saw rapid progress in 2013 and appears set for imminent breakthroughs of scalable deployment of
screenless display. Various companies have made significant breakthroughs in the field, including virtual reality
headsets, bionic contact lenses, the development of mobile phones for the elderly and partially blind people,
andhologram-like videos without the need for moving parts or glasses."
Human
"Attention is being focused on the gut microbiome and its role in diseases ranging from infections to obesity,
Microbiom diabetes and inflammatory bowel disease.
"It is increasingly understood that antibiotic treatments that destroy gut flora can result in complications such
e
asClostridium difficileinfections, which can in rare cases lead to life-threatening complications. On the other
Therapeut
hand,a new generation of therapeutics comprising a subset of microbes found in healthy gut are under clinical
ics
developmentwith a view to improving medical treatments."
RNADevelopments inbasicRibonucleic acid (RNA) science, synthesis technology, and in vivo delivery i.e. in a living
organism, "are combining to enable a new generation of RNA-based drugs that canattenuate the abundance
based
Therapeut of natural proteins, or allow for the in vivo production of optimized, therapeutic proteins. Working in
collaboration with large pharmaceutical companies and academia, several private companies that aim to offer
ics
RNA-based treatments have been launched."
Quantified "Smartphones contain a rich record of peoples activities, including who they know (contact lists, social
networking apps), who they talk to (call logs, text logs, e-mails), where they go (GPS, Wi-Fi, and geo-tagged
Self
(Predictive photos) and what they do (apps we use, accelerometer data).
"Using this data, and specialized machine-learning algorithms,detailed and predictive models about people
Analytics)
and their behaviors can be built to help with urban planning, personalized medicine, sustainability and medical
diagnosis."
Brain"The ability to control a computer using only the power of the mind is closer than one might think.Brain-
Trends
Mobile New advances in hardware and software are making mobile
Learnin smart phones indispensible tools. Just as cell phones have
g
leapfrogged fixed line technology in the telecommunications
industry, it is likely that mobile devices with internet access and
computing capabilities will soon overtake personal computers as
the information appliance of choice in the classroom.
Cloud Applications are increasingly moving off of the stand alone desk
comput top computer and increasingly onto server farms accessible
ing
through the Internet. The implications of this trend for education
systems are huge; they will make cheaper information
appliances available which do not require the processing power
or size of the PC. The challenge will be providing the ubiquitous
connectivity to access information sitting in the cloud.
One-to- The trend in classrooms around the world is to provide an
One
information appliance to every learner and create learning
comput environments that assume universal access to the technology.
ing
Whether the hardware involved is one laptop per child (OLPC), or
increasingly -- a net computer, smart phone, or the reemergence of thetablet, classrooms should prepare for the
universal availability of personal learning devices.
Trends Descriptions
Ubiquito With the emergence of increasingly robust connectivity
us
infrastructure and cheaper computers, school systems around
learning the world are developing the ability to provide learning
opportunities to students anytime, anywhere.This trend
requires a rethinking of the traditional 40 minute lesson.In
addition to hardware and Internet access, it requires the
availability of virtual mentors or teachers, and/or opportunities
for peer to peer and self-paced, deeper learning.
Gaming A recent survey by the Pew Internet and American Life Project
per the Horizon Report found that massively multiplayer and
other online game experience is extremely common among
young people and that games offer an opportunity for increased
social interaction and civic engagement among youth. The
phenomenal success of games with a focus on active
participation, built in incentives and interaction suggests that
current educational methods are not falling short and that
educational games could more effectively attract the interest
and attention of learners.
Trends
Personaliz Education systems are increasingly investigating the use of
ed
technology to better understand a students knowledge base
learning
from prior learning and to tailor teaching to both address
learning gaps as well as learning styles. This focus transforms
a classroom from one that teaches to the middle to one that
adjusts content and pedagogy based on individual student
needs both strong and weak.
Redefinitio The ordered classroom of 30 desks in rows of 5 may quickly
n
of become a relic of the industrial age as schools around the
learning
world are re-thinking the most appropriate learning
spaces
environments to foster collaborative, cross-disciplinary,
students centered learning. Concepts such as greater use of
light, colors, circular tables, individual spaces for students
and teachers, and smaller open learning spaces for projectbased learning are increasingly emphasized.
Teachergenerated
open
content
Trends Descriptions
Smart
The collection, management, sorting, and retrieving of data
portfoli related to learning will help teachers to better understand
o
learning gaps and customize content and pedagogical
assessm approaches. Also, assessment is increasingly moving toward
ent
frequent formative assessments which lend itself to real-time
data and less on high-pressure exams as the mark of
excellence.Tools are increasingly available to students to
gather their work together in a kind of online portfolio;
whenever they add a tweet, blog post, or photo to any online
service, it will appear in their personal portfolio which can be
both peer and teacher assessed.
Teacher The role of the teacher in the classroom is being transformed
manage from that of the font of knowledge to an instructional manager
rs/ment helping to guide students through individualized learning
ors
pathways, identifying relevant learning resources, creating
collaborative learning opportunities, and providing insight and
support both during formal class time and outside of the
designated 40 minute instruction period.This shift is easier said
than done and ultimately the success or failure of technology
projects in the classroom hinge on the human factor and the
Online (Computing)
Platforms
Acomputing platformis, in the most
general sense, whatever a pre-existing
piece ofcomputer softwareorcode
objectis designed to run within,
obeying its constraints, and making use of
its facilities
The termcomputing platformcan refer
to different abstraction levels, including a
certainhardware architecture, anoperating
system(OS), andruntime libraries.
Common Components of a P
latform
Hardware
Browser
Application
Software frameworks
Cloud computingandPlatform as a Service
virtual machine
Avirtualizedversion of a complete system,
including virtualized hardware, OS, software and
storage.
AmigaOS,AmigaOS 4
FreeBSD,NetBSD,OpenBSD
Linux
Microsoft Windows
OpenVMS
OS X(Mac OS)
OS/2
Solaris
Tru64 UNIX
VM
QNX
Mobile OS
Android
Bada
BlackBerry OS
Firefox OS
iOS
Embedded Linux
Palm OS
Symbian
Tizen
WebOS
Windows Mobile
Windows Phone
Software frameworks
Adobe AIR
Adobe Flash
Adobe Shockwave
Binary Runtime Environmen
t for Wireless
(BREW)
Cocoa (API)
Cocoa Touch
Java platform
Java Platform, Micro Edition
Java Platform, Standard Edit
ion
ition
JavaFX
JavaFX Mobile
Microsoft XNA
Mono
Mozilla Prism,XULand
XULRunner
.NET Framework
Silverlight
Open Web Platform
Oracle Database
Qt
SAP NetWeaver
Smartface
Vexi
Windows Runtime
18.Leverage Software
19.HiveLive
20.SocialGo- On-demand SaaS
community service.
21.IglooSoftware- A relatively new
entry, Igloo is focusing on the
enterprise user with ease-of-use
and simplicity as a top feature.
22.GroupSwim
23.SocialCast
24.Tomoye
25.Pinax- Brand new and feature
rich. Pinax is getting considerable
early adopter interest. Based on
Python, Pinax is open source.
Other Platforms
Promising web platforms http
://readwrite.com/2008/08/20/10_high
ly_promising_web_platforms
/
eLearning platforms
https://
www.entrepreneur.com/article/25115
6
eCommerce platforms http
://www.inc.com/bill-carmody/top-5-e
Assignment