JHANOR GANDHAR

BOILER WATER CHEMISTRY

OVERVIEW OF
REQUIREMENT & TREATMENT

JHANOR GANDHAR

BOILER WATER TREATMENT - WHY?

Water Borne Problems:
Formation of hard deposits of CaCO3,
CaSO4, SiO2, MgSO4 etc.
Reduces heat transfer efficiency.
Difficult to remove.
Imbalance with turbine deposits
Temperature
Hardness materials
High pH

Water Softening
Demineralisation
Use of Scale inhibitors.

JHANOR GANDHAR

BOILER WATER TREATMENT - WHY?

Water Borne Problems: Natural oxidation phenomenon of
metals to attain lowest energy state Eg.
Fe + O2 - FeO , Fe2O3
Reduces metal thickness
Pinholes with localised corrosion
Fouling by corrosion products
Deaeration
High Temperature

Increase in pH

Corrosive radicals

Demineralisation for Acid radicals

Low pH

Coating

JHANOR GANDHAR

pH Vs Corrosion for MS

JHANOR GANDHAR

BOILER WATER TREATMENT - PRINCIPLES

LP-2 & LP-3

DM
ST

From HPT 810 M3/hr

< 0.20 uS/cm
TSP

LPT
LP Drum

Deaerator

RFWT

210 M3/hr
45 M3/hr
0.32 uS/cm

LP Evaporator

LP BFP

CEP
NH3
LP Economiser
N2H4

55 x 3 = 165 M3/hr

Water Inj. pp

JHANOR GANDHAR

SWAS OUTPUT
Sample
Make up Water

Parameter
Cond.

Value
<0.1 uS/cm

CEP Discharge

SiO2
pH

< 20 ppb
8.5-9.5

Drum (HP&LP)

Cond.
pH

4-6 s/cm
9-9.8(HP)& 9-10.5(LP)
<2 ppm

Silica
Cond.
Feed

DO
Hydrazine

<150 s/cm
<7 ppb
>10 ppb

Steam (HP&LP)

Sodium

<10 ppb

JHANOR GANDHAR

TROUBLE SHOOT
Parameter

Control Value

Condition Action

Drum pH

HP: 9.0 9.8

Low

1.
2.

LP: 9.2 10.5

3.

Very High

1.
2.

Drum SiO2
Feed N2H4

< 2 ppm or
< 2000 ppb.

High

1.
2.

>10 ppb or ug/l Low

(20-40 ppb)

1.

High

1.

2.

2.

Increase PO4 pump stroke/

dosage time
Increase concn of PO4 sol.
Check boiler impurities
Check PO4 level.
If PO4 high, open CBD
Cross check analyser.
Open CBD.
Check set point
Check tank level, concn. &
discharge
Check set point, concn
Stop pump

JHANOR GANDHAR

TROUBLE SHOOT
Parameter

Control Value

Condition Action

Condensate
pH

8.5 9.5
(Preferably 9.0
9.4)

Low

Condensate
ACC

< 0.20 us/cm

Condensate
Sodium

< 10 ug/l

2.

Adjust set point for NH3

Check tank level, concn.

High

1.

Stop NH3 pump

High

1.

Check cation column.

Check for condenser tube
leakage

1.

2.

High

1.
2.
3.

DM Make up
Conductivity

<0.1 us/cm
(< 0.4 us/cm)

High

DM SiO2

< 0.02 ppm

High

1.
2.
1.
2.

Check for analyser

Check for make up quality
Check for condenser leak
Check DMST
Change over DMST
Check Analyser, DMST
Change over DMST

CW SCHEMATIC AT JHANOR
H2SO4 dosing

Side filters
2000m3/hr

720m3/hr
Service
water
system

CT

TREATMEN
T
CHEMICAL
DOSING

CONDENSER

Fire Fighting

40000m3/hr

Cl2 dosing
MAKEUP
960M3/HR

Blow down
240M3/HR

AUXILLIARY
COOLING
2000M3/HR

ETP: DILUTION-CUM-NEUTRALISATION SECTION

CW Blow down, 2250 M3/Day

Design : 5000

DM Waste, 50 M3/Day

Design : 600

Softening Waste

Intermittent

Acid/Caustic

Re-circulation

POND-1
250 m3

POND-2
250 m3

POND-3
250 m3
pH, Cond,
Turb

Pump-1

Pump-2

Pump-3

To
Bhuki
Khadi

EDPH

THICKENER CUM CENTRIFUGE SECTION

SIDE FILTER B/W , PT PLANT WASTE 100M3/DAY
SEWAGE WATER, 300

M3/DAY

Polymer Dosing
line
THICKENER

THICKENER
RECIRCULATED
TO COOLING
WATER
SYSTEM

Polymer Dosing
line

SLUDGE

CENTRIFUGE

PIT
SLUDGE

SLUDGE

SLUDGE