FDD-LTE Radio Network

Overview

Contents

Mobile Network Evolution

LTE Architecture and Benefits

LTE Key Technology

ZTE LTE Solution

Drivers of Mobile Network Evolution

Wireless Internet - A New Paradigm for Mobile Communication

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Evolution Trend of Mobile Technology

GSM

GPRS

EDGE

eEDGE

TDSCDMA
WCDMA
R99

HSPA

HSDPA
R5

MC-HSPA
MBMS
HSUPA
R6

HSPA+
R7

TDD

LTE

4G

MBMS
FDD

cdma 1x

cdma 2000

cdma 2000
EV-DO

EV-DO
Rev. A
EV-DO
Rev. B

802.16 d

2G

2.5G

2.75G

802.16 m

802.16 e

3G

3.5G

UMB

3.75G

3.9G

4G

Multi-Standards Coexist : OFDM, OFDMA and MIMO, basic technologies in different standards, are
employed in multi wireless access technology.
Multi-frequency Coexistence: More frequency bands are available and standardized.
Mobile Broadband: Increase spectrum utilization; reduce the cost of wireless data services; ready for
multimedia-based services.

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Evolution of Speed

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Technologies Comparison
802.16e (WiMAX)

LTE

HSPA+

FEATURE

TDD

OFDMA

FDD

WCDMA

FDD

OFDMA

MIMO

64QAM

MIMO

64QAM DL

TDD

SC-FDMA

16QAM UL

MIMO

64QAM

BW: 1.25 ~ 20MHz

BW: 5MHz

1.4 | 3 | 5 | 10 | 20MHz

DATA RATE

63.36Mbps DL

42Mbps DL

150Mbps DL

2*2 10MHz

2*2 5MHz

2*2 20MHz

28.22Mbps UL

11.5Mbps UL

75Mbps UL

2*2 10MHz

5MHz

2*2 20MHz

STANDARD

2005.12

2008. Q3

2009. Q3

New spectrum

3G spectrum

3G spectrum
New spectrum

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Organizations Leading in LTE Ecosystem

NGMN

R
t
en

3GPP
Standard

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t
or
ep

m
ir e
qu
Re

m
re
i
qu
e
R

t
en

LSTI

Key Requirements

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LTE Frequency and Bandwidth

E-UTRAN Band

UL: eNode B receive, UE transmit

DL: eNode B transmit, UE receive

FUL_low FUL_high

FDL_low FDL_high

Duplex
Mode

1920 MHz

1980 MHz

2110 MHz

2170 MHz

FDD

1850 MHz

1910 MHz

1930 MHz

1990 MHz

FDD

1710 MHz

1785 MHz

1805 MHz

1880 MHz

FDD

1710 MHz

1755 MHz

2110 MHz

2155 MHz

FDD

824 MHz

849 MHz

869 MHz

894MHz

FDD

830 MHz

840 MHz

875 MHz

885 MHz

FDD

2500 MHz

2570 MHz

2620 MHz

2690 MHz

FDD

880 MHz

915 MHz

925 MHz

960 MHz

FDD

1749.9 MHz

1784.9 MHz

1844.9 MHz

1879.9 MHz

FDD

10

1710 MHz

1770 MHz

2110 MHz

2170 MHz

FDD

11

1427.9 MHz

1452.9 MHz

1475.9 MHz

1500.9 MHz

FDD

12

[TBD]

[TBD]

[TBD]

[TBD]

FDD

13

777 MHz

787 MHz

746 MHz

756 MHz

FDD

14

788 MHz

798 MHz

758 MHz

768 MHz

FDD

...

33

1900 MHz

1920 MHz

1900 MHz

1920 MHz

TDD

34

2010 MHz

2025 MHz

2010 MHz

2025 MHz

TDD

35

1850 MHz

1910 MHz

1850 MHz

1910 MHz

TDD

36

1930 MHz

1990 MHz

1930 MHz

1990 MHz

TDD

37

1910 MHz

1930 MHz

1910 MHz

1930 MHz

TDD

2570 MHz

2620 MHz

2570 MHz

2620 MHz

TDD

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All rights reserved

Content

Mobile Network Evolution

LTE Architecture and Benefits

LTE Key Technology

ZTE LTE Solution

LTE/SAE System Architecture Evolution

PCRF: Policy and Charging Rules Function
HSS: Home Subscriber Server
MME: Mobile Management Entity

GERAN

SGSN

HSS

UTRAN
S6a

S3
S1-MME

MME

PCRF
S11

S4

S7

Rx+

S10
LTE-Uu
UE

E-UTRAN
S1-U

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Serving
Gateway

S5

PDN
Gateway

SGi
Operator's IP Services
(e.g. IMS, PSS etc.)

E-UTRAN Structure
MME / S-GW

MME / S-GW

EPC

S1

EPS

Mobility Management
Serving Gateway
Interface between
MME/SGW & eNodeB

eNodeB
E-UTRAN

RNC
Node B

X2

X2

X2
eNodeB

eNodeB

eNodeB

Interface between
eNodeBs

Only one Node in E-UTRAN eNodeB

Flexible band width

Evolved Packet Core EPC

Higher spectrum efficiency

Evolved Packet System EPS

High peak rate, Lower latency

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EUTRAN/EPC Function Module

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eNodeB Function

eNodeB

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Radio Resource Management

IP header compression and encryption of user data

stream

Selection of an MME at UE attachment when no

routing to an MME can be determined from the
information provided by the UE

Routing of User Plane data towards Serving

Gateway

Scheduling and transmission of paging messages

Scheduling and transmission of broadcast

information

Measurement and measurement reporting

configuration for mobility and scheduling

Scheduling and transmission of ETWS messages

CSG handling

MME Function

MME

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NAS signalling

NAS signalling security

AS Security control

Inter CN node signalling for mobility between 3GPP access

networks

Idle mode UE Reachability (including control and execution of

paging retransmission)

Tracking Area list management (for UE in idle and active

mode)

PDN GW and Serving GW selection

MME selection for handovers with MME change

SGSN selection for handovers to 2G or 3G 3GPP access

networks

Roaming

Authentication

Bearer management functions including dedicated bearer

establishment

Support for ETWS message transmission

SGW Function

SGW

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The local Mobility Anchor point for

inter-eNB handover

Mobility anchoring for inter-3GPP

mobility

E-UTRAN idle mode downlink packet

buffering and initiation of network
triggered service request procedure

Lawful Interception

Packet routeing and forwarding

Transport level packet marking in the

uplink and the downlink

Accounting on user and QCI

granularity for inter-operator charging

UL and DL charging per UE, PDN, and

QCI

PDN GW Function

Per-user based packet filtering

Lawful Interception

UE IP address allocation

Transport level packet marking in

the downlink

PDN GW

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UL and DL service level charging,

gating and rate enforcement;

DL rate enforcement based on AMBR

Compare the Architecture of LTE with 3G

MGW

IMS

MGCF

PSTN

P/I/S-CSCF

Ip network

PS

PCRF

EPC
PDN-GW

CS

GGSN

GMSC
CN

MME

S-GW

HSS

SGSN

Iu

S1

RNC
eNode B

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RNC
RAN

eNode B
X2

E-UTRAN

MSC/VLR

Node B

Node B
UTRAN

Flat and IP-based Network Architecture for LTE

MSCS

GGSN

HLR

MME
HSS

x-GW

RNC

PCRF

EPC

SGSN

MGW

Without RNC

LTE Flat Structure

WCDMA/HSPA

Easy

maintenance

Reduce

Better

IP Backbone

IP Backbone

Node B

investment

transmission

delay

RNC

Node B

Less

eNode B

eNode B

reliability

MME/x-GW
Integrates CN & partial
RNC functions
eNode B

Flat network structure and IP-based network can reduce

the TCO of LTE network.
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Full function of Node B

and major function of
RNC

LTE Benefits for Operators and Users

User Experience ARPU
Throughput

Investment Protection

Latency

Reuse of
Sites and
infrastructure

HSPA

LTE

HSPA

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HSPA+

Frequency bands

Scalable bandwidth

cost per Mbps

HSPA

Backhauling

LTE

Low Cost per Mbps

3G

LTE

Optimized spectrum usage

LTE Enriches the Mobile Services

Mobile Broadband Changes the Future Life

Video Sharing

Video Blog

Video Chat

Information

Mobile Email
Netmeeting
HD Video
Conference

Video on
Demand

Mobile
Shopping

Online Game

Mobile Bank

HD video
streanming

Mobile Stock

LTE improves user experience by high capacity,

quick response, high data-rate and better QoS.
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LTE Improves Broadband Applications

Online Gaming <50 ms Latency

Permanent Sync.
DL/UL 1-2Mbps
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Live Video/ Video Blogging

DL 6-8Mbps/UL 2Mbps

HD Video Streaming (720i or 1080i)

DL 6-10Mbps

Contents

Mobile Network Evolution

LTE Architecture and Benefits

LTE Key Technology

ZTE LTE Solution

Frame Structure

Channel bandwidth [MHz]

1.4

10

15

20

Resource block number (FDD mode)

15

25

50

75

100

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LTE Radio Transmission Schemes

OFDMA:

Widely known and used in WiMAX,

WLAN, DVB

Benefits:

Robustness against multi-path

fading

SC-FDMA:
Not known from other standards
yet

Benefits:

Technically similar to OFDMA

Low peak-to-average ratio (PAR) enables

Optimum use of available

improved power amplifier efficiency and

spectrum

battery life

Efficient receiver architecture

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OFDM Technology

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DFT-spread OFDM

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OFDMA: Downlink Multiple Access

System Bandwidth
Sub-carriers

Sub-frame

Frequency

Time frequency
resource for User 1

Time

Up to 16 QAM can be used

Resistance to multi-path interference by Cyclic Prefix
Friendly to MIMO

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Time frequency
resource for User 2
Time frequency
resource for User 3

SC-FDMA: Uplink Multiple Access

System Bandwidth

Sub-frame

Single Carrier

Frequency

Time frequency
resource for User 1

Time

Up to 16 QAM can be used

Single carrier modulation achieves lower Peak to Average
Ratio (PAPR)
FDMA is efficiently achieved through FFT operation

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Time frequency
resource for User 2
Time frequency
resource for User 3

OFDMA/SC-FDMA
SC-FDMA
N-point
DFT

Xn

Subcarrier
Mapping

Detect

Add CP /
PS

DAC/RF

Xm

Xl

Xk
N-point
IDFT

M-point
IDFT

Channel

Subcarrier
Demapping/
Equalization

M-point
DFT

Remove
CP

RF/ADC

Subcarrier
Mapping

M-point
IDFT

Add CP /
PS

DAC/RF

OFDMA
Xn

Detect

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Xm

Xl

Xk
Subcarrier
Demapping/
Equalization

M-point
DFT

Channel
Remove
CP

RF/ADC

MIMO Technology

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Scenarios of Different MIMO Modes in LTE

1

Mode 1 Single Antenna Port

Correspond to Single Antenna Port

Mode 2 Transmit Diversity

Provide Diversity Against Fading

Mode 3 Open Loop Spatial multiplexing

High Mobility Environment

Mode 4 Closed-Loop Spatial multiplexing

Improve Peak data rates

Mode 5 MU-MIMO

Improve system Capacity

6
7

Mode 6 Codebook Beam Forming

Mode 7 Non Codebook Beam Forming

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Improve cell Coverage and

Suppress Interference

SON Architectures

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SON Use Cases Based on Function

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ZTE

SON Use Cases Based on Project

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Content

Mobile Network Evolution

LTE Architecture and Benefits

LTE Key Technology

ZTE LTE Solution

Product Solution

Transport Solution

Antenna Solution

Terminal Solution

Full Series LTE Product Line

LTE TERMINAL

WITH VOICE
SOLUTION

LTE ACCESS

SINGLE RAN &

PLUS

LTE TRANSPORT

LTE CORE

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MICROWAVE

uMAC
xG W

ZTE Unified Radio Sub-System Platform

One Network Target
GSM/EDGE

UMTS/HSPA

TD-SCDMA

CDMA2000

WiMAX

LTE

GSM/EDGE

ZTE Universal SDR Platform

UMTS/HSPA
LTE

Distributed

IntegratedUniversal

RRU
RRU

RSU

Features

MicroTCA architecture

Multi-Standard support

Baseband sharing and

BBU

software configurable

BBU

RRU sharing and

software configurable

Future-Proof
Future-Proof Platform
Platform with
with Smooth
Smooth Evolution
Evolution Support
Support
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ZTE

GSM/LTE Dual-mode System to Co-existence

with UMTS
ZTE SDR Platform

09 Q3 launch

LTE hardware ready

Cost effective solution

LTE

GSM

GSM/LTE Dual-mode Platform

+10 years GSM system

Replace by GSM/LTE
dual-mode system
1.

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ZTE

LTE system

G/L dual-mode
2. Software upgrade

UMTS/LTE Dual-mode System to Prove Future

Evolution
UMTS/LTE System

UMTS/LTE System
GSM System

Existed GSM system

2. GSM replace by
U/L system
Build a new UMTS/LTE
dual-mode system
1.

3. Software upgrade

LTE system

UMTS

LTE

UMTS/LTE dual-mode Platform

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ZTE

ZTE SDR Based Uni-RAN Solution

GSM & WCDMA CN
& SAE

BSC/RNC

IP based
backhaul

LTE

RRU@2.6GHz

LTE & UMTS

S1

Iub/Abis

LTE, GSM, UMTS

Baseband Unit

RRU @2.1GHz

LTE & GSM

Distributed system
architecture

Multimode operation

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ZTE

RRU @900/1800MHz

ZTE Unified O&M Solution

3rd Party
NMS/OSS/BSS

NMS/OSS/
BSS

CORBA

EMS

FM/PM/CM/IM

NetNumen

TM

M31

FILE

SNMP
FM

FM/PM/CM/IM

ASCII
FM

DB
FM/PM/CM/IM

Fault
Management

Performance
Management

Configuration
Management

Accounting
Management

SON
Functions

Security
Management

Inventory
Management

System
Management

Topology
Management

NE

BSS
ZTE
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UTRAN

EPS

TD-SCDMA

WiMAX

Contents

Mobile Network Evolution

LTE Architecture and Benefits

LTE Key Technology

ZTE LTE Solution

Product Solution

Transport Solution

Antenna Solution

Terminal Solution

ZTE All-around LTE Solution

E-UTRAN

UE

EPC

HSS
Rural

Urban
Express
card

Suburban

Dense
Urban

Transmission
Network

Handset

Hotspot
Home
eNodeB

USB
dongle

CPE

PCRF

BS8800

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BS8900

B8200+
R8860

B8300+
Micro/Pico RRU

Femto ENB

IMS

Internet
MME/SGW PGW

LTE Backhaul Transmission Bandwidth

Requirement

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HKCSL LTE Trial Network Architecture

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HKCSL LTE Trial QoS Requirement

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HKCSL LTE Trial QoS Solution

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HKCSL LTE Trial Security Solution

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HKCSL LTE Trial DHCP server Deployment

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Content

Mobile Network Evolution

LTE Architecture and Benefits

LTE Key Technology

ZTE LTE Solution

Product Solution

Transport Solution

Antenna Solution

Terminal Solution

Scheme
1:GSM900+GSM1800/UMTS2100+LTE2600
900M

1710-2170M

1920-2690M

2.6GHz LTE involved

1800/2100
combiner

900M
GSM
RRU

ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved

1800M
GSM
RRU

2100M
UMTS
RRU

2600M
LTE
RRU

Scheme
2:GSM900+GSM1800+UMTS2100/LTE1800
900M

1710-2170M

1920-2690M

1.8GHz LTE involved

Tips : intra-band
combination lead around 3
db loss
1800/2100
combiner

900M
GSM
RRU

ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved

1800M
GSM
RRU

2100M
UMTS
RRU

1800M
LTE
RRU

Scheme3:GSM900+GSM1800/UMTS2100+LTE
1800/LTE2600
900M

1710-2170M

1920-2690M

2.6GHz LTE and 1.8GHz cosite

1800/2100
combiner

900M
GSM
RRU

ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved

1800M
GSM
RRU

2100M
UMTS
RRU

1800/2600
combiner

1800M
LTE
RRU

2600M
LTE
RRU

Contents

Mobile Network Evolution

LTE Architecture and Benefits

LTE Key Technology

ZTE LTE Solution

Product Solution

Transport Solution

Antenna Solution

Terminal Solution

IOT with third part

ES
(700MHz)

Sept.09

FPGA IOT test

(ongoing)

Oct.09

09 Dec. IOT start

(2.6GHz)

09 Oct. PHY IOT

(2.6GHz)

FFA(2.6GHz)

Apr.10

10.Mar. IOT start

(1.8GHz)

09 Dec. L1/L2/L3 IOT

(2.6GHz)

S1/S11 IOT
(2.6GHz)
Nov.09

09Q3

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09Q4

10Q1

10Q2

10Q3