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Femtocell
Network Access:
Issues and
Challenges
2016 Dr.MBI@UKM
Outline
Introduction
Ultra Dense (Femtocells)
Network
Interference Management
Related Research
Conclusion
2016 Dr.MBI@UKM
Abstract
Due to the popularity of data-hungry devices, like smart phones and tablets, the mobile operators
towards the Fifth Generation (5G) are driven not only to increase their network capacity but also to
boost the life of such battery operated wireless smart devices. One of the most feasible solutions to
cope with this is the evolution from traditional macro-cell deployments to network densification. Small
cells are seen as the best match for network densification, as they can be opportunistically deployed in
the highly irregular way in hot spots. In consequence, the deployment of dense femtocell networks
(DFNs) can be seen as an efficient spectrum utilization using new spectrum bands but subjected to
inter-cell interference coordination particularly to cell-edge macro-users. Moreover, the decentralized
architecture of the femtocell networks and the uncertainty in terms of the number and location of
femtocell base stations increases the complexity of power control technique. This presentation will
discuss inter-femtocell interference scenarios in a typical femtocell cluster together with an overview of
some of the available interference management techniques. An interference mitigation schemes in
indoor LTE-A femtocell network using a new simple fractional path-loss compensation power control
technique utilizing local HeNBs information while maintaining QoS been proposed. Since densification of
femtocells in an uncoordinated manner can lead to severe inter-femtocell interference, especially when
they share the same channel and operate in Closed Subscriber Group (CSG) mode, a new Semi-virtual
Clustering Scheme (SVCS) has been investigated. This scheme exploits users status to categorize
femtocells into the victim, aggressor or neutral and each victim femtocell is then partitioned into two
virtual cells. Moreover, the scheme adapts dynamically to the status of each femtocell in the cluster,
being either a victim or a safe femtocell and smartly estimates the proper partitioning (time or
frequency) of resources within the defined clusters.
2016 Dr.MBI@UKM
Introduction
2016 Dr.MBI@UKM
2016 Dr.MBI@UKM
Introduction
2016 Dr.MBI@UKM
High Capacity
High QoE
Efficiency
Latency < 1 ms
High Quality
Low Latency
High Throughput
Introduction
2016 Dr.MBI@UKM
Introduction
5G
2016 Dr.MBI@UKM
Introduction
Heterogeneous Network
(HetNet)
2016 Dr.MBI@UKM
Introduction
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Cell Evolution
UDN
Nokia
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UDN
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UDN Scenarios
UDN
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Cell Properties
NIST 2016
UDN
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UDN
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UDN
Dense
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Challenges
UDN
Propagation
Interference
mitigation:
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Challenges
Cell-Edge
UDN
Effect
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UDFNs
UDFNs
UDFN
2016 Dr.MBI@UKM
UDFNs
Network
UDFNs
Densification Means:
Small
2016 Dr.MBI@UKM
Challenges
UDFNs
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Interference
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Interference
SIC Successive Interference
Cancellation
PIC Parallel Interference Cancellation
MSIC Multistage SIC
MUD Multi-User Detection
Interference Scenarios
Interference
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Interference Scenarios
Interference
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Inter-cell Coordination
Interference
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Inter-cell Coordination
Interference
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Inter-cell Coordination
Interference
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Related Research
Partially Compensated
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Related Research
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Related Research
Semi-Virtual Clustering for Mitigating Inter-Cell Interference in
UDFNs
Densification of femtocells in an uncoordinated manner can lead to severe interfemtocell interference when sharing the same channel and operate in Closed
Subscriber Group (CSG) mode.
Each victim femtocell is then partitioned into two virtual cells serving: (i) victim
users and (ii) safe users.
Two new virtual clusters are then formed. One cluster is for the first virtual cells,
but the latter one retains its original physical cluster, while the other cluster is for
their aggressors. Accordingly, aggressor femtocells become neutral, thereby
ensuring minimum inter-femtocell interference
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Aggressors for a UE can be defined as the plurality of interferers sorted from the strongest to the weakest. The dominant interferer (DI) is the strongest amongst all interferers. The
as:
UDFN Interference
Related Research
Based
on users status , in
any cluster, a femtocell can
be classified as any type:
Victim femtocell (F4, F7, F10).
Victim-aggressor femtocell (F1).
Aggressor femtocell (F2, F5, F8, F9).
Neutral femtocell (F3, F6).
1.
2.
3.
4.
Classification
of a UE to be
critical is based on two
metrics:
1.
2.
DIR
I strongest
i strongest
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Ii N
2016 Dr.MBI@UKM
Related Research
Concept of
SVCS
Type 2 and Type 3 is the main focus for SVCS to be an efficient
interference management scheme.
On the other hand, the critical UEs in Type 1 and Type 2 are the
targets for the performance evaluation of this interference
mitigating technique.
The Type of any femtocell in a cluster is time variant.
More specifically, the UE location in femtocell and the distance to
its neighbors define the femtocells Class.
SVCS dynamically adopts to this variations.
SVCS smartly estimates the proper partitioning of radio resources
(time or frequency) within the defined clusters according to the
Class of femtocells..
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Scenario
Related Research
For
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Related Research
Simulations assumptions
Parameter
Typical value
Carrier bandwidth
10 MHz
Carrier frequency
3.5 GHz
Transmit power
24 dBm
Femtocell antenna height
6m
UE antenna height
1.5m
Antenna gain and losses
5dBi
UE speed
3km/h
Femtos per floor
2-10
Users per femtocell
1-10
Mode of operation
CSG
Inner wall penetration loss
5dB
Outer wall penetration loss
23dB
Floor penetration loss
0dB, 18.3dB
Path loss model
ITU InH
Shadowing standard deviation
LOS 3dB,
NLOS 4dB
Number of available RBs
18
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2016 Dr.MBI@UKM
Results
Related Research
Figure shows the number of critical and non- critical UEs compared to
the total number of UEs as a function of the number of UEs per
femtocell.
The average percentage is 25 and 75 for victim and safe UEs
respectively.
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Related Research
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Related Research
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Related Research
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Related Research
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Related Research
The average RSRP, SINR, spectral efficiency and outage probability in CCCADS scenario are significantly better compared to the typical CADSs.
Empirical CDF
8
7
CADS-1
CADS-2
CADS-3
CC-CADS
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
CADS-1
CADS-2
CADS-3
CC-CADS
-1
0.1
-2
-54.5
-56
-55
-54
-53
-52
-51
Average Serving RSRP [P r (dBm)]
-50
-49
-54
0.35
-53.5
-53
-52.5
-52
Average Serving RSRP [dBm]
0.3
CADS-1
CADS-2
CADS-3
CC-CADS
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
-51.5
-51
40km
60km
80km
100km
120km
140km
Empirical CDF
0.25
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
0.2
0.1
0
2.2
0.2
0
-57
0.3
> Q rxlevmin]
2.4
2.6
2.8
3
3.2
3.4
3.6
3.8
Average UEs Spectral Efficiency [bps/Hz]
4.2
CADS-1
CADS-2
CADS-3
CC-CADS
Carrier Aggregation Deployment Scenarios
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Related Research
Interference Mitigation Strategies for Co-Existence
Among 5G Heterogeneous Networks
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Conclusion
Among
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References
Miranda, J.P. 2014. Interference Mitigation & Massive MIMO for 5G: Summary of
CPqDs Results.
Sawsan Ali Saad, Mahamod Ismail, and Rosdiadee Nordin. 2015. Partially
Compensated Power Control Technique for LTE-A Macro-Femto Networks. Lecture
Notes in Electrical Engineering.315:331-341.
Shayea, I., M. Ismail, R. Nordin & H. Mohamad 2014. Handover Performance over a
Coordinated Contiguous Carrier Aggregation Deployment Scenario in the LTEAdvanced System. International Journal of Vehicular Technology 2014(15):1-15.
Tafazolli, R. 2015. 5G: Special Generation. 5G IMT Seminar, Malaysia
Konstantinos Dimou. 2013. Interference Management Within 3GPP LTE-Advanced.
Hao Peng. Ultra Dense Network in 5G. ZTE Technologies. 2015
Phil Roberts, 5G is this the technology that will deliver the ultimate mobile
experience? 2015 (http://telecom.com)
Nokia. Ultra Dense Networks (UDN) White Paper. 2015
NIST. Ultra Dense Networks. 2016
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References
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Thank you
http://www.ukm.my/mahamod
mahamod@ukm.edu.my
mahamod@gmail.com
019-2615404/019-3275425
03-89216326
Related Research
Problem Statement
2016 Dr.MBI@UKM
Related Research
Problem Statement
2016 Dr.MBI@UKM
Related Research
Problem Statement
Device-to-Device (D2D) architecture improve
throughput, coverage, end-to-end latency.
However, introduces several challenges, such as
interference management between cellular and
D2D users becomes one of the most critical
issues for in-band D2D communication.
If the generated interference is not well
controlled, it will deteriorate the potential
benefits of D2D communication since the overall
cellular capacity and efficiency is degraded
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Related Research
Objectives
To
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Related Research
Methodology
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Related Research
WP 2: Overview of REM Prototype Architecture
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Related Research
Methodology
WP3:
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Related Research
WP 3: Cellular Offloading in D2D
Communications in Multi-tier cells in
Heterogeneous Networks
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